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<a href="mailto:SouthernHeritage-subscribe@topica.com">HERE</a></center>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger1496125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-74347187430988142802023-12-11T18:35:00.001-06:002023-12-11T18:35:47.179-06:00LAWMAKERS DEMAND PENTAGON HALT ARLINGTON MEMORIAL DESTRUCTION<p> </p><h3 class="post-title" style="background-color: white; color: #cc6600; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 18.2px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0.25em 0px 0px; padding: 0px 0px 4px;"><p align="center" style="color: #1d2228; direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in; outline: none !important;"><span style="color: #080865; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d2228; direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in; outline: none !important;"><span style="color: #080865; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;">Defend Arlington announces today it has received a letter signed by 44 Members of Congress addressed to Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin demanding he halt the removal of the Reconciliation Memorial at Arlington National Cemetery scheduled for Monday, December 18<sup style="outline: none !important;">th</sup>, 2023. </span></p><p style="color: #1d2228; direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in; outline: none !important;"><span style="color: #080865; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d2228; direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in; outline: none !important;"><span style="color: #080865; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;">The eight page letter cited concerns over spending citing H.R. 4365 that would prevent the Department of Defense from using FY24 funds to administer, implement, or enforce removal of the Memorial at Arlington. The memorial was included in the Naming Commission recommendations that were adopted by Secretary Austin last year.</span></p><p style="color: #1d2228; direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in; outline: none !important;"><span style="color: #080865; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d2228; direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in; outline: none !important;"><span style="color: #080865; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;">The letter also cites concerns over the desecration of grave sites that will be the effect of the removal as a “clear violation of Congress’ enacted statue and legislative intent”.</span></p><p style="color: #1d2228; direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in; outline: none !important;"><span style="color: #080865; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d2228; direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in; outline: none !important;"><span style="color: #080865; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;">The letter included two prominent House leaders including Mike Rogers, Chairman of the House Armed Services Committee, and Ken Calvert, Chairman of the Defense Appropriations Subcommittee and was signed by Members from California, Wyoming, Minnesota, Wisconsin, as well as states who have military personnel whose graves are marked by the Memorial.</span></p><p style="color: #1d2228; direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in; outline: none !important;"><span style="color: #080865; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d2228; direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in; outline: none !important;"><span style="color: #080865; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;">Defend Arlington is encouraging supporters to thank the members who signed the letter and to ask those who did not, why they did not and add their support for the letter. So call your congressman: </span><span style="color: #080865; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;"><b style="outline: none !important;">202-224-3121 </b></span></p><p style="color: #1d2228; direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in; outline: none !important;"><span style="color: #080865; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;"><br style="outline: none !important;" /></span></p><p style="color: #1d2228; direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in; outline: none !important;"><span style="color: #080865; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;">1 So look at the letter</span></p><p style="color: #1d2228; direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in; outline: none !important;"><span style="color: #080865; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;">2 See if your congressman signed If so Thank him</span></p><p style="color: #1d2228; direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in; outline: none !important;"><span style="color: #080865; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;">3. If Not , sternly ask him to call Congressman Andrew Clyde and add his support </span></p><p style="color: #1d2228; direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in; outline: none !important;"><span style="color: #080865; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d2228; direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in; outline: none !important;"><span style="color: #080865; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;">Defend Arlington reminds the pubic that if the US Military can be weaponized against the dead in our Nation’s most hallowed historic military burial ground, no veteran’s grave is safe anywhere.</span></p><p style="color: #1d2228; direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in; outline: none !important;"><span style="color: #080865; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;"> </span></p><p style="color: #1d2228; direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in; outline: none !important;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;"><a class="yiv4119020920OWAAutoLink" href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.defendarlington.org_&d=DwMFaQ&c=euGZstcaTDllvimEN8b7jXrwqOf-v5A_CdpgnVfiiMM&r=7NhAAADaYbVQDSTrKqyoyW_Df9mwAesCmFrjeCF0Ous&m=yA1yr9XKjmXsAZZoiH_dYP-EOc4fL8xZiV7e3K6D5o5R8EQMxcXxZ_zU_7JQqTsS&s=y-arDmdR66jh50uEPC-Qd5R4RISN66V6sg5gq2_88K0&e=" id="yiv4119020920OWAb65316bc-4e9d-d6ac-9c98-5314f4b3ec39" rel="noreferrer" style="color: #196ad4; margin: 0px; outline: none !important;" target="_blank">Defend Arlington</a></span><span style="color: #080865; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;">, a group that has been spearheading the effort to halt Secretary Lloyd Austin's decision to accept the recommendation in the Naming Commission's 3rd report, and has filed litigation to protect and preserve the endangered memorial and grave marker.</span></p><p style="color: #1d2228; direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in; outline: none !important;"><span style="color: #080865; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;"><br /></span></p><p style="color: #1d2228; direction: ltr; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in; outline: none !important;"><span style="color: #080865; font-size: 14pt; outline: none !important;"><a href="Letter to SECDEF and Army re Reconciliation Monument_MHedits SIGNED (1).pdf">Letter to SECDEF and Army re Reconciliation Monument</a><br /></span></p></h3>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-72307232835254912842023-04-20T16:50:00.004-05:002023-04-20T16:50:54.157-05:00Various Documents Regarding Fort Sumter<p> Various Documents Regarding Fort Sumter</p><p>Enclosed are numerous documents and accounts regarding the “attack” on Fort Sumter. Within these</p><p>pages there are doubtless redundancies and duplication but the important thing is that the documents (all</p><p>sourced) are made available to those interested in the facts concerning the War of Secession rather than</p><p>the myths and lies to which the nation has been exposed since the end of the war.</p><p>Why Sumter is important:</p><p>After all the debate over the causes of the so-called Civil War has been exhausted, there is always one</p><p>charge made against the States of the South regarding that War, to wit: the South started the war by</p><p>firing the first shot against the federally owned and held Fort Sumter in Charleston harbor. No matter</p><p>what the original subject, when those arguing the rightness of the Union vs. the wrongness of the</p><p>Confederacy, the matter usually ends with this one particular charge to which most who defend the</p><p>South seem unable to respond—at least effectively. Enclosed within this pamphlet are many different</p><p>articles, essays and excerpts from books and other publications regarding the facts surrounding the</p><p>attack on Fort Sumter. Some even state that the federal government had no right to Sumter in the first</p><p>place as well as the most serious charge, that is that Abraham Lincoln’s entire strategy depended upon</p><p>South Carolina firing on the Fort and that absent what could (and would) be presented as an assault on</p><p>“the flag,” Lincoln had no hope of preventing the secession of at least some of the Southern states and</p><p>the subsequent loss of revenue to the federal government given the general feelings in the North against</p><p>any military response to secession. However, once that famous “first shot” had been fired, as you will</p><p>read in one account, Northern “patriotism” waxed into a fierce desire to punish the Southern “rebels.” Of</p><p>course, nobody seemed to take into consideration—though doubtless it was known in both sections—</p><p>that it is not who fires the first shot but who causes the first shot to be fired that starts a war. The within</p><p>pages clearly demonstrate that it was Lincoln and his government who did indeed cause the firing of that</p><p>first fatal shot.</p><p>Table of Contents</p><p>1. Whose War?</p><p>2. How We are Avenging Sumter</p><p>3. Sumter Summed Up</p><p>4. William Seward Analyzes Sumter</p><p>5. The Attack on Fort Sumter—An American Fairy Tale</p><p>6. Lincoln Launches His War Against the Confederacy</p><p>7. Union Ships Sent to Fort Sumter</p><p>8. Who Owned Fort Sumter?</p><p>9. South Carolina Takes Back Her Fort</p><p>10. Major Anderson’s Actions at Fort Moultrie</p><p>11. Buchanan’s Role in Initiating War</p><p>12. An “Insignificant” Military Engagement Has Horrific Consequences</p><p>13. Fort Sumter From North Carolina</p><p>14. Lincoln Has No Right to a Soldier in Fort Sumter</p><p>15. Abner Doubleday at Fort Sumter</p><p>Whose War?</p><p>by Bob Hurst – a Confederate Journal article</p><p>We have all become familiar with the concept of "spin" through the overexposure of expert (?) "talking</p><p>heads" on the 24-hour television news channels and the use of these same people on the older television</p><p>networks. Spin takes place when a proponent of one viewpoint (be it political, environmental, historical,</p><p>or whatever) is asked for commentary relating to a certain topic and "spins" that commentary in such a</p><p>way as to give credence (hopefully) to his or her own point of view while tearing down the viewpoint of</p><p>anyone who has an opposite perspective.</p><p>I singled out television in the opening paragraph but, of course, spin is applicable to any type of</p><p>information distribution system be it radio, newspapers, magazines, the internet, books (including</p><p>textbooks) or whatever. I began this month's column with a brief discussion of "spin" because I want to</p><p>discuss an issue that has been subject to "spin" (and not analysis, except by a few) for almost 150 years.</p><p>The topic I will elaborate upon is who started the great struggle of 1861-1865 between the states of the</p><p>North and the states of the South. There has been so much spin regarding that struggle that there are</p><p>even different names by which the epic event is known. The official name of the war, by act of</p><p>Congress, is "The War Between the States". The generally accepted nomenclature for referencing the</p><p>conflict is "The Civil War", but this is an inaccurate description since a civil war occurs when two or</p><p>more factions are fighting for control of a single government and the South was not fighting to control</p><p>the North but merely to be independent from any governmental association with it. That is why those</p><p>Southerners (and I include myself among them) who have not drunk the national kool-aid prefer to refer</p><p>to the conflict as "The War for Southern Independence".</p><p>It would take an entire book (or two, or dozens) to detail the background of events over many years</p><p>which set the stage for the War. Many textbooks (and many commentaries) simplify the process by</p><p>declaring that the South "started" the War (apparently without provocation) by firing on the Union-held</p><p>Fort Sumter in Charleston harbor and the American flag that was flying at the fort. Case closed, right?</p><p>Well, not exactly! By the time of the firing on Fort Sumter on April 12,1861, seven states had already</p><p>seceded from the Union. It was the desire of these states - South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida,</p><p>Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana and Texas - to leave the Union in peace. It was also the consensus of most</p><p>Northerners and Northern newspapers that secession was a constitutional right. An editorial in one</p><p>newspaper, The Bangor Daily Union, on November 12, 1860, seemed to sum up this belief well when it</p><p>stated: "Union depends for its continuance on the free consent and will of the sovereign people of each</p><p>state... A state coerced to remain in the Union is a 'subject province' and can never be a co-equal</p><p>member of the American Union".</p><p>A Supreme Court justice, Samuel Nelson, even advised the U.S. Secretary of State that it would be a</p><p>violation of the Constitution if the president used coercion against any state. So why, then, did the</p><p>Southern troops stationed in Charleston fire upon Fort Sumter when public opinion in both the North</p><p>and the South seemed to be on the side of the Southern Confederacy? It all goes back to the purpose of</p><p>Fort Sumter and that was the collection of tariffs from ships entering the harbor at Charleston. You see,</p><p>the Great War of 1861-65 was fought, like all wars, for economic reasons. Abraham Lincoln had been</p><p>asked shortly after his inauguration why the Southern states should not be allowed to leave the Union in</p><p>peace. His response was a question: "Let them go? Let them go? Then where would I get my revenues?"</p><p>(paraphrased) Lincoln knew that approximately 75% of federal revenues were collected at Southern</p><p>ports in the form of tariffs and Charleston was a major collection point.</p><p>In early December of 1860, President James Buchanan had signed an agreement with South Carolina</p><p>congressmen that forts Moultrie and Sumter would not be reinforced nor would they take aggressive</p><p>action against Charleston. In return, the forts would not be attacked by South Carolina forces. Shortly</p><p>after South Carolina seceded on December 20, 1860, Major Robert Anderson moved his troops that</p><p>were stationed at Fort Moultrie to Fort Sumter in an action that disturbed and puzzled the officials in</p><p>Charleston. Previous to this, in early December of 1860, President-elect Abraham Lincoln had instructed</p><p>General Winfield Scott, head of all Federal forces, to prepare a plan to hold or retake the forts after</p><p>Lincoln's inauguration on March 4, 1861 despite the agreement signed by President Buchanan.</p><p>Unbeknownst to Pres. Buchanan, Gen. Scott sent a ship on January 7, 1861 with supplies and 200</p><p>concealed troops to reinforce Fort Sumter. This ship, the "Star of the West", was turned back by fire</p><p>from South Carolina artillery batteries but it proved a major embarrassment to Pres. Buchanan who</p><p>wished to avoid war.</p><p>In early February, a very aggressive attack plan was presented to again reinforce Fort Sumter. Pres.</p><p>Buchanan would not agree to this plan and his Cabinet agreed that such a plan would constitute an act of</p><p>war and would be interpreted as such by the South. On February 25, President Jefferson Davis of the</p><p>Confederacy sent a three-man Peace Commission to Washington to discuss many issues including the</p><p>transition of Fort Sumter from Union to Confederate control. Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated on</p><p>March 4, 1861 as President of the United States. He refused to talk with the members of the Peace</p><p>Commission who were still trying to make headway in Washington. Lincoln also announced that tariffs</p><p>would continue to be collected at Fort Sumter regardless of the secession of South Carolina. He also</p><p>made it clear that, unlike previous presidents, he regarded secession to be illegal and was willing to use</p><p>military force to prevent secession.</p><p>(Note: This is the same Lincoln who would later suspend habeas corpus and have thousands of Northern</p><p>civilians, including newspaper publishers and even state legislators, arrested and imprisoned. Certainly</p><p>an interesting reading of the U.S. Constitution.)</p><p>The Confederate Peace Commission had been meeting with several justices of the Supreme Court and</p><p>Secretary of State Seward who had continually assured them that Fort Sumter would be evacuated.</p><p>Despite this, on March 9 Lincoln proposed that Fort Sumter be reinforced. His Cabinet overwhelmingly</p><p>opposed this action because it was believed that this would lead to war. Interestingly, on March 3</p><p>Jefferson Davis had appointed General Pierre G.T. Beauregard as commander of Confederate forces in</p><p>Charleston. In one of those interesting anomalies that occurred throughout the War, Gen. Beauregard</p><p>and Major Anderson, the commander of Fort Sumter, were good friends. Anderson had been an</p><p>instructor of Beauregard when the latter was a student at West Point. Lincoln continued to attempt to</p><p>persuade his Cabinet to approve reinforcing Fort Sumter. He failed again at a Cabinet meeting on March</p><p>15 but finally was able to convince the Cabinet to approve his plan on March 29 although the Cabinet</p><p>members knew it would lead to war. On April 6 Lincoln gave the order to reinforce Fort Sumter.</p><p>Lincoln then started distributing stories to supportive Northern newspapers that the Federal troops at</p><p>Fort Sumter were near starvation and in desperate need of provisions. This was an outright lie that was</p><p>refuted by the communications and records of Major Anderson himself. Additionally, the merchants in</p><p>Charleston were daily selling foodstuffs to the garrison at Fort Sumter. Nonetheless, Lincoln's ploy</p><p>worked and there was outrage in the North over the "starving" of troops at Fort Sumter. He knew he</p><p>would need Northern public opinion behind him to engage in a war with the South. Lincoln then ordered</p><p>a force of three warships to Charleston to reinforce Sumter with an estimated date of arrival of April 15.</p><p>This action left President Jefferson Davis in a quandary. Through reports he was aware of all this</p><p>activity by Lincoln. What he wanted to avoid was being goaded into a situation where the South fired</p><p>the first shot which was exactly what Lincoln wanted. Legally the aggressor in such an action is not</p><p>necessarily the side firing the first shot but the side causing the first shot to be necessary. Regardless, it</p><p>would be a public opinion boost for Lincoln's war plan if the South appeared to be the aggressor.</p><p>Meanwhile, Gen. Beauregard was aware that a Union fleet of warships was approaching Charleston. On</p><p>April 9 he sent emissaries to Fort Sumter to demand surrender and evacuation of the facility. His friend,</p><p>Major Anderson, indicated that he was honor bound to resist. At 4:30 A.M. on April 12, after sending</p><p>word to the fort earlier that firing was about to begin, the bombardment began. I use the term</p><p>"bombardment" but it was more like firing a shot across the bow. During the entire period of shelling the</p><p>fort, some 30-odd hours, there was not one single Union casualty. In fact, the only casualty occurred</p><p>when, after the surrender of the fort, the Union forces were firing a salute as they lowered their flag and</p><p>an ember fell into some gunpowder causing an explosion which resulted in one death and five injuries.</p><p>As a ship carrying Union soldiers left the harbor to rendezvous with the force that had arrived,</p><p>Confederate soldiers lined the beaches of Sullivan's Island and other areas around the harbor and</p><p>removed their caps in a salute to the departing forces, many of whom they had come to know.</p><p>Despite the goodwill between the combatants, Lincoln now had what he wanted and the news of</p><p>Confederate firing on the American flag was quickly distributed to Northern newspapers with the</p><p>resulting fervor for punishing the South that was expected. President Jefferson Davis later explained the</p><p>situation: "The order for the sending of the fleet was a declaration of war. The responsibility is on their</p><p>shoulders, not on ours." Despite the truthfulness of this logic, the fact that the North won the War meant</p><p>that they got to write the history of the conflict. Mr. Lincoln got the war he wanted and schoolchildren</p><p>are taught that the war started because Fort Sumter was fired upon without provocation by Southern</p><p>forces. How sad.</p><p>(This article was used in part in the July/August, 2011 issue of The Southern Cavalry Review under the</p><p>heading of Sumter Summed Up.)</p><p>How We Are Avenging Sumpter</p><p>The Old Guard: A Monthly Journal Devoted to the Principles of 1776 and 1787, Volume II, No.</p><p>1, January 1863 Published in New York by C. Chauncey Burr & Company No. 119</p><p>The following are the reported casualties of this war from its beginning to January 1st, 1863:</p><p>Federals Killed: 43,874 Confederates Killed: 20,893</p><p>Federals Wounded: 97,029 Confederates Wounded: 59,915</p><p>Federals died of disease/wounds: 250,000 Confederates died of disease/wounds: 120,000</p><p>Federals Made Prisoner: 68,218 Confederates Made Prisoner: 22,169</p><p>Total: 459,374 Total: 222,677</p><p>They have killed 22,874 more of our men than we have of theirs.</p><p>They have wounded, not mortally, 39,414 more of our men than we have of theirs.</p><p>150,000 more of our men have died of disease and wounds than of theirs.</p><p>They have made prisoners of 46,000 more of our men than we have of theirs.</p><p>Our total casualties are 237,297 more than theirs---that is, our casualties have been 14,000 more than as</p><p>much again as theirs.</p><p>This is the way we have “revenged the firing on Fort Sumter.”</p><p>But this is not all.:</p><p>We have spent almost two thousand million more of money than they have spent.</p><p>We have made two hundred thousand of our women widows.</p><p>We have made one million of children fatherless.</p><p>We have destroyed the Constitution of our country.</p><p>We have brought the ferocious savagery of war into every corner of society.</p><p>We have demoralized our pulpits, so that our very religion is a source of immorality and blood. Instead</p><p>of being servants of Christ, our ministers are servants of Satan.</p><p>The land is full of contractors, thieves, provost-marshals and a thousand other tolls of illegal and</p><p>despotic power, as Egypt was of vermin in the days of the Pharaohs.</p><p>We are rapidly degenerating in everything that exalts a nation.</p><p>Our civilization is perishing.</p><p>We are swiftly drifting into inevitable civil war here in the North.</p><p>We are turning our homes into charnel houses.</p><p>There is a corpse in every family. The angel of death sits in every door.</p><p>The devil has removed from Tartarus to Washington.</p><p>We pretend that we are punishing the rebels, but they are punishing us.</p><p>We pretend that we are restoring the Union, but we are destroying it.</p><p>We pretend that we are enforcing the laws, but we are only catching Negroes.</p><p>That is the way we are “revenging Sumter.”</p><p>Selling our souls to the devil and taking Lincoln & Co.’s promise to pay.</p><p>We have it in greenbacks and blood.</p><p>That is the way we are “revenging Sumter.”</p><p>(From the Archive Press: Introduction by Matt Caldwell, Civil War Historian Magazine, July/August</p><p>2005)</p><p>Sumter Summed Up</p><p>Many textbooks and commentaries falsely simplify the process by declaring that the South started the</p><p>War - apparently without provocation - by firing on Union-held Fort Sumter in Charleston harbor. But</p><p>by the time of the firing on Fort Sumter on April 12th, 1861, seven states had already seceded from the</p><p>Union. It was the desire of these states - South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia,</p><p>Louisiana and Texas - to leave the Union in peace. It was also the consensus of most Northerners and</p><p>Northern newspapers that secession was a constitutional right even if it might not be the best course of</p><p>action. An editorial in the Bangor, Maine DAILY UNION, on November 12th, 1860, summed up this</p><p>belief when it stated: “Union depends for its continuance on the free consent and will of the sovereign</p><p>people of each state... A state coerced to remain in the Union is a 'subject province' and can never be a</p><p>co-equal member of the American Union”.</p><p>Supreme Court Justice Samuel Nelson advised the U.S. Secretary of State that it would be a violation of</p><p>the Constitution if the President used coercion against any state in an attempt to force it to remain in—or</p><p>return to—the Union. So why, then, did the Southern troops stationed in Charleston fire upon Fort</p><p>Sumter when public opinion in both the North and South seemed to be on the side of the secessionists?</p><p>Well, to start, it all goes back to the purpose of Fort Sumter. Sumter was not a military fort; it protected</p><p>nothing. Rather, its purpose was the collection of tariffs from ships entering the harbor at Charleston.</p><p>You see, the Great War of 1861-65 was fought, like all wars, for money. Lincoln knew that</p><p>approximately 75% of federal revenues were collected at Southern ports in the form of tariffs and</p><p>Charleston was a major collection point through Fort Sumter.</p><p>In early December of 1860, President James Buchanan had signed an agreement with South Carolina’s</p><p>Congressional representatives that forts Moultrie and Sumter would not be reinforced nor would they</p><p>take aggressive action against Charleston. In return, the forts would not be attacked by South Carolina’s</p><p>forces. Shortly after South Carolina seceded on December 20th, 1860, Major Robert Anderson moved</p><p>the troops stationed at Moultrie to Fort Sumter in an action that disturbed and puzzled the officials in</p><p>Charleston. Previous to this, in early December of 1860, President-elect Abraham Lincoln had instructed</p><p>General Winfield Scott, head of all Federal forces, to prepare a plan to hold or retake the forts after</p><p>Lincoln's inauguration on March 4th, 1861 despite the agreement signed by President Buchanan.</p><p>Unbeknownst to Buchanan, General Scott sent a ship on January 7th, 1861 with supplies and 200</p><p>concealed troops to reinforce Sumter. This ship, the "Star of the West", was turned back by fire from</p><p>South Carolina artillery batteries and proved a major embarrassment to Buchanan.</p><p>In early February, a very aggressive attack plan was presented to again reinforce Fort Sumter but</p><p>Buchanan would not agree and his Cabinet declared that such a plan would constitute an act of war and</p><p>would be interpreted as such by the South. On February 25th, President Jefferson Davis of the</p><p>Confederacy sent a three-man Peace Commission to Washington to discuss among other things, the</p><p>transition of Fort Sumter from Union to Confederate hands. However, Abraham Lincoln who was</p><p>inaugurated on March 4th, 1861 as President refused to talk with the members of the Peace Commission.</p><p>Lincoln also announced that tariffs would continue to be collected at Fort Sumter for the coffers of the</p><p>Federal Government regardless of the secession of South Carolina. He also stated that, unlike previous</p><p>presidents, he regarded secession to be constitutionally illegal and that he was willing to use military</p><p>force to prevent or overcome any state that attempted to employ it. Thus, the waging of war by the</p><p>central government against the people and states of the South which had been rejected by the People, the</p><p>Nation and the Federal Government prior to Lincoln’s inauguration became the stated intention of that</p><p>same United States Government under its 16th President.</p><p>At the time: anxious, if possible to effect an amicable reconciliation between the States, the Confederate</p><p>States Commissioners, addressed a note, on the 12th of March, to William H. Seward, Secretary of State,</p><p>in the new Cabinet, setting forth the character and object of their mission. Seward replied to this verbally</p><p>and informally, through Justice John A. Campbell, of the U. S. Supreme Court. Justice Campbell was a</p><p>citizen of Alabama, in full sympathy with the Southern cause. He was therefore selected by Seward as a</p><p>plausible intermediary. In this way the Commissioners were given to understand that Seward was in</p><p>favor of peace and that Fort Sumter, about which the Commissioners felt the greatest concern, would be</p><p>evacuated in less than ten days. This proved, however, to be a deception practiced upon the</p><p>Commissioners by Seward and the Lincoln Government at Washington. They were kept in the dark as</p><p>regarded the intention of the Federal Government regarding Sumter and it was not until a provisioning</p><p>and reinforcing fleet dispatched from the ports of New York and Norfolk early in April, had actually</p><p>hove in sight of Fort Sumter, that they informed of the Government’s intentions to reinforce Sumter. On</p><p>March 9th, Lincoln proposed that Sumter be reinforced but his Cabinet overwhelmingly opposed this</p><p>action as it would lead to war. Lincoln continued persuade his Cabinet to approve reinforcing Sumter</p><p>but failed again at a Cabinet meeting on March 15th . Finally, on March 29th he was able to convince</p><p>them to approve his plan although all knew it would lead to war. On April 6th Lincoln gave the order to</p><p>reinforce Fort Sumter and, for all intents and purposes, the War of Secession began.</p><p>The Confederate Peace Commissioners came in possession of these facts through a notice given on the</p><p>8th of April to Gov. Pickens of South Carolina, that a fleet was then on its way to provision and reinforce</p><p>Sumter. The fort was at this time commanded by Major Robert Anderson, of the U. S. Army, with a</p><p>force of less than a hundred including the men Anderson had moved from Fort Moultrie, and it was also</p><p>incorrectly reported that the garrison was very short of provisions. On March 3rd Jefferson Davis had</p><p>appointed General Pierre G. T. Beauregard as commander of Confederate forces in Charleston and in</p><p>one of those odd anomalies that occurred throughout the War, Beauregard and Major Anderson were</p><p>good friends. Beauregard was in command of about six thousand volunteer troops at the time, collected</p><p>for the purpose of defending Charleston. Gov. Pickens informed him of the notice he had received and</p><p>this was telegraphed by Beauregard to the authorities at Montgomery. On the 11th of April the demand</p><p>for Sumter’s evacuation was made by Beauregard and Major Anderson, in writing, stated that the</p><p>demand would not be complied with. This was sent by Beauregard to the Secretary of War who returned</p><p>the following response: “Do not needlessly desire to bombard Fort Sumter. If Maj. Anderson will state a</p><p>reasonable specified time at which he will evacuate, and agree that, in the meantime, he will not use his</p><p>guns against us, unless ours should be employed against Fort Sumter, you are authorized thus to avoid</p><p>the effusion of blood. If this or its equivalent be refused, reduce the fort, as your judgment decides most</p><p>practicable.”</p><p>In a deliberate strategy, Lincoln then began leaking stories to supportive Northern newspapers that the</p><p>Federal troops at Fort Sumter were near starvation and in desperate need of provisions. This, of course,</p><p>was an outright lie and is refuted by the communications and records of Major Anderson himself.</p><p>Additionally, the records reveal that the merchants in Charleston were daily selling foodstuffs to the</p><p>garrison at Fort Sumter. Nonetheless, Lincoln's ploy worked and there was outrage in the North over the</p><p>“mistreatment” of the troops at Fort Sumter. The President knew he would need Northern public opinion</p><p>behind him to engage in a war with the South but that the prevailing opinion of the time had shown to be</p><p>just the opposite. So, in point of fact, Lincoln needed a cause celeb, a perceived “criminal act”</p><p>committed by the South against the Union to outrage the public and change the prevailing opinion.</p><p>Therefore, he ordered a force of three warships to Charleston to reinforce Sumter with an estimated date</p><p>of arrival of April 15th. This action left President Jefferson Davis in a quandary. Through reports from</p><p>his own people he was aware of all this activity by Lincoln and he wanted to avoid being goaded into a</p><p>position where the South fired the first shot which, of course, was exactly what Lincoln wanted. Legally</p><p>the aggressor in this kind of circumstance is not necessarily the side firing the first shot but the side</p><p>causing the first shot to be fired. In other words, from the point of view of legality, the South having</p><p>been forced into a military response was not the aggressor but, sadly, the perception in the North would</p><p>be just the opposite and would therefore provide the public opinion boost necessary for Lincoln's war</p><p>plan. The attack on Fort Sumter was a premeditated effort to do just what was done, force the South to</p><p>fire what were apparently the first shots of the war.</p><p>By this time, the Union fleet was approaching Charleston and some of Beauregard’s batteries and forces</p><p>were between it and Fort Sumter. Should it arrive while Anderson still held the fort, Beauregard knew</p><p>he would be exposed to attack from the rear as well as from the front. He therefore gave Major</p><p>Anderson notice that he would at an early specified hour compel him to withdraw from the fort if he did</p><p>not otherwise willingly evacuate his position. Major Anderson, indicated that he was honor bound to</p><p>resist. At 4:30 A.M. on April 12th, Beauregard again sent word to Anderson that the Confederate forces</p><p>had no choice but to begin firing on the fort due to the efforts of the United States Government to</p><p>reinforce it. Accordingly, the shore batteries opened fire on the morning of the 12th of April which fire</p><p>was returned by the guns of Fort Sumter. The fleet came near, but in the absence of official orders from</p><p>the Government, took no part in the conflict. The bombardment lasted 32 hours at which time Major</p><p>Anderson then agreed to capitulate. During the entire period of shelling, some 30-odd hours, there was</p><p>not one single Union casualty since Beauregard had forewarned the garrison of the actions that would be</p><p>taken and the soldiers were able to take refuge out of harm’s way – hardly a war-like action on the part</p><p>of Beauregard and the Confederates. In fact, the only casualty occurred when, after the surrender of the</p><p>fort, the Union forces were firing a salute as they lowered their flag and an ember fell into some</p><p>gunpowder causing an explosion which resulted in one death and five injuries. As a ship carrying Union</p><p>soldiers left the harbor to rendezvous with the force that had arrived contrary to all prior arrangements</p><p>between the United States government and the State of South Carolina, Confederate soldiers lined the</p><p>beaches of Sullivan's Island and other areas around the harbor and removed their caps in a salute to the</p><p>departing forces, many of whom they had come to know and respect.</p><p>But Lincoln now had what he wanted and the news of the Confederates firing on the American flag was</p><p>quickly distributed to Northern newspapers which resulted in the anticipated fervor for severely</p><p>punishing the bloody and prideful South for firing on Old Glory. The fall of Fort Sumter aroused the</p><p>Northern people to the highest pitch, and enabled the party now in power, to draw large accessions from</p><p>Democratic, and American parties. There is little doubt that Lincoln and the Republicans wanted war.</p><p>They had done all in their power to avoid compromise, the compromise favored by the vast majority of</p><p>the very people who had elected Lincoln to the presidency. Lincoln had maneuvered the Confederate</p><p>leaders into firing the first shot knowing that this act would inflame the passions of the North, and allow</p><p>him to open hostilities against states that sought only a peaceful departure from their old compact.</p><p>Indeed, Lincoln admitted that he obtained his desired result at Sumter in a letter to Gustavus Fox on</p><p>May 1st, 1861 in which he stated,</p><p>"You and I both anticipated that the cause of the country would be advanced by</p><p>making the attempt to provision Ft. Sumter, even if it should fail; and it is no</p><p>small consolation now to feel that our anticipation is justified by the result."</p><p>The “result” and the “cause of the country” that Lincoln wished to advance, was, of course, the war that</p><p>the firing on Fort Sumter brought about. On July 3rd of that same year, Lincoln confided to Orville H.</p><p>Browning, a close personal friend, about the plan to supply and reinforce Sumter:</p><p>"The plan succeeded. They attacked Sumter—and it fell, and thus did more</p><p>service than it otherwise could."</p><p>President Jefferson Davis later stated: “The order for the sending of the fleet was a declaration of war.</p><p>The responsibility is on their shoulders, not on ours.” Unfortunately, despite the truth of this comment</p><p>by Davis, the fact is that the North won the war Lincoln desired and intentionally initiated and it also</p><p>meant that, as usual, the winner got to write the history of the conflict. Thus, Mr. Lincoln got his war</p><p>and schoolchildren are taught that the South started it by firing upon Fort Sumter without provocation.</p><p>Below are the particulars and their sources regarding Union ships sent to Fort Sumter after an agreement</p><p>had been reached between the United States Government and the Government of South Carolina. It is</p><p>clear that the Federal Government did not keep its promises to South Carolina regarding attempts to</p><p>reinforce, rearm and re-supply Sumter. Thus, when the Fort was fired upon by shore batteries, that</p><p>action was the result of long standing violations of Federal agreements and should be considered a</p><p>response to an act of war rather than the original act.</p><p>Union Ships at Sumter</p><p>The armament of each ship listed below comes from the Naval Historical Center. A list of the fleet and</p><p>troops embarked are derived from newspaper articles in the New York Times and the New York Herald.</p><p>Sites for same are listed below:</p><p>http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archivefree/pdf?res=9904E0DA1230E134BC4053DFB266838A679FDE</p><p>http://digitalnewspapers.libraries.psu.edu/Default/Skins/BasicArch/Client.asp?Skin=BasicArch&&App</p><p>Name=2&enter=true&BaseHref=RCM/1861/04/08&EntityId=Ar00212</p><p>http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archivefree/pdf?res=9403EED81230E134BC4153DFB266838A679FDE</p><p>http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archivefree/pdf?res=9B02E0DA1230E134BC4053DFB266838A679FDE (The New York Herald)</p><p>The following list embraces the names, with armaments and troops, of the fleet dispatched from New</p><p>York and Washington to Charleston harbor, for the relief of Fort Sumter:</p><p>1. Vessels of War Steam sloop-of-war Pawnee, Captain S. C. Rowan, 10 guns and 200 men. The</p><p>Pawnee sailed from Washington, with sealed orders, on the morning of Saturday, April 6.</p><p>2- Steam sloop-of-war Powhatan, Captain E. D. Porter, 11 guns and 275 men. The Powhatan sailed</p><p>from the Brooklyn Navy Yard on Saturday afternoon April 6.</p><p>3- Revenue cutter Harriet Lane, Captain J. Faunce, 5 guns and 96 men. On Saturday, April 6, the</p><p>Harriet Lane exchanged her revenue flag for the United States navy flag, denoting her transfer to the</p><p>Government naval service, and sailed suddenly on last Monday morning, with sealed orders.</p><p>4- The Steam Transports Atlantic, 358 troops, composed of Companies A and M of the Second</p><p>artillery, Companies C and H of the Second infantry, and Company A of sappers and miners from West</p><p>Point. The Atlantic sailed from the steam at 5 o'clock on Sunday morning last, April 7. Baltic, 160</p><p>troops, composed of Companies C and D, recruits, from Governor's and Bedloe's islands.</p><p>5- The Baltic sailed from Quarantine at 7o'clock on Tuesday morning last, April 9. Illinois, 300 troops,</p><p>composed of Companies B, E, F, G and H, and a detachment from Company D, all recruits from</p><p>Governor's and Bedloe's Islands, together with two companies of the Second infantry, from Fort</p><p>Hamilton.</p><p>6- The Illinois sailed from Quarantine on Tuesday morning at 6 o'clock. The Steamtugs Two</p><p>steamtugs, with a Government official on each, bearing sealed dispatches, were also sent.</p><p>7- The Yankee left New York on Monday evening, 8th, and the Uncle Ben on Tuesday night. The</p><p>Launches Nearly thirty of these boats-whose services are most useful in effecting a landing of troops</p><p>over shoal water, and for attacking a discharging battery when covered with sand and gunny bags- have</p><p>been taken out by the Powhatan and by the steam transports Atlantic, Baltic and Illinois.</p><p>Recapitulation:</p><p>Vessels Guns Men</p><p>Sloop-of-war Pawnee 10 200</p><p>Sloop-of-war Powhatan 11 275</p><p>Cutter Harriet Lane (Steam) 5 96</p><p>Transport Atlantic (Steam) 0 353</p><p>Transport Baltic (Steam) 0 160</p><p>Transport Illinois (Steam) 0 300</p><p>Teamtug Yankee Ordinary Crew</p><p>Steamtug Uncle Ben Ordinary Crew</p><p>Total number of vessels 8. Total number of guns (for marine service) 26 Total number of men and</p><p>troops 1,380 It is understood that several transports are soon to be chartered, and dispatched to</p><p>Charleston with troops and supplies.</p><p>(note: a Hartford Connecticut newspaper from early April 1861 states the following "…Davis</p><p>telegraphed to Charleston not to fire on any vessels entering the harbor merely for supplying Fort</p><p>Sumter with provisions". The particulars of that newspaper are unavailable at present, but it and the</p><p>article do exist. It is also by Commander Anderson’s own writings that we know that Sumter was not</p><p>“starving” or without the necessities of survival.)</p><p>William Seward Analyzes Fort Sumter:</p><p>Though a duplicitous and scheming politician rather than a statesman, William Seward at least</p><p>understood the immoral calamity of the North warring upon its fraternal sister States to the South. He</p><p>lacked the ethical and moral fortitude to confront and stop Lincoln’s rush to war against his own people,</p><p>and the ultimate deaths of a million Americans.</p><p>Bernhard Thuersam, Director, Cape Fear Historical Institute</p><p>“The question submitted to us, then, practically, is: Supposing it to be possible to reinforce and supply</p><p>Fort Sumter. Is it wise to attempt it, instead of withdrawing the garrison? The most that could be done</p><p>by any means now in our hands would be to throw two hundred and fifty to four hundred troops into the</p><p>garrison, with provisions for supplying it five or six months.</p><p>In this active and enlightened country, in this season of excitement, with a daily press, daily mails, and</p><p>an incessantly operating telegraph, the design to reinforce and supply the garrison must become known</p><p>to the opposite party in Charleston as soon at least as preparation for it should begin. The garrison then</p><p>would almost certainly fall by assault before the expedition could reach the harbor of Charleston;</p><p>suppose it to be overpowered and destroyed, is that new outrage to be avenged, or are we then to return</p><p>to our attitude of immobility? Moreover in that event, what becomes of the garrison?</p><p>I suppose the expedition successful. We have then a garrison at Fort Sumter that could defy assault for</p><p>six months. What is it to do then? Is it to make war by opening its batteries and attempting to demolish</p><p>the defences of the Carolinians? Can it demolish them if it tries? If it cannot, what is the advantage we</p><p>shall have gained? If it can, how will it serve to check or prevent disunion?</p><p>In either case, it seems to me that we have inaugurated a civil war by our own act, without an adequate</p><p>object, which after reunion will be hopeless, at least under this administration, or in any other way than</p><p>by a popular disavowal both of the war and the administration which unnecessarily commenced it.</p><p>Fraternity is the element if union; war is the element of disunion.</p><p>Fraternity, if practiced by this administration, will rescue the Union from all its dangers. If this</p><p>administration, on the other hand, take up the sword, then an opposite party will offer the olive branch,</p><p>and will, as it ought, profit by the restoration of peace and union.”</p><p>(Life of William H. Seward, Frederic Bancroft, Volume II, Harper & Brothers, 1900, pp. 99-100)</p><p>The Attack on Fort Sumter ~ An American Fairy Tale</p><p>On the 150th anniversary of the firing on Fort Sumter, let us consider what sparked that momentous</p><p>event. It has been said that those that do not remember history are condemned to repeat it. But what</p><p>happens to those who remember but choose to perpetuate a fraudulent “memory?” The standard</p><p>explanation of the beginnings of the War of Secession is a good example of such fraudulent “history”.</p><p>Most Americans who write or speak on the subject—even those who should know better—continue to</p><p>perpetuate the massive fraud committed in 1861. They justify the Lincoln Administration’s actions with</p><p>the claim that the federal troops occupying Fort Sumter after South Carolina’s secession were in want</p><p>and “needed to be supplied with food and provisions,” that President Lincoln decided to “resupply” the</p><p>garrison and that the Confederacy wantonly opened fire on the Fort, thus, in effect, declaring war on the</p><p>United States. They never mention that the “Fox expedition” (the forces sent to “resupply” and</p><p>“provision” Sumter under Gustavus Fox) included the following:</p><p>The Steamship Baltic with 200 troops of the 2nd US Artillery.</p><p>The sloop-of-war Pawnee with a crew of 181, and eight 9-inch Dahlgren guns and two 12 pound guns.</p><p>The sloop-of-war Powhaten [*] with a crew of 289 plus 300 additional sailors to be used as landing</p><p>troops and reinforcements and one 11-inch smoothbore gun, ten 9-inch smoothbore guns and five 12-</p><p>pounders.</p><p>The armed screw steamer Pocahontas, crew of 180 and four 32-pounder guns, one 10-pounder gun and</p><p>one 20-pounder rifle</p><p>The Revenue cutter, Harriet Lane, crew of 95 with one 4in gun, one 9in gun, two 8-inch guns and two 24</p><p>pound howitzers.</p><p>In addition to the war ships and troop transport there were also three sea-going steam tugs in the flotilla.</p><p>These were to be used to pull the deep draft war ships and transport over the sand bar near Sumter and in</p><p>order to help transfer troops and munitions to shore. The superstructures of these tugs were armored as</p><p>protection against small arms fire; they were also armed with boat howitzers. So the attempt to</p><p>peacefully “provision” Fort Sumter included four warships with 39 guns, four troop transports and</p><p>landing craft and over 1200 military personnel, 500 of which were intended to be landed as</p><p>reinforcements. Obviously, this was something much more than an attempt to “provision” a garrison in</p><p>want.</p><p>The Confederate peace commissioners sent to Washington in an attempt to forestall hostilities had been</p><p>assured by the Lincoln Administration that neither Forts Sumter nor Pickens in Pensacola, Florida would</p><p>be reinforced and, in fact, both would soon be evacuated. Meanwhile the Administration was busily</p><p>preparing troops and ships to reinforce and hold both forts. The Confederate authorities in Charleston</p><p>and the provisional Confederate capital in Montgomery were fully aware that the “Fox expedition” had</p><p>sailed from New York and was in route to make an attempt to reinforce and hold Sumter. After</p><p>considerable communications between Montgomery and Charleston, Beauregard was finally forced to</p><p>open fire on the Fort on April 12, 1861 as the “relief” expedition appeared off Charleston harbor. After</p><p>these blatant and deliberate acts of war and the cynical subterfuge of the Lincoln administration, the</p><p>Confederate authorities felt they had no choice but to reduce the fort, as Lincoln most assuredly knew</p><p>they would. Governor Pickens of South Carolina had warned Lincoln’s emissary that any attempt to</p><p>reinforce Sumter would result in “…the tocsin of war … sounded from every hill-top and valley in the</p><p>South.” Of course, this is just what Lincoln wanted—and, alas, just what he got.</p><p>The “Fox expedition” was very obviously no peaceful attempt to “provision” a “starving garrison”. It</p><p>was in fact a small invasion force and a cynical and deliberate provocation of war by the Lincoln</p><p>administration. Lincoln himself admitted this fact when he said in a letter to Commander Fox dated May</p><p>1, 1861. “You and I both anticipated that the cause of the country would be advanced by making the</p><p>attempt to provision Fort Sumter, even if it should fail; and it is no small consolation now to feel that our</p><p>anticipation is justified by the result.” (It is interesting to note that Lincoln attempts to disguise his fraud</p><p>in a letter to Fox who knew full well the nature of the expedition and its intention to provoke war.</p><p>However, knowing that the letter may become public at some time, Lincoln refers to this aggressive</p><p>provocation as an “attempt to provision” Sumter.) What exactly was it that Lincoln “anticipated”? What</p><p>other “result” could have been expected other than the initiation of an aggressive war against the South?</p><p>It is patently obvious that “honest” Abe wanted to start a war in April of 1861 and set about to</p><p>deliberately provoke one.</p><p>This is the fraud that has been perpetuated on the American people since 1861 and after 150 years it is</p><p>high time that we demand of academia and historical scholars that the truth be made public even if it</p><p>tarnishes their great secular idol. George Santayana was right of course when he said “Those who cannot</p><p>remember the past are condemned to repeat it,”. But to avoid repeating the mistakes of the past we must</p><p>know what the real mistakes were. The “first shot” scenario of the commencement of the War Between</p><p>the States is nothing but a fraudulent version of “history”. Lincoln deliberately provoked the war and</p><p>openly admitted as much. This is the real history we need to remember.</p><p>[*Note: in an effort to be entirely accurate here I must mention the fact that the Powhaten though she</p><p>had orders for and sailed for Sumter was withdrawn from the expedition at the last minute (on orders</p><p>from “honest” Abe) and sent instead to Pensacola to help with the reinforcement of Fort Pickens. The</p><p>Sumter expedition was obviously thus only mounted to deliberately provoke war and as a diversion from</p><p>the Florida invasion.]</p><p>Lincoln Launches His War Against the Confederacy</p><p>In manipulating the Fort Sumter crisis to produce that “first shot,” Abe Lincoln had followed the advice</p><p>of his long-time political friend, Orville Browning, of Illinois. Lincoln had first met Browning during</p><p>brief service in the Illinois Militia, when they were both chasing after Black Hawk’s Native Americans.</p><p>Well-educated, Browning practiced law in Quincy, Illinois, and was a Whig politician during the years</p><p>that Lincoln was active in the Whig party. Then, like Lincoln, Browning became a major figure in the</p><p>founding of the Illinois Republican party in 1856.</p><p>But Browning’s instruction about manipulating the Fort Sumter crisis to produce that most valuable</p><p>“first shot” had been his most fearsome influence on Lincoln. Before the inauguration, Browning had</p><p>written Lincoln: “In any conflict…between the [Federal] Government and the seceding States, it is very</p><p>important that the [Secessionists] shall be [perceived] as the aggressors, and that they be kept constantly</p><p>and palpable [allegedly] in the wrong. The first attempt…to furnish supplies or reinforcements to</p><p>Sumter will induce [a military response] by South Carolina, and then the [Federal] Government will</p><p>stand justified, before the entire [Federation], in repelling the aggression, and retaking the forts.” Later</p><p>that summer Lincoln would happily tell Browning, “The plan succeeded. They attacked Sumter—it fell,</p><p>and thus, did more service than it otherwise could.”</p><p>Lieutenant [Gustavus] Fox was very discouraged by his failure to resupply Fort Sumter, and would soon</p><p>write Abe Lincoln a letter of apology. To Fox, Lincoln would reply: “You and I both anticipated that the</p><p>cause of the [Federation] would be advanced by making the attempt to provision Fort Sumter, even if it</p><p>should fail; and it is no small consolation now to feel that our anticipation is justified by the results.”</p><p>Having in his hand his coveted “first shot,” Abe Lincoln lost no time in launching a war against the</p><p>Confederacy.</p><p>On the very next day, April 15, Lincoln issued an Executive Proclamation directing the Army and Navy</p><p>to invade the Confederacy and force her States to submit to Federal authority. Lincoln cloaked his</p><p>rhetoric in awkward language that avoided referring to the Confederacy by name, ignored the fact that</p><p>seven States had seceded prior to his taking office, ignored Fort Sumter, alleged the existence of</p><p>lawlessness and rebellion on the part of some of the people in seven States, and inferred that the</p><p>northern States were somehow in harm’s way. The Proclamation was set in legal language to circumvent</p><p>the authority vested in the Federal House and Senate to declare war, and to suppress the notion that the</p><p>Confederacy even existed. Instead of naming the Confederacy, he called his adversary, “combinations</p><p>too powerful to be suppressed by the ordinary course of judicial proceedings.”</p><p>In his proclamation Abe Lincoln had totally ignored the action of his fleet of warships and the</p><p>Confederate eviction of the Federal regiment from Fort Sumter. To have done so would have required</p><p>that he admit that 7 States had seceded and formed a new nation, that the States into which he was</p><p>dispatching militiamen were actually members of a peaceful foreign nation.</p><p>(Abe Lincoln’s First Shot Strategy, excerpted from Bloodstains, an Epic History of the Politics that</p><p>Produced the American Civil War,” Howard Ray White, 2011, pp. 38-43)</p><p>Union Ships Sent to Fort Sumter</p><p>[This is a second article regarding the vessels involved. It is included because of some further</p><p>information; no editing was used to remove redundant information]</p><p>Below are the particulars and their sources regarding Union ships sent to Fort Sumter after an agreement</p><p>had been reached between the United States Government and the Government of South Carolina. It is</p><p>clear that the Federal Government did not keep its promises to South Carolina regarding attempts to</p><p>reinforce, rearm and re-supply Sumter. Thus, when the Fort was fired upon by shore batteries, that</p><p>action was the result of long standing violations of Federal agreements and should be considered a</p><p>response to an act of war rather than the original act.</p><p>The armament of each ship comes from the Naval Historical Center. A list of the fleet and troops</p><p>embarked are derived from newspaper articles in the New York Times and the New York Herald.</p><p>http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archivefree/pdf?res=9904E0DA1230E134BC4053DFB266838A679FDE</p><p>http://digitalnewspapers.libraries.psu.edu/Default/Skins/BasicArch/Client.asp?Skin=BasicArch&&App</p><p>Name=2&enter=true&BaseHref=RCM/1861/04/08&EntityId=Ar00212</p><p>http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archivefree/pdf?res=9403EED81230E134BC4153DFB266838A679FDE</p><p>http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archivefree/pdf?res=9B02E0DA1230E134BC4053DFB266838A679FDE (The New York Herald)</p><p>The following list embraces the names, with armaments and troops, of the fleet dispatched from New</p><p>York and Washington to Charleston harbor, for the relief of Fort Sumter:</p><p>1. Vessels of War Steam sloop-of-war Pawnee, Captain S. C. Rowan, 10 guns and 200 men. The</p><p>Pawnee sailed from Washington, with sealed orders, on the morning of Saturday, April 6.</p><p>2- Steam sloop-of-war Powhatan, Captain E. D. Porter, 11 guns and 275 men. The Powhatan sailed</p><p>from the Brookyln Navy Yard on Saturday afternoon April 6.</p><p>3- Revenue cutter Harriet Lane, Captain J. Faunce, 5 guns and 96 men. On Saturday, April 6, the</p><p>Harriet Lane exchanged her revenue flag for the United States navy flag, denoting her transfer to the</p><p>Government naval service, and sailed suddenly on last Monday morning, with sealed orders.</p><p>4- The Steam Transports Atlantic, 358 troops, composed of Companies A and M of the Second</p><p>artillery, Companies C and H of the Second infantry, and Company A of sappers and miners from West</p><p>Point. The Atlantic sailed from the steam at 5 o'clock on Sunday morning last, April 7. Baltic, 160</p><p>troops, composed of Companies C and D, recruits, from Governor's and Bedloe's islands.</p><p>5- The Baltic sailed from Quarantine at 7o'clock on Tuesday morning last, April 9. Illinois, 300</p><p>troops, composed of Companies B, E, F, G and H, and a detachment from Company D, all recruits from</p><p>Governor's and Bedloe's Islands, together with two companies of the Second infantry, from Fort</p><p>Hamilton.</p><p>6- The Illinois sailed from Quarantine on Tuesday morning at 6 o'clock. The Steamtugs Two</p><p>steamtugs, with a Government official on each, bearing sealed dispatches, were also sent.</p><p>7- The Yankee left New York on Monday evening, 8th, and the Uncle Ben on Tuesday night. The</p><p>Launches Nearly thirty of these boats-whose services are most useful in effecting a landing of troops</p><p>over shoal water, and for attacking a discharging battery when covered with sand and gunny bags- have</p><p>been taken out by the Powhatan and by the steam transports Atlantic, Baltic and Illinois.</p><p>Recapitulation:</p><p>Vessels Guns Men Sloop-of-war Pawnee 10 200 Sloop-of-war Powhatan 11 275 Cutter Harriet Lane 5</p><p>96 Steam Transport Atlantic 353 Steam Transport Baltic 160 Steam Transport Illinois 300 Steamtug</p><p>Yankee Ordinary Crew Steamtug Uncle Ben Ordinary Crew Total number of vessels 8 Total number of</p><p>guns (for marine service) 26 Total number of men and troops 1,380 It is understood that several</p><p>transports are soon to be chartered, and dispatched to Charleston with troops and supplies.</p><p>(note: a Hartford Connecticut newspaper from early April 1861 states the following "…Davis</p><p>telegraphed to Charleston not to fire on any vessels entering the harbor merely for supplying Fort</p><p>Sumter with provisions". The particulars of that newspaper are unavailable at present, but it and the</p><p>article do exist. It is also by Commander Anderson’s own writings that we know that Sumter was not</p><p>“starving” or without the necessities of survival.</p><p>Who Owned Fort Sumter?</p><p>By Bernhard Theursam, Director, Cape Fear Historical Institute</p><p>Author Benjamin Franklin Grady makes clear below that South Carolina had not surrendered control of</p><p>Fort Sumter and other fortifications that guarded her from attack from the sea, a wise decision in light of</p><p>the quarter from which the enemy eventually came:</p><p>“This claim of property ‘belonging to the Government’ rested on a very weak foundation, as a brief</p><p>history of the terms on which the United States acquired their title to it will make clear. The States</p><p>conferred upon the Congress the power ‘to exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever…over</p><p>all the places purchased by the consent of the legislatures of the State in which the same shall be, for the</p><p>erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dockyards, and other needful buildings.’ While Mr. Jefferson was</p><p>Secretary of State, he wrote to the authorities of South Carolina, and advised that her Legislature consent</p><p>for the Congress to purchase certain lands. This was done, but exclusive jurisdiction was denied. The act</p><p>was passed December 12, 1795 (House Ex. Doc., Number 67, 2nd Session, 23d Congress) ‘to enable the</p><p>United States to purchase a quantity of land in this State, not exceeding two thousand acres, for arsenals</p><p>and magazines.’ And it provided, ‘that the said land, when purchased, and every person and officer</p><p>residing or employed thereon, whether in the service of the United States or not, shall be subject and</p><p>liable to the government of this State, and the jurisdiction, laws and authority thereof in the same</p><p>manner as if this act had never been passed; and that the United States shall exercise no more authority</p><p>or power within the limits of the said land, than they might have done pervious to the passing of this act,</p><p>or than may be necessary for the building, repairing, internal government of the arsenals and magazines</p><p>thereon to be erected, and the regulation and management of the same, and of the officers and persons</p><p>by them to be employed in or about the same.’ But there was a proviso that the land should not be taxed</p><p>by the State.</p><p>“But this act did not transfer from the State her title to the forts and other defensive works in Charleston</p><p>Harbor, which she built during the Revolution. The transfer was made by an act passed in 1805, to</p><p>which the following proviso was added: ‘That, if the United States shall not, within three years from the</p><p>passing of this act…repair the fortifications as may be deemed most expedient, etc., on the same, and</p><p>keep a garrison or garrisons therein; in such case this grant or cession shall be void and of no effect.’</p><p>“This proviso was disregarded by the United States, the defensive works, including Fort Moultrie, were</p><p>neglected for years, and Fort Sumter was not commenced till 1829. According to all the laws of justice,</p><p>therefore, the title to the property reverted to the State, and the repairing and building were carried on</p><p>solely by the sufferance of the State. Thus it is clear to anybody who respects the laws governing</p><p>property titles that the United States occupied the defensive works in the harbor of Charleston without</p><p>any legal rights of ownership; and since the money spent in building came out of the pockets of the</p><p>people of all the States, it cannot be disputed that whatever equitable rights were acquired belonged to</p><p>the seceded States as well as to the others. And it is equally clear that South Carolina never surrendered</p><p>her sovereignty over the sites of the forts and other defensive works.”</p><p>Note: Neither South Carolina nor any other State was paid anything out of the Federal Treasury to</p><p>reimburse her for her expenses incurred in erecting defensive works in her harbors during the</p><p>Revolution, nor for cessions of State lands.—See Act of March 20, 1794) (The Case of the South</p><p>Against the North, B.F. Grady, Edwards & Broughton, 1899, pp. 286-288)</p><p>South Carolina Takes Back Her Fort</p><p>By John C. Whatley, Editor, and Chairman, Education/History Committee</p><p>It is a principle of law that you can donate your property for any purpose to the government. Many</p><p>people donate property for public parks, or for walkways, or for historical memorials. This voluntary</p><p>donation is in stark contrast to eminent domain, in which the government takes your property for “public</p><p>interest”.</p><p>Along with a voluntary donation comes the right to attach all sorts of conditions to the donation. The</p><p>granite mass known as Stone Mountain remains property of the State of Georgia “so long as it is used as</p><p>a Confederate monument”. Once it is no longer used for such purpose, it reverts [goes back] to the</p><p>Venable family. There appears to be no time limit to this, since a piece of property donated in the 1400s</p><p>“so long as it is used as a pub” reverted to the donating family when the City of London condemned the</p><p>entire neighborhood for “public interest” and discovered that they had to deal with the family for that</p><p>particular piece of property.</p><p>Another condition attached to a donation of property to the government is known legally as a “life</p><p>estate”. The person donating the property is thus allowed to live on the property for life and at his or her</p><p>death the property becomes fully vested in [owned by] the government. Now that you know this, what</p><p>would you think of an agreement between the State of South Carolina and the Federal Government for</p><p>the latter to build a fort on South Carolina’s property and retain that property “so long as it is used as a</p><p>fort”? If the United States abandoned building a fort there, would the property revert to South</p><p>Carolina?</p><p>South Carolina in 1805 (Statutes at Large, Volume V, p. 501) provided as follows in regard to the</p><p>cessions in Charleston Harbor: “That, if the United States shall not, within three years from the passing</p><p>of this act, and notification thereof by the governor of this State to the Executive of the United States,</p><p>repair the fortifications now existing thereon, or build such other forts or fortifications as may be</p><p>deemed most expedient by the Executive of the United States on the same, and keep a garrison or</p><p>garrisons therein, in such case this grant or cession shall be void and of no effect.”</p><p>So, South Carolina put a stipulation on its donation of property to the United States, that if the United</p><p>States did not complete the fort within three years, or garrison what was there, the grant was “void and</p><p>of no effect”. Not only was Fort Sumter not completed within the three-year period, but it also was not</p><p>completed by 1861, nor had it ever been garrisoned. The United States was thus in breach of contract,</p><p>and South Carolina had every right and expectation of the reversion of the Fort Sumter property to the</p><p>State of South Carolina.</p><p>Of course, by this time, the United States had no need of coastal forts. The British during the War of</p><p>1812, with its superiority of ships, had landed troops at will on the coast of America, but they were now</p><p>allies and no sea born attack was anticipated. So the United States abandoned the coastal fort program,</p><p>the last to be built being Fort Pulaski defending the Savannah River. Since the United States also had a</p><p>great fleet of warships, they felt the navy could defend America whenever needed, so coastal forts were</p><p>no longer needed. The program was greatly curtailed and most of the forts that had been built had mere</p><p>caretakers.</p><p>Not much is made about this, and the historically illiterate (or most of the dumb masses) think Fort</p><p>Sumter was owned by the Federal Government when the WBTS began. Amazingly, everyone just</p><p>assumes this is so. So when South Carolina demanded the surrender by the invading Federals of her fort,</p><p>the historically illiterate think the later bombardment of Fort Sumter was South Carolina attacking a</p><p>United States fort. It wasn’t; the fort and the property it sat on had reverted to the State of South</p><p>Carolina.</p><p>In the Confederate Veteran, September 1926, page 325, an interesting comment is made: Paul Graham</p><p>of Columbia, South Carolina, reminds us that “when Major Anderson transferred his garrison from Fort</p><p>Moultrie ... [he] occupied a piece of property that the United States had not the vestige of a right to</p><p>occupy, and which was under the ownership, jurisdiction, and sovereignty of the State of South Carolina</p><p>exclusively. “In other words, he invaded the State of South Carolina with his troops – unwittingly, it is</p><p>true, and on orders, but in fact, at any rate. Adverse possession even could not lie here in behalf of the</p><p>United States, since the United States had not garrisoned it.”</p><p>A Fort on South Carolina's Sovereign Soil</p><p>When foreign troops occupy your land and sufficient warning given, a sovereign State will expel them.</p><p>"The ultimate ownership of the soil, or eminent domain, remains with the people of the State in which it</p><p>lies, by virtue of their sovereignty."</p><p>Bernhard Thuersam, Cape Fear Historical Institute</p><p>Wilmington, NC</p><p>www.CFHI.net <http://www.CFHI.net></p><p>“For well over one hundred years, uninformed and liberal historians and others have charged South</p><p>Carolina with starting the Civil War when the shore batteries at Charleston fired on the Federally-held</p><p>Fort Sumter in the bay. These writers have stated that this fort was the property of the federal</p><p>government. This statement is false.</p><p>On March 24, 1794, the US Congress passed an act to provide for the defense of certain ports and</p><p>harbors of the United States. The sites of forts, arsenals, navy yards and other public property of the</p><p>federal government were ceded or assigned by the States within whose limits they were, and subject to</p><p>the condition, either expressed or implied, that they should be used solely and exclusively for the</p><p>purpose for which they were granted. The ultimate ownership of the soil, or eminent domain, remains</p><p>with the people of the State in which it lies, by virtue of their sovereignty.</p><p>South Carolina, in 1805 by legislative enactment, ceded to the United States in Charleston Harbor and</p><p>on the Beaufort River, various forts and fortifications and sites for the erection of forts. The</p><p>Commonwealth of Massachusetts enacted the same in its legislature in 1836. New York State, in</p><p>granting the use of the site for the Brooklyn Navy Yard says: “The United States are to retain such use</p><p>and jurisdiction so long as said tract shall be applied to the defense and safety of the city and port of</p><p>New York and no longer…” The cession of the site of Watervliet Arsenal was made on the same terms.</p><p>It has been said by many historians that these sites were purchased outright by the federal government.</p><p>This is also false. The Act of 1794 clearly states, “that no purchase shall be made where such lands are</p><p>the property of the State.”</p><p>When General George B. McClellan and his federal army of 112,000 men landed on the tip of the</p><p>Virginia peninsula April12, 1862 and occupied Fortress Monroe, this action verified the Southern charge</p><p>of Northern aggression. A State withdrawing from the union would necessarily assume the control</p><p>theretofore exercised by the general government over all public defenses and other public property</p><p>within her limits. The South, on the verge of withdrawal (from the union) had prepared to give adequate</p><p>compensation to an agent of the Northern government for the forts and other public works erected on the</p><p>land. Therefore, three commissioners from South Carolina, one from Georgia, and one from Alabama</p><p>were sent to Washington to negotiate for the removal of federal garrisons from Southern forts.</p><p>The commissioners, all prominent men, were Messrs. Robert W. Barnwell, James H. Adams, and James</p><p>L. Orr of South Carolina; Martin Crawford of Georgia, and John Forsythe of Alabama, and arrived in</p><p>Washington on the 5th of March. On March 12th they addressed an official communication to Mr.</p><p>(William) Seward, Secretary of State, explaining their functions and their purpose. Mr. Seward declined</p><p>to make any formal recognition of the commissioners, but assured them in verbal conferences of the</p><p>determination of the government at Washington to evacuate Fort Sumter; of the peaceful intentions of</p><p>the government, and that no changes in the status prejudicially to the Confederate States were in</p><p>contemplation; but in the event of any change, notice would be given to the commissioners. The</p><p>commissioners waited for a reply to their official communication until April 8th, at which time they</p><p>received a reply dated March 15th by which they were advised that the president had decided not to</p><p>receive them, nor was he interested in any proposals they had to offer. During this time the cabinet of</p><p>the Northern government had been working in secrecy in New York preparing an extensive military and</p><p>naval expedition to reinforce the garrison at Fort Sumter in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina.</p><p>As they had tried to deceive the people of the North and South in January 1861 with the Star of the West</p><p>(expedition to Sumter), loaded with troops and ammunition, the radical Republicans again advised the</p><p>press that this mission was also a mission of mercy for the garrison of Fort Sumter, and on April 7th the</p><p>expedition set sail southward bound loaded with troops and arms. At 2PM, April 11, 1861, General</p><p>Beauregard demanded that Major Anderson of Fort Sumter evacuate the works, which Anderson refused</p><p>to do. At a little after 3AM, General Beauregard advised Major Anderson that “in one hour’s time I will</p><p>open fire.” At 4:40AM, from Fort Johnson the battery opened on Fort Sumter, which fire was followed</p><p>by the batteries of Moultrie, Cummings Point and the floating battery.</p><p>At this time a part of the federal naval force had arrived at the Charleston bar, but strange to say, Captain</p><p>Fox, after hearing the heavy guns of the bombardment decided that his government did not expect any</p><p>gallant sacrifices on his part, and took no part in the battle. On April 13 after the Confederate guns had</p><p>reduced Sumter to a smoking heap of ruin, Major Anderson surrendered, with no loss of life on either</p><p>side.</p><p>“On one side of the conflict was the South led by the descendants of the Cavaliers, who with all their</p><p>faults had inherited from a long line of ancestors a manly contempt for moral littleness, a high sense of</p><p>honor, a lofty regard for plighted faith, a strong tendency for conservatism, a profound respect for law</p><p>and order, and an unfaltering loyalty to constitutional government.”</p><p>Against the South was arrayed the power of the North, dominated by the spirit of Puritanism which, with</p><p>all its virtues, has ever been characterized by the pharisaism which worships itself, and is unable to</p><p>perceive any goodness apart from itself, which has ever arrogantly held its ideas, its interests, and its</p><p>will, higher than fundamental law and covenanted obligations; which has always “lived and moved and</p><p>had its being, in rebellion against constituted authority.”</p><p>The Reverend R.C. Cave, 1894 (Land of the Golden River, Vol. II, Lewis P. Hall, Hall’s Enterprises,</p><p>1980)</p><p>Remembering Fort Sumter:</p><p>Perhaps a word should be inserted here as to which side was the aggressor in this historic conflict. Who</p><p>bears the guilt of starting the war? The North has sought to lay this stigma upon the South since we</p><p>fired the first shot. But the courts (and common sense as well) have decreed that the aggressor is not the</p><p>one who strikes the first blow, but the one who makes that blow necessary. The ground on which Fort</p><p>Sumter stood had been lent to the Federal Government by the State of South Carolina for the erection of</p><p>a fort to guard its chief harbor, but when South Carolina withdrew from the Union, the property</p><p>automatically reverted to the State. Morally and legally, the first blow was not struck at Charleston, but</p><p>when this fleet with hostile intent weighed anchor in the harbor of New York. Hence the guilt of</p><p>aggression lies at the door of the Federal government at Washington. (See Stephens History of the US,</p><p>pp. 421-429)</p><p>(Some Things For Which the South Did Not Fight, Henry Tucker Graham, 1946)</p><p>Major Anderson's Actions at Fort Moultrie</p><p>Below is an account of the actions of Major Anderson at Fort Moultrie. It is obvious by these actions</p><p>that Anderson was aware of the intention of his government to wage war against South Carolina and</p><p>those states that had seceded with her. This must be considered in light of what were ongoing</p><p>“arrangements” between President Buchanan and the representatives of South Carolina that there would</p><p>be no actions taken by either side of a warlike nature. Obviously, as Buchanan was still in office at the</p><p>time of these actions by Anderson, the US military was no longer under the command of the supposed</p><p>Commander-in-Chief, the President. This, of course, is obvious also by virtue of General Scott’s sending</p><p>the Star of the West with 200 men secreted aboard to reinforce Sumter. So the war began in the North</p><p>before the South was even aware that it had been initiated.</p><p>“Christmas day dawned upon Major Anderson under these circumstances, and bound by these</p><p>instructions. He accepted an invitation to dinner in Charleston. Returning to his post, under cover of the</p><p>night and the prevailing hilarity, he removed his force from Fort Moultrie to Fort Sumter, and placed his</p><p>little band where he could assert and maintain for a time the authority of the government and uphold its</p><p>flag. Major Anderson had kept his secret well, and did his work thoroughly. During the day the wives</p><p>and children of the troops were sent away, on the plea that an attack might be made on that an attack</p><p>might be made on fort Moultrie. Three small schooners were hired, and the few inhabitants of Sullivan’s</p><p>Island saw them loaded, as they thought, with beds, furniture and baggage. About nine in the evening</p><p>the men were ordered to hold themselves in marching order, with knapsacks packed. No one seemed to</p><p>know the reason of the movement, and their destination was only confided by Major Anderson to his</p><p>second in command. The little garrison was paraded, inspected and then embarked in boats and taken to</p><p>Fort Sumter, the schooners carrying the provisions, garrison furniture, and munitions of war. What could</p><p>not be removed was destroyed. Not a pound of powder or a cartridge was left in the magazine. The</p><p>small-arms and military supplies of very kind were removed, guns spiked, and their carriages burned.</p><p>The unfinished additions and alterations of the work were destroyed. The flag-staff was cut down, that</p><p>no banner with strange device should occupy the place of the stars and stripes; in fact, nothing was left</p><p>unharmed except the heavy round shot, which were temporarily rendered useless by the dismounting</p><p>and spiking of all the guns.”</p><p>History of the Flag of the United States by George Henry Preble, Rear Admiral, USN - (Copyright</p><p>1880)</p><p>Buchanan's Role in Initiating War</p><p>Often overlooked in the run-up to the bombardment of Fort Sumter (April 12th) is the Star of the West</p><p>relief expedition sent by President James Buchanan in January, 1861, and allowing Major Anderson to</p><p>seize Fort Sumter. Below, Buchanan's Attorney General, Jeremiah Black of Pennsylvania, takes him to</p><p>task later that year on his own actions in fomenting war upon Americans in South Carolina. Buchanan</p><p>seemed to believe the fiction that Lincoln had to "defend the country against dismemberment," a</p><p>presidential power which is not found in the Constitution. As each State voluntarily acceded to the</p><p>compact, each State could voluntarily secede from the compact; a sovereign right as embodied in</p><p>Jefferson's Declaration of Independence.</p><p>Bernhard Thuersam, Cape Fear Historical Institute</p><p>Wilmington, NC</p><p>www.CFHI.net <http://www.CFHI.net></p><p>"(Former President James) Buchanan had firmly endorsed the war policy since the attack on Fort Sumter</p><p>and in September, 1861, sent a letter to a Democratic political meeting in Chester County</p><p>(Pennsylvania). He emphasized in this message that the war would have to be loyally sustained until the</p><p>bitter end and urged the Democrats to stop wasting their time on a futile demand for peace proposals.</p><p>The minute he saw this letter, (Jeremiah) Black wrote:</p><p>"Your endorsement of Lincoln's policy will be a very serious drawback upon the defense of your own. It</p><p>is vain to think that the two administration can be made consistent. The fire upon the Star of the West</p><p>was as bad as the fire on Fort Sumter; and the taking of Fort Moultrie & Pinckney was worse than either.</p><p>If this war is right and politic and wise and constitutional, I cannot but think you ought to have made it. I</p><p>am willing to vindicate the last administration...but I cant do it on the ground which you now occupy."</p><p>"...Buchanan would not agree with Black that there was anything but a superficial similarity between the</p><p>threatening incidents at the end of his Administration and the sustained bombardment of Fort Sumter on</p><p>April 12. He also disagreed with Black's view that the war itself was unconstitutional, that Lincoln</p><p>started it, and that it ought to be stopped as soon as possible by a negotiated peace. "...As to my course</p><p>since the wicked bombardment of Fort Sumter," he told Black, "it is but a regular consequence of my</p><p>whole policy towards the seceding States. They had been informed over and over again by me what</p><p>would be the consequence of an attack upon it. They chose to commence civil war, & Mr. Lincoln had</p><p>no alternative but to defend he country against dismemberment. I certainly should have done the same</p><p>thing had they begun the war in my time, & this they well knew."</p><p>(President James Buchanan, A Biography, Philip S. Klein, American Political Biography Press, 1962,</p><p>pp. 416-417)</p><p>Mr. Toombs on Fort Sumter</p><p>As Mr. Toomb's represents below in 1861, it was common knowledge that Lincoln and Seward were</p><p>well into preparations for war upon their fellow Americans who desired peace, and a government by the</p><p>consent of the governed.</p><p>Bernhard Thuersam, Cape Fear Historical Institute</p><p>Wilmington, NC</p><p>www.CFHI.net <http://www.CFHI.net></p><p>From Mr. Toombs, Secretary of State, CSA, April 24, 1861:</p><p>(to Hon. W.L. Yancy, P. Rost, Dudley Mann, Commissioners of the Confederate States)</p><p>When you left this city (Montgomery) you were aware that Commissioners from this government had</p><p>been sent to Washington with the view to open negotiations with the government of the United States</p><p>for the peaceful settlement of all matters in controversy, and for the settlement of relations of amity and</p><p>good will between the two countries. They promptly made known to the Administration at Washington</p><p>the object of their mission; gave the most explicit assurance that it was the earnest desire of the</p><p>President, Congress, and the people of the Confederate States to preserve peace; that they had no</p><p>demand to make which was not founded on the strictest justice, and that they had no wish to do any act</p><p>to injure their late confederates, (and) they did not press their demand for a formal reception or a</p><p>recognition of the independence of the Confederate States. So long as moderation and forbearance were</p><p>consistent with the honor and dignity of their government, they forebore from taking any steps which</p><p>could possibly add to the difficulties by which the Cabinet of Mr. Lincoln was beset.</p><p>(They) received the most positive assurances from Mr. Seward that the policy of his government was</p><p>peace; that Fort Sumter would be evacuated immediately; that Fort Pickens would soon be abandoned;</p><p>that no measure was contemplated “to change the existing status of things prejudicially to the</p><p>Confederate States;” and that, if any change were resolved upon, due notice would be given to the</p><p>Commissioners.</p><p>Incredible as it may seem, it is nevertheless perfectly true that while the Government of the United</p><p>States was thus addressing the Confederate States with words of conciliation and promises of peace, a</p><p>large naval and military expedition was being fitted out by its order for the purpose of invading our soil</p><p>and imposing on us an authority which we have forever repudiated, and which it was well known we</p><p>would resist to the last extremity.</p><p>Having knowledge that a large fleet was expected hourly to arrive at Charleston harbor with orders to</p><p>force and entrance and attempt to victual and reinforce the fortress, and that the troops of the</p><p>Confederate States would be thus exposed to a double attack, General Beauregard had no alternative left</p><p>but to dislodge the enemy and take possession of the fort, and thus command absolutely all the</p><p>approaches to the port of Charleston, so that the entrance of a hostile fleet would be almost impossible.”</p><p>(Messages and Papers of the Confederacy, 1861-1865, James D. Richardson, Editor, US Publishing</p><p>Company, pp. 13-16)</p><p>Witnessing the Bombardment, April 12th</p><p>Like many North Carolinians, Alfred Moore Waddell, editor of the Wilmington Daily Herald, was a</p><p>"Union" man before open hostilities commenced in 1861. He supported John Bell of Tennessee and</p><p>Edward Everett of Massachusetts for the presidential ticket in 1860, but patriotically supported North</p><p>Carolina's defense and self-determination after secession on May 20th. The following is drawn from</p><p>www.cfhi.net <http://www.cfhi.net> "Alfred Moore Waddell, Enlightened Wilmingtonian."</p><p>Bernhard Thuersam, Cape Fear Historical Institute</p><p>Wilmington, NC</p><p>www.CFHI.net <http://www.CFHI.net></p><p>"On the evening of April 10, 1861, the telegraph operator at the Wilmington office confidentially</p><p>communicated to me at the (Wilmington Daily) Herald office a telegram that had just passed through</p><p>from General Beauregard to Jefferson Davis at Richmond, saying that he would open fire on Fort</p><p>Sumter at 4 a.m., if Major Anderson refused to surrender. Thereupon I hurried to the old "Manchester</p><p>Depot" opposite to the Market Street dock on the other side of the (Cape Fear) river, and caught the train</p><p>for Charleston as it was passing out. I described the trip to a New York audience in 1878 in the</p><p>following brief sentences:</p><p>"I shall never forget that, after a night of great anxiety, and when about twenty miles from the city, just</p><p>as the first grey streaks began to lighten the eastern sky, and when the silent swamps were wakened only</p><p>by the rumble of the train, there was distinctly heard a single dull, heavy report like a clap of distant</p><p>thunder, and immediately following it at intervals of a minute or two, that peculiar measured throb of</p><p>artillery which was then so new, but afterwards became so familiar to our ears. The excitement on the</p><p>train at once became intense, and the engineer, sympathizing with it, opened his valves, and giving free</p><p>rein to the iron horse, rushed us with tremendous speed into the historic city.</p><p>Springing from the train and dashing through the silent streets we entered our hotel, ascended to the</p><p>roof, and here I experienced sensations which never before or since have been mine. As I stepped into</p><p>the cupola and looked out upon that splendid harbor, there in the center of its gateway to the sea, half</p><p>wrapped in the morning mist, lay Sumter, and high above its parapets, fluttering in the morning breeze</p><p>floated proudly and defiantly the stars and stripes. In a moment afterwards just above it there was a</p><p>sudden red flash, and a column of smoke, followed by an explosion, and opposite on James Island, a</p><p>corresponding puff floated away on the breeze, and I realized with emotion indescribable that I was</p><p>looking upon a civil war among my countrymen."</p><p>(Some Memories of My Life, Alfred Moore Waddell, Edwards & Broughton Printing, 1908, pp. 53-54)</p><p>Deception Leads to War on April 12th</p><p>It takes little reading to discover the duplicity of Lincoln and Seward as they misled the Southern</p><p>commissioners sent to negotiate agreements between the two countries. Judge John A. Campbell was a</p><p>respected Supreme Court Justice who tried honestly to facilitate peaceful relations between North and</p><p>South, but was deceived by those leading the war party of the North.</p><p>After Buchanan's failed Star of the West mission to resupply Sumter in January, Lincoln tried the same</p><p>in early April with troops hidden beneath decks to reinforce Sumter while promising to maintain the</p><p>peaceful status quo.</p><p>Bernhard Thuersam, Cape Fear Historical Institute</p><p>Wilmington, NC</p><p>www.CFHI.net <http://www.CFHI.net></p><p>Judge Campbell to the President of the Confederate States.</p><p>Montgomery, Alabama, May 7, 1861</p><p>"Sir: I submit to you two letters that were addressed by me to the Hon. W. H. Seward, Secretary of State</p><p>of the United States, that contain an explanation of the nature and result of an intervention by me in the</p><p>intercourse of the commissioners of the Confederate States with that officer. I considered that I could</p><p>perform no duty in which the entire American people, whether of the Federal Union or of the</p><p>Confederate States, were more interested than that of promoting the counsels and the policy that had for</p><p>their object the preservation of peace. This motive dictated my intervention.</p><p>Besides the interview referred to in these letters, I informed the Assistant Secretary of State of the</p><p>United States (not being able to see the Secretary) on the 11th April, ultimo, of the existence of a</p><p>telegram of that date, from General Beauregard to the commissioners, in which he informed the</p><p>commissioners that he had demanded the evacuation of Sumter, and if refused he would proceed to</p><p>reduce it. On the same day, I had ben told that President Lincoln had said that none of the vessels sent to</p><p>Charleston were war vessels, and that force was not to be used in the attempt to resupply the Fort. I had</p><p>no means of testing the accuracy of this information; but offered that if the information was accurate, I</p><p>would send a telegram to the authorities at Charleston, and it might prevent the disastrous consequences</p><p>of a collision at that fort between the opposing forces. It was the last effort that I would make to avert</p><p>the calamities of war. The Assistant Secretary promised to give the matter attention, but I had no other</p><p>intercourse with him or any other person on he subject, nor have I had any reply to the letters submitted</p><p>to you."</p><p>Very respectfully,</p><p>John A. Campbell</p><p>To: General Davis, President of the Confederate States</p><p>(Messages and Papers of the Confederacy, James D. Richardson, US Publishing Company, 1906,</p><p>Volume I, pp. 97-98)</p><p>On the night of 26/27 December (1860), Major Robert Anderson…withdrew his small force from the</p><p>unfinished Fort Moultrie to Fort Sumter, the most defensible of the various posts scattered about the</p><p>harbor, spiking the guns and burning the gun carriages at Moultrie.</p><p>This surprise move greatly alarmed the public in South Carolina. It was the first federal act that could be</p><p>interpreted as overly hostile in intent, and it seemed to South Carolinians an act of bad faith, violating</p><p>their understanding of a tacit agreement with Washington to maintain a status quo until a political</p><p>settlement could be worked out by the delegates the State had sent there. Indeed, it was this act and not</p><p>the firing on Fort Sumter that South Carolinians regarded as the commencement of hostilities.”</p><p>(Carolina Cavalier, Clyde N. Wilson, Chronicles Press, 2002, page 137)</p><p>An "Insignificant" Military Engagement Has Horrific Consequences</p><p>At the time of the Fort Sumter crisis, precipitated by the Buchanan and Lincoln administrations, State</p><p>and Federal relations were primarily governed by a rational understanding of the sovereignty of the</p><p>States. A clear understanding of this guided South Carolina’s conduct, and the formal secession of</p><p>States’ from the fraternal union. The higher-law doctrine revolutionaries at the North had other ideas.</p><p>Bernhard Thuersam, Chairman,</p><p>North Carolina War Between the States Sesquicentennial Commission <http://www.ncwbts150.com></p><p>"The Official Website of the North Carolina WBTS Sesquicentennial"</p><p>Thus Fell Fort Sumter:</p><p>“The formal evacuation of the fort took place on the 14th, the garrison withdrawing with the honors of</p><p>war, and being transferred to one of the Federal vessels lying in the offing. A vast concourse of people</p><p>witnessed it from the shores of the harbor, and the waters of the bay were alive with boats and</p><p>sightseers. Thus fell Fort Sumter.</p><p>The means at the disposal of the Carolinians to reduce the fort, vigorously held, were totally inadequate.</p><p>Their breaching guns, necessarily placed at extreme range, were old-fashioned smooth-bores of light</p><p>caliber, save a rifled 12-dr., which for such a purpose was a mere toy. From their shells the casements of</p><p>the fort were a perfect protection. It is true their hot shots fired the wooden barracks on the terreplein of</p><p>the fort, and this, while burning, may have, as alleged, endangered the magazine, but the barracks soon</p><p>burned out. Endangered magazines are an incident of every siege, and their explosion within</p><p>beleaguered forts was no uncommon occurrence on both sides later in the war, and none were even</p><p>surrendered in consequence. It is true that [Major Robert] Anderson’s means of damaging his assailants,</p><p>sheltered behind epaulements, were as limited.</p><p>He had nothing but smooth-bores, firing round shot. But neither his ammunition nor commissariat was</p><p>exhausted when he surrendered. And photographs of the work taken at the time forbid the assertion that</p><p>its tenability was seriously impaired. The walls were injured nowhere; the projectiles of the nearest</p><p>batteries had given them the look of a bad case of smallpox, no more, and not a man had been killed on</p><p>either side when Anderson’s flag was furled.</p><p>No wonder that European spectators smiled at the bombardment and defense. It had to veteran eyes,</p><p>which saw only the patent facts, something of the characteristics of Chinese war. But the truth is the</p><p>doctrine of State Sovereignty, with its consequent State Rights, was not then the exploded heresy which</p><p>it has since become. Taught by the most venerated sages of the early republic, it had constituted the faith</p><p>of a large majority of the people, and shaped the course of the government almost uninterruptedly from</p><p>its inception. It was still a mighty, living influence, and gave the Carolinians the benefit of that morale</p><p>which is as potent in armies as is the nervous fluid in the human frame.</p><p>The whole course of the Federal Government toward the seceded States had been that of one who admits</p><p>a right but seeks to evade its consequences. The Northern press took no higher ground; and some of its</p><p>most influential exponents openly admitted the Southern view of the question. Mr. Lincoln, in the face</p><p>of his life-long advocacy of the principles relied upon by the secessionists, could find no higher ground</p><p>upon which to put his continued tenure of Sumter than its character as property—a character in which</p><p>the seceded State was more than willing to consider and account for it in an equitable distribution of</p><p>assets.</p><p>Major Anderson was himself a Democrat of the States’ Rights school, a Kentuckian by birth…[and] thus</p><p>situated [at Fort Sumter] with his orders, such as they were, emanating from the tricky and shuffling</p><p>demagogues who filled the high places at Washington...no wonder that he made only such a defense as</p><p>could by possibility warrant an honorable surrender.</p><p>Insignificant, however, as was the defense of Sumter and facile as was its reduction, in its results it was</p><p>an event of tremendous consequence. From that period what little statesmanship and reason had so far</p><p>marked the controversy, fled the field, and the baleful passions of civil strife were loosed for a four</p><p>years’ carnival of blood and ruthless destruction.”</p><p>(Memoirs of the War of Secession, Johnson Hagood, The State Company, 1910, pp. 33-34)</p><p>Fort Sumter from North Carolina</p><p>The following account of the excitement in Wilmington at the firing on Fort Sumter, April 12, 1861, is</p><p>taken from the North Carolina War Between the States Sesquicentennial website, www.ncwbts150.com</p><p>http://www.ncwbts150.com . Please visit this unique site frequently for a North Carolina perspective of</p><p>the conflict, and the sacrifices of North Carolina citizens in defense of their families, homes, towns and</p><p>State.</p><p>Bernhard Thuersam, Chairman North Carolina War Between the States Sesquicentennial Commission -</p><p>www.ncwbst150.com <http://www.ncwbst150.com</p><p>Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor Reacting to the Onset of War, Cape Fears Forts Occupied Again:</p><p>North Carolinians watched with interest as events unfolded in South Carolina, and immediately after</p><p>Fort Sumter fell, Governor John W. Ellis replied to the Secretary of War’s request for two regiments to</p><p>invade South Carolina with the following:</p><p>“I regard the levy of troops made by the administration for the purpose of subjugating the States</p><p>of the South as in violation of the Constitution and a gross usurpation of power. I can be no party</p><p>to this wicked violation of the laws of the country, and to this war upon the liberties of a free</p><p>people. You can get no troops from North Carolina.”</p><p>The Excitement in Wilmington:</p><p>James Sprunt’s “Chronicles of the Cape Fear” relate the response to Lincoln’s call for 75,000 volunteers</p><p>to invade South Carolina after Fort Sumter: “the whole of the Cape Fear section was fired, and with</p><p>scarcely an exception looked upon secession and war as the inevitable outcome. Rev. Prichard noted in</p><p>his diary entry of April 13th: “Fort Sumter bombarded all night! Every body is excited. War has</p><p>commenced; when will it end? Sumter surrendered unconditionally, by Major Anderson, commander!</p><p>Great rejoicing in Wilmington, flag raising, etc.”</p><p>Wilmington’s Secession Flag</p><p>The flag raising Rev. Prichard noted was no doubt the single white star on red background secession flag</p><p>of Wilmington. On 15 April he noted again the sense of alarm in the city:</p><p>“Lincoln’s proclamation received, saying he would order out 75,000 men to take the forts, etc.</p><p>Greatest excitement on the streets.”</p><p>Virginia seceded from the Union on April 17th, as did Arkansas on May 6th. On the following day in</p><p>Nashville, Tennessee declared independence from the United States and joined the</p><p>Confederacy. Governor Ellis did not wait for North Carolina’s official secession to put the State in a</p><p>strong defensive footing. The Legislature was called into special session on May 1st, prior to which</p><p>Governor Ellis directed the seizure of forts, arsenals and other federal property in the State. Fort Macon</p><p>at Beaufort was held by Captain Josiah Pender; The formation of military companies from across North</p><p>Carolina were offered to Governor Ellis, including Col. Alexander Murchison’s large company of free</p><p>blacks and slaves from Cumberland county, nearly 200 strong.</p><p>Governor John W. Ellis</p><p>On April 13th, Ellis telegraphed James Fulton at Wilmington to “Tell the Troops to await further orders,</p><p>hold themselves ready to move at shortest notice.” On April 15th Colonel Cantwell was telegraphed</p><p>from Goldsboro:</p><p>“I have recd the following---Hon. S.J. Person---Communicate orders to military of Wilmington</p><p>to take forts Caswell and Johnston without delay & hold them till further orders against all</p><p>comers. Signed, J.W. Ellis. I will be down at 7 o’clock & issue in his name necessary orders---</p><p>Notify the Captains. Answer. Sam’l J. Person.”</p><p>The Wilmington Daily Journal of April 15th announced from Headquarters 30th Regiment, North</p><p>Carolina Militia:</p><p>“The Officers and command of the Wilmington Light Infantry, German Volunteers, &</p><p>Wilmington Rifle Guards, are hereby ordered to notify their respective commands to assemble in</p><p>front of the Carolina Hotel at (blank) O’Clock fully armed and equipped, this afternoon. By</p><p>Order, Col. Jno. L. Cantwell. Jas. D. Radcliffe, Adgt.”</p><p>Carolina Hotel, Corner Market and Second Streets</p><p>Colonel Cantwell and his 30th North Carolina Militia were ordered on April 16th: “to take Forts</p><p>Caswell and Johnston without delay, and hold them until further orders against all comers.” Cantwell</p><p>left for the forts with Captain William Lord DeRossett’s Wilmington Light Infantry (WLI); Captain</p><p>Cornehlson’s German Volunteers, Captain Oliver Pendleton Mears Wilmington Rifle Guards, and the</p><p>Cape Fear Artillery of Major John J. Hedrick (under Captain James Stevenson as Hedrick was in</p><p>Raleigh obtaining supplies). The Wilmington Riflemen under the command of Captain M.M. Hankins</p><p>was held in reserve and guarded the city.</p><p>Cantwell’s force left the Market Street dock aboard the steamer W.W. Harllee with the transport</p><p>schooner Dolphin in tow. Arriving at Fort Johnston at 4PM, Sergeant O’Reilly surrendered the post to</p><p>Cantwell under protest, which was then occupied by the Cape Fear Artillery; and Sergeant Walker</p><p>surrendered Fort Caswell at 6:20PM to the control of Cantwell’s remaining forces. Walker was placed in</p><p>close confinement after “repeated attempts to communicate with his government.” The US Army</p><p>sergeants and their families were transported to nearby Smithville where Cantwell’s quartermaster was</p><p>ordered to provide them with temporary quarters.</p><p>Now under local military control, the forts were prepared for active and effective defense with guns</p><p>mounted and expanded fortifications. In his official report of 17 April, Colonel Cantwell noted that</p><p>seven 6-Pounder cannon were found dismounted and stored at Fort Johnston, which were then placed in</p><p>a new battery under the direction of Major James D. Radcliffe. At Fort Caswell, Cantwell reported “I</p><p>find this fortification in a dismantled, and almost defenceless condition, there being but two Guns</p><p>mounted (their carriages being unserviceable) and no other carriages to be had within the limits of the</p><p>State so far as I am informed.”</p><p><br /></p><p> William L. DeRosset Alexander H. Stephens Charles Pattison Bolles</p><p>Captain DeRosset’s WLI would soon be detached for work on a new battery at Confederate Point and</p><p>under the direction of Captain Charles Pattison Bolles. This would be Battery Bolles, and would grow</p><p>into the mammoth earthen Fort Fisher. Col. Cantwell would hold command of Fort Caswell until</p><p>transferred on July 20, 1861.</p><p>In his diary entry for April 22nd, Rev. Prichard had observed “Companies from the West and South</p><p>concentrating” in Wilmington.</p><p>On April 22, Vice President Alexander H. Stephens wrote upon reaching Richmond from Wilmington</p><p>that “we are on the eve of a tremendous conflict between the sections. North Carolina is in a blaze from</p><p>one extremity to the other. Yesterday, Sunday as it was, large crowds were assembled at all the stations</p><p>along the railroad—at Wilmington five thousand at least, the Confederate flag flying all over the city. I</p><p>had to make them a speech at all the places,—only a few words at some, and longer at others; at</p><p>Wilmington nearly half an hour.”</p><p>"Enlightened Wilmingtonian: Alfred Moore Waddell"</p><p>The following is taken from the Cape Fear Historical Institute’s “Enlightened Wilmingtonian: Alfred</p><p>Moore Waddell found at www.cfhi.net http://www.cfhi.net. Waddell learned of the upcoming</p><p>bombardment of Fort Sumter by telegraph on this day 150 years ago, took the steam ferry from the</p><p>Market Street dock across the Cape Fear River to the Manchester railroad depot on Eagles Island, near</p><p>the current battleship North Carolina location.</p><p>Bernhard Thuersam, Director</p><p>Cape Fear Historical Institute www.cfhi.net <http://www.cfhi.net</p><p>From Wilmington to Charleston on April 10, 1861:</p><p>North Carolina unionists like Waddell had earlier hoped for solutions to the secession crisis within the</p><p>Union, the same Union fought for by their patriot fathers and grandfathers. With President James</p><p>Buchanan's "Star of the West" expedition that not only illustrated disdain for South Carolina's regained</p><p>sovereignty, but also an aggressive policy of the federal government to coerce a State, those like</p><p>Waddell were convinced that there would be no hope of compromise in a sectional Lincoln</p><p>administration dominated by Northern industrial and abolitionist interests.</p><p>He witnessed the bombardment of Fort Sumter after rushing to the city of Charleston by train:</p><p>"On the evening of April 10, 1861, the telegraph operator at the Wilmington office confidentially</p><p>communicated to me at the (Wilmington Daily) Herald office a telegram that had just passed</p><p>through from General Beauregard to Jefferson Davis at Richmond, saying that he would open</p><p>fire on Fort Sumter at 4 a.m., if Major Anderson refused to surrender. Thereupon I hurried to the</p><p>old "Manchester Depot" opposite to the Market Street dock on the other side of the (Cape Fear)</p><p>river, and caught the train for Charleston as it was passing out. I described the trip to a New York</p><p>audience in 1878 in the following brief sentences:</p><p>"I shall never forget that, after a night of great anxiety, and when about twenty miles from the</p><p>city, just as the first grey streaks began to lighten the eastern sky, and when the silent swamps</p><p>were wakened only by the rumble of the train, there was distinctly heard a single dull, heavy</p><p>report like a clap of distant thunder, and immediately following it at intervals of a minute or two,</p><p>that peculiar measured throb of artillery which was then so new but afterwards became so</p><p>familiar to our ears.</p><p>The excitement on the train at once became intense, and the engineer, sympathizing with it,</p><p>opened his valves, and giving free rein to the iron horse, rushed us with tremendous speed into</p><p>the historic city. Springing from the train and dashing through the silent streets we entered our</p><p>hotel, ascended to the roof, and here I experienced sensations which never before or since have</p><p>been mine. As I stepped into the cupola and looked out upon that splendid harbor, there in the</p><p>center of its gateway to the sea, half wrapped in the morning mist, lay Sumter, and high above</p><p>its parapets, fluttering in the morning breeze floated proudly and defiantly the stars and stripes.</p><p>In a moment afterwards just above it there was a sudden red flash, and a column of smoke,</p><p>followed by an explosion, and opposite on James Island, a corresponding puff floated away on</p><p>the breeze, and I realized with emotion indescribable that I was looking upon a civil war among</p><p>my countrymen."</p><p>More on the Disposition of Sumter and Moultrie</p><p>By John C. Whatley</p><p>It is a principle of law that you can donate your property for any purpose to the government. Many</p><p>people donate property for public parks, or for walkways, or for historical memorials. This voluntary</p><p>donation is in stark contrast to eminent domain, in which the government takes your property for “public</p><p>interest.” Along with a voluntary donation comes the right to attach all sorts of conditions to the</p><p>donation. The granite mass known as Stone Mountain remains property of the State of Georgia “so long</p><p>as it is used as a Confederate monument”. Once it is no longer used for such purpose, it reverts [goes</p><p>back] to the Venable family. There appears to be no time limit to this, since a piece of property donated</p><p>in the 1400s “so long as it is used as a pub” reverted to the donating family when the City of London</p><p>condemned the entire neighborhood for “public interest” and discovered that they had to deal with the</p><p>family for that particular piece of property. Another condition attached to a donation of property to the</p><p>government is known legally as a “life estate”. The person donating the property is thus allowed to live</p><p>on the property for life and at his or her death the property becomes fully vested in [owned by] the</p><p>government.</p><p>Now that you know this, what would you think of an agreement between the State of South Carolina and</p><p>the Federal Government for the latter to build a fort on South Carolina’s property and retain that</p><p>property “so long as it is used as a fort”? If the United States abandoned building a fort there, would the</p><p>property revert to South Carolina? South Carolina in 1805 (Statutes at Large, Volume V, p. 501)</p><p>provided as follows in regard to the cessions in Charleston Harbor:</p><p>"That, if the United States shall not, within three years from the passing of this</p><p>act, and notification thereof by the governor of this State to the Executive of the</p><p>United States, repair the fortifications now existing thereon, or build such other</p><p>forts or fortifications as may be deemed most expedient by the Executive of the</p><p>United States on the same, and keep a garrison or garrisons therein, in such case</p><p>this grant or cession shall be void and of no effect."</p><p>So, South Carolina put a stipulation on its donation of property to the United States, that if the United</p><p>States did not complete the fort within three years, or garrison what was there, the grant was “void and</p><p>of no effect.” Not only was Fort Sumter not completed within the three-year period, but it also was not</p><p>completed by 1861, nor had it ever been garrisoned. The United States was thus in breach of contract,</p><p>and South Carolina had every right and expectation of the reversion of the Fort Sumter property to the</p><p>State of South Carolina. Of course, by this time, the United States had no need of coastal forts. The</p><p>British during the War of 1812, with its superiority of ships, had landed troops at will on the coast of</p><p>America, but they were now allies and no sea-born attack was anticipated. So the United States</p><p>abandoned the coastal fort program, the last to be built being Fort Pulaski defending the Savannah River.</p><p>Since the United States also had a great fleet of warships, they felt the navy could defend America</p><p>whenever needed, so coastal forts were no longer needed. The program was greatly curtailed and most</p><p>of the forts that had been built had mere caretakers. Not much is made about this, and the historically</p><p>illiterate (or most of the dumb masses) think Fort Sumter was owned by the Federal Government when</p><p>the WBTS began. Amazingly, everyone just assumes this is so. So when South Carolina demanded the</p><p>surrender by the invading Federals of her fort, the historically illiterate think the later bombardment of</p><p>Fort Sumter was South Carolina attacking a United States fort. It wasn’t; the fort and the property it sat</p><p>on had reverted to the State of South Carolina. Major Anderson and his troops were actually invading</p><p>South Carolina!</p><p>In the Confederate Veteran, September 1926, page 325, an interesting comment is made: Paul Graham</p><p>of Columbia, South Carolina, reminds us that “when Major Anderson transferred his garrison from Fort</p><p>Moultrie ... [he] occupied a piece of property that the United States had not the vestige of a right to</p><p>occupy, and which was under the ownership, jurisdiction, and sovereignty of the State of South Carolina</p><p>exclusively. “In other words, he invaded the State of South Carolina with his troops – unwittingly, it is</p><p>true, and on orders, but in fact, at any rate. Adverse possession even could not lie here in behalf of the</p><p>United States, since the United States had not garrisoned it.”</p><p>[Mr. Whatley is also the author of The Typical Georgia Confederate and The Typical South Carolina</p><p>Confederate]</p><p>Lincoln Has No Right to a Soldier in Fort Sumter:</p><p>The right of Americans to change their government with the consent of the governed is enshrined in the</p><p>Declaration of Independence, and even the abolitionists of the 1850’s admitted the right of the South to</p><p>depart the fraternal union and govern itself. But war would come after a newly-elected sectional</p><p>president did nothing to peacefully settle national differences, and seized control of the military.</p><p>Bernhard Thuersam, Chairman</p><p>North Carolina War Between the States Sesquicentennial Commission</p><p>www.ncwbts150.com http://www.ncwbts150.com</p><p>“The house of every man is his castle, and he may defend it to the death against all aggressors. When a</p><p>hostile hand is raised to strike a blow, he who is assaulted need not wait until the blow falls, but on the</p><p>instant may protect himself as best he can. And where constitutional rights of a people are in jeopardy, a</p><p>kindred right of self-defense belongs to them. Although revolutionary in its character, it is not the less a</p><p>right.</p><p>Wendell Phillips, abolitionist as he was, in a speech made at New Bedford on the 9th of April, 1861,</p><p>three days before the bombardment of Fort Sumter, fully recognized this right. He said: “Here are a</p><p>series of States girding the Gulf, who think that their peculiar institutions require that they should have a</p><p>separate government. They have a right to decide that question without appealing to you or me. A large</p><p>body of the people, sufficient to make a nation, have come to the conclusion that they will have a</p><p>government of a certain form. Who denies them the right? Standing with the principles of ’76 behind us,</p><p>who can deny them the right? What is a matter of a few millions of dollars or a few forts? It is a mere</p><p>drop in the bucket of the great national question. It is theirs as much as ours. I maintain, on the</p><p>principles of ’76, that Abraham Lincoln has no right to a soldier in Fort Sumter.”</p><p>Neither were the Southern men of ’61 fighting for money. And they too were deeply embittered, not</p><p>against a mother country, but against a brother country. The Northern people had published invectives of</p><p>the most exasperating character broadcast against the South in their speeches, sermons, newspapers and</p><p>books. The abolitionists had proceeded from words to deeds and were unwearied in tampering with the</p><p>slaves and carrying them off. The Southern people…could get no security that the provisions of the</p><p>Constitution would be kept either in letter or in spirit, and this they demanded as their right.</p><p>Devotion to their State first of all, a conviction of that paramount obligation—in case of any conflict of</p><p>allegiance—was due not to the Union but to the State, has been part of the political creed of very many</p><p>in the South ever since the adoption of the Constitution.</p><p>(Baltimore and the 19th of April, 1861, George William Brown, Johns Hopkins Press, 2001, pp. 26-28)</p><p>Abner Doubleday at Fort Sumter</p><p>By Richard Sheppard</p><p>In the Presidential election of November, 1860, Captain Abner Doubleday of the United States Army</p><p>cast his vote for Abraham Lincoln, the anti-slavery candidate. The forty-one-year-old Captain</p><p>Doubleday was living in the South, where slavery was an accepted institution, but he was a native of</p><p>New York State. He served as second-in-command at Fort Moultrie, which guarded the harbor of</p><p>Charleston, South Carolina. Captain Doubleday was delighted when Lincoln won the election; then</p><p>Doubleday was dismayed when the pro-slavery people of South Carolina refused to accept Lincoln as</p><p>their President. On December 20, 1860, South Carolina became the first Southern state to secede from</p><p>the United States; and Captain Doubleday suddenly found himself based on foreign soil, facing a</p><p>potential enemy in the state militia of the newly-independent "Republic of South Carolina." Governor</p><p>Francis Pickens of South Carolina demanded that the United States Army immediately surrender Fort</p><p>Moultrie to his state.</p><p>The commander of the fort, Major Robert Anderson, refused to leave Fort Moultrie, and vowed to</p><p>defend federal property by force, if necessary. Captain Doubleday heartily approved of his commander's</p><p>sentiment, although Fort Moultrie appeared to be indefensible. The fort's regular peacetime garrison</p><p>consisted of fewer than seventy artillerymen; a number sufficient to fire ceremonial salutes; and a small</p><p>brass band. Against this federal force, Governor Pickens could quickly field thousands of South Carolina</p><p>state militiamen. In addition to being outnumbered, the federal soldiers in Fort Moultrie were badly</p><p>situated to resist an attack by the people of South Carolina. Fort Moultrie had been designed to defend</p><p>Charleston against naval invasion, so its protective ramparts faced the sea. The landward side of the fort</p><p>was defended only by a low wall, which had been partly buried by drifting sand dunes, so that stray</p><p>cows often wandered over the dunes and into the fort. The dunes were dotted with summer cottages,</p><p>from which enemy riflemen might aim their weapons into the fort.</p><p>In consultations with his commanding officer, Major Robert Anderson, Captain Doubleday argued that</p><p>the best defense for Fort Moultrie would be an aggressive surprise attack. As a first step, Doubleday</p><p>proposed to burn down all the cottages behind the fort, to make certain that enemy snipers would never</p><p>occupy them. Next, Doubleday wanted to aim the fort's cannon at the nearby town of Moultrieville. If</p><p>the local civilians refused to recognize Abraham Lincoln as their President, then the United States Army</p><p>should level their town with cannonballs, Doubleday thought.</p><p>Major Robert Anderson was reluctant to use such severe measures. The major was a native of Kentucky.</p><p>He had until recently owned slaves and a plantation in Georgia. Although he was determined to loyally</p><p>perform his duties as an officer of the United States Army, Major Anderson was in no hurry to start a</p><p>civil war. He said, "In this controversy between the North and the South, my sympathies are entirely</p><p>with the South." Since Fort Moultrie seemed indefensible, Major Anderson decided to abandon it and</p><p>withdraw his garrison to Fort Sumter, a new bastion on an artificial island in Charleston Harbor. Fort</p><p>Sumter was still under construction. Workmen had not mounted all the guns or finished the barracks, but</p><p>the fort's brick-faced walls, over eight feet thick and fifty feet high, were in place. Surrounded by water,</p><p>the fort seemed ideally situated to resist attack by local infantry.</p><p>On the night of December 26, 1860, the federal soldiers secretly and stealthily evacuated Fort Moultrie.</p><p>Captain Abner Doubleday led the first company of soldiers who boarded small boats and rowed to Fort</p><p>Sumter, where they surprised a large camp of workmen. Captain Doubleday wrote, "As we ascended the</p><p>steps of the wharf, crowds of workmen rushed out to meet us, most of them wearing secession emblems.</p><p>One or two Union men among them cheered lustily, but the majority called out angrily, `What are these</p><p>soldiers doing here?'" Captain Doubleday formed his men, charged bayonets, and drove the workmen</p><p>back into the fort. He then seized the guard-room, which commanded the main entrance. Most of the</p><p>workmen, whose sympathies were secessionist, were fired and sent ashore, but some pro-Union</p><p>workmen were allowed to remain in the fort.</p><p>The next day, Governor Pickens of South Carolina denounced the movement of federal troops to Fort</p><p>Sumter as an act of aggression. In retaliation, the governor ordered his state militia to occupy Fort</p><p>Moultrie and aim its guns at Fort Sumter. The state militia also began planting batteries of artillery on</p><p>islands around Charleston Harbor, from where they could pour shot and shell into Fort Sumter. While</p><p>preparing to reduce Fort Sumter by bombardment, Governor Pickens also took steps to starve the fort's</p><p>garrison into submission. Deliveries of food and ammunition to the fort were prohibited, although the</p><p>regular mail boat was allowed to deliver letters and newspapers to the federal soldiers, and to carry</p><p>regular military dispatches to Washington.</p><p>Captain Abner Doubleday hoped that the United States Navy would soon send a fleet into the harbor to</p><p>relieve Fort Sumter, but officials in Washington were reluctant to take such aggressive action. Outgoing</p><p>President James Buchanan wanted to hand over an intact and peaceful Union to Abraham Lincoln, who</p><p>would take office on March 4, 1861. The Buchanan administration, hoping to strengthen Fort Sumter</p><p>without provoking South Carolina, decided to sneak supplies and reinforcements into Charleston Harbor</p><p>aboard an unarmed merchant ship. The steamer Star of the West. was secretly chartered to carry a party</p><p>of two hundred United States Army officers and men, with their arms and ammunition, from New York</p><p>to Fort Sumter. Although the voyage of the Star of the West was supposed to be a clandestine operation,</p><p>Southern spies learned every detail of the mission, and revealed the secrets to the press. In Fort Sumter,</p><p>Captain Doubleday read about the Star of the West and her mission in the Charleston newspapers.</p><p>Based on the timetable published in the newspapers, Captain Doubleday expected the relief ship to</p><p>arrive on January 9, 1861. He arose at dawn that morning and went to the parapet of Fort Sumter to</p><p>search for the Star of the West with his spyglass. He immediately saw the steamer approaching</p><p>Charleston Harbor, belching smoke from her straining engines. As Doubleday watched, a Rebel battery</p><p>on Morris Island, manned by cadets from the Citadel, fired a warning shot across the bows of the Star of</p><p>the West. The ship ignored this warning and continued steaming into the harbor. The cadets then opened</p><p>fire with deadly intent. Doubleday saw geysers of spay leaping alongside the ship as cannonballs</p><p>crashed into the sea. Eager to retaliate against the Rebel batteries, Captain Doubleday ran to Major</p><p>Anderson's quarters to ask permission to open fire. He found his commander still in bed. Major</p><p>Anderson listened to Captain Doubleday's report, then said, "Have the long roll beaten and post the men</p><p>at the parapet." Doubleday ran out, called the drummers, and had the alarm sounded. He later wrote, "It</p><p>took but a few minutes for men and officers to form at the guns in readiness for action." Major Anderson</p><p>must have felt that he was awakening to a nightmare. When he joined his men on the parapet, he could</p><p>see the Star of the West steaming toward Fort Sumter through a Rebel cannonade from Morris Island</p><p>and Fort Moultrie. The ship's crew was signaling with a large flag, requesting supporting fire from Fort</p><p>Sumter.</p><p>Unsure of what to do, Major Anderson hesitated. If he ordered his men to fire on the Rebel guns in Fort</p><p>Moultrie, he would be starting a civil war. If he held his fire, the Star of the West might be sunk because</p><p>of his failure to support her. Aboard the Star of the West, officers and men waited expectantly for Fort</p><p>Sumter to open fire. A correspondent for the New York Evening Post , who had accompanied the</p><p>expedition aboard the Star of the West, wrote in his notebook, "Why does not Major Anderson open fire</p><p>on the battery and save us? We look in vain for help. The American flag flies at Fort Sumter, and the</p><p>American flag at our bow and stern is fired upon, yet there is not the slightest recognition of our</p><p>presence from the fort we look to for protection." Finally, the captain of the Star of the West decided</p><p>that he could expect no help from Fort Sumter. He turned his ship and retreated back to sea. Two Rebel</p><p>cannonballs struck the Star of the West , but caused no injuries, before the ship escaped beyond range of</p><p>the hostile guns. In Fort Sumter, federal soldiers were crushing their hats in frustration. Captain</p><p>Doubleday had to use all his authority to prevent his men from firing in violation of their orders.</p><p>Doubleday felt that his commander had made a serious mistake in failing to retaliate for South</p><p>Carolina's attack on the Star of the West. Doubleday wrote, "It was plainly our duty to do all that we</p><p>could [to defend the ship.] For anything we knew to the contrary, she might have been in a sinking</p><p>condition [when she fled the harbor]. Had she gone down before our eyes, without an effort on our part</p><p>to aid her, Anderson would have incurred a fearful responsibility by his inaction."</p><p>In Washington, the Buchanan administration took a more tolerant view of Major Anderson's inaction.</p><p>Relieved that civil war had been averted, the administration ignored the whole incident. Meanwhile, on</p><p>his own initiative, Major Anderson decided to use economic pressure to retaliate against South Carolina.</p><p>The major announced that the port of Charleston would be closed to commercial shipping until</p><p>Governor Pickens apologized for the attack on the Star of the West. Captain Doubleday doubted that any</p><p>non-violent measures would restore South Carolina to the Union. His pessimism seemed confirmed as</p><p>other states joined South Carolina in secession. On February 10, 1861, six other states joined with South</p><p>Carolina to form the Confederate States of America. After that, Captain Doubleday felt that Major</p><p>Anderson was sinking into gloomy lethargy. "He then seemed to lose all interest in the Union,"</p><p>Doubleday wrote, "and merely desired to become a spectator of the contest, not an actor. His efforts</p><p>thenceforth were confined to making his fort secure against an assault. Hardly any amount of</p><p>provocation could induce him to become the assailant." On March 4, 1861, when Abraham Lincoln was</p><p>inaugurated as the sixteenth President of the United States, the men in Fort Sumter had one month's</p><p>supply of bread remaining. Major Anderson sent a letter to Washington, asking the new Lincoln</p><p>administration to either send a relief expedition, or else grant permission to surrender Fort Sumter to the</p><p>Confederates. Anderson hoped that the President would decide to surrender the fort.</p><p>By April 3, Anderson had not yet received an answer from the new administration. That day, a schooner</p><p>flying the American flag tried to enter Charleston Harbor, and was attacked by Confederate guns. The</p><p>vessel was a Yankee trader from Maine, bound for Savannah, Georgia, with a load of ice. The skipper</p><p>had blundered into the harbor at Charleston by mistake. Major Anderson held his fire as the schooner</p><p>escaped safely back to sea. Four days later, on April 7, Major Anderson finally received instructions</p><p>from the new Secretary of War, Simon Cameron. The secretary wrote that President Lincoln had</p><p>decided to send a relief expedition to reinforce and resupply Fort Sumter.</p><p>"You will hold out, if possible, till the arrival of the [relief] expedition," Secretary Cameron commanded</p><p>Major Anderson. "It is not, however, the intention of the President to subject your command to any</p><p>danger or hardship beyond what, in your judgment, would be usual in military life; and he has entire</p><p>confidence that you will act as becomes a patriot and a soldier, under all circumstances. Whenever, if at</p><p>all, in your judgment, to save yourself and your command, a capitulation becomes a necessity, you are</p><p>authorized to make it." In reply Anderson wrote, "We shall strive to do our duty, though I frankly say</p><p>that my heart is not in the war which I see is to be thus commenced. That God will still avert it, and</p><p>cause us to resort to pacific measures to maintain our rights, is my ardent prayer." After the bread ran</p><p>out on April 8, 1861, the men in Fort Sumter had nothing to eat but salt pork and water. On April 10,</p><p>Major Anderson received an ultimatum from Confederate Brigadier General Pierre Gustave Toutant</p><p>Beauregard, who had taken command of the Rebel forces around Charleston. Beauregard sent emissaries</p><p>to Fort Sumter to demand that Anderson immediately surrender or else face attack. After consulting with</p><p>his officers, who unanimously voted against surrender, Anderson rejected Beauregard's demand. As the</p><p>Confederate emissaries were leaving Fort Sumter, Major Anderson told them, "I will await the first shot,</p><p>and if you do not batter us to pieces, we shall be starved out in a few days anyway." After another day of</p><p>negotiations, General Beauregard informed Major Anderson that he intended to commence bombarding</p><p>Fort Sumter at dawn on April 12. On the evening of April 11, the men of Fort Sumter made their beds in</p><p>the "bombproof" casemates under the walls of the fort. Major Anderson instructed everyone to stay in</p><p>bed until reveille was sounded at the usual hour the next morning. Most of the Union soldiers were</p><p>therefore still in bed when the Confederate bombardment began at 4:30 a.m.</p><p>Captain Abner Doubleday was awakened by a Confederate cannonball that "seemed to bury itself in the</p><p>masonry about a foot from my head, in very unpleasant proximity to my right ear...In a moment the</p><p>firing burst forth in one continuous roar, and large patches of both the interior and the exterior masonry</p><p>began to crumble and fall in all directions....Nineteen batteries were now hammering at us, and the balls</p><p>and shells from the ten-inch columbiads, accompanied by shells from the thirteen-inch mortars which</p><p>constantly bombarded us, made us feel as if the war had commenced in earnest." The men arose as usual</p><p>at 6:30 and breakfasted on salt pork and water. Despite his scanty rations, Captain Doubleday admitted</p><p>to feeling "somewhat merry" at the prospect of finally striking a blow against slavery. Captain</p><p>Anderson, in contrast, was in a grim mood. Worried about potential casualties, he ordered his men to</p><p>man only the light cannon in the lower tier of casemates, where they would be relatively safe. Captain</p><p>Doubleday wrote: "As I was the ranking officer, I took the first detachment, and marched them to the</p><p>casemates, which looked out upon the powerful iron-clad battery of Cummings Point. "In aiming the</p><p>first gun fired against the rebellion I had no feeling of self-reproach, for I fully believed that the contest</p><p>was inevitable...To me it was simply a contest, politically speaking, as to whether virtue or vice should</p><p>rule." To his dismay, Captain Doubleday soon discovered that the light cannon he was firing could not</p><p>harm the Confederate fortifications. He wrote, "My first shot bounded off from the sloping roof of the</p><p>battery opposite without producing any apparent effect. It seemed useless to attempt to silence the guns</p><p>there; for our metal was not heavy enough to batter the work down, and every ball glanced harmlessly</p><p>off."</p><p>Hoping to do some damage to the enemy, Captain Doubleday asked permission to fire the heaviest guns</p><p>in Fort Sumter, which were mounted on top of the parapet. Major Anderson, however, felt that those</p><p>heavy guns should not be manned because they were exposed to enemy fire. He insisted that his men</p><p>should fire only the protected, lower tier of lightweight cannons. Captain Doubleday wrote, "I regretted</p><p>very much that the upper tier of guns had been abandoned, as they were all loaded and pointed, and were</p><p>of very heavy caliber. A wild Irish soldier, however, named John Carmody, slipped up on the parapet</p><p>and, without orders, fired the pieces there, one after another, on his own account. One of the ten-inch</p><p>balls so aimed made quite an impression on the Cummings Point battery; and if the fire could have been</p><p>kept up, it might possibly have knocked the iron-work to pieces."</p><p>As the battle raged, the men in Fort Sumter kept hoping to be rescued by a fleet of United States Navy</p><p>warships. President Lincoln had dispatched a fleet to save the fort, but due to secrecy and confusion</p><p>among the bureaucracies of Washington, the most powerful warships in the fleet sailed to the wrong</p><p>destinations. Several small Navy ships reached the approaches to Charleston Harbor on April 12, but</p><p>they lacked sufficient firepower to fight their way past the Confederate Forts. Unable to assist Fort</p><p>Sumter, they remained outside the harbor, watching the battle from a safe distance. Captain Doubleday</p><p>wrote: "The firing continued all day, without any special incident of importance, and without our</p><p>making much impression on the enemy's works. They had a great advantage over us, as their fire was</p><p>concentrated at the fort, which was in the center of a circle, while ours was diffused over the</p><p>circumference. Their missiles were exceedingly destructive to the upper exposed portion of the work,</p><p>but no essential injury was done to the lower casemates which sheltered us.</p><p>"Some of these shells, however, set the officers' quarters on fire three times; but the flames were</p><p>promptly extinguished..."The night was an anxious one for us, for we thought it probable that the</p><p>launches, filled with armed men from the fleet, might take advantage of the darkness to come in with</p><p>provisions and supplies. Then, too, it was possible that the enemy might attempt a night attack. We were</p><p>on the alert, therefore, with men stationed at all the embrasures; but nothing unusual occurred. The</p><p>batteries fired upon us at stated intervals all night long. We did not return the fire, having no ammunition</p><p>to waste. "On the morning of the thirteenth, we took our breakfast; or rather, our pork and water ; at the</p><p>usual hour, and marched the men to the guns when the meal was over.</p><p>"From 4 to 6:30 a.m. the enemy's fire was very spirited. From 7 to 8 a.m. a rainstorm came on, and there</p><p>was a lull in the cannonading. About 8 a.m. the officers' quarters were ignited by one of the enemy's</p><p>incendiary shells, or by a shot heated in the furnaces at Fort Moultrie. The fire was put out; but at 10</p><p>a.m. a mortar shell passed through the roof, and lodged in the flooring of the second story, where it</p><p>burst, and started the flames afresh. This, too, was extinguished; but the hot shot followed each other so</p><p>rapidly that it was impossible for us to contend with them any longer. It became evident that the entire</p><p>block, being built with wooden partitions, floors, and roofing, must be consumed, and that the magazine,</p><p>containing three hundred barrels of powder, would be endangered; for, even after closing the metallic</p><p>door, sparks might penetrate through the ventilator. The floor was covered with loose powder, where a</p><p>detail of men had been at work manufacturing cartridge bags out of old shirts, woolen blankets, etc.</p><p>"While the officers exerted themselves with axes to tear down and cut away all the woodwork in the</p><p>vicinity, the soldiers were rolling barrels of powder out to more sheltered spots, and were covering them</p><p>with wet blankets. The labor was accelerated by the shells which were bursting around us...We only</p><p>succeeded in getting out some ninety-six barrels of powder, and then we were obliged to close the</p><p>massive copper door, and await the result. A shot soon after passed through the intervening shield,</p><p>struck the door, and bent the lock in such a way that it could not be opened again. We were thus cut off</p><p>from our supply of ammunition, but still had some piled up in the vicinity of the guns...</p><p>"By 11 a.m. the conflagration was terrible and disastrous. One-fifth of the fort was on fire, and the wind</p><p>drove the smoke in dense masses into the angle where we had all taken refuge. It seemed impossible to</p><p>escape suffocation. Some lay down close to the ground, with handkerchiefs over their mouths, and</p><p>others posted themselves near the embrasures, where the smoke was somewhat lessened by the draught</p><p>of air. Everyone suffered severely. I crawled out of one of these openings, and sat on the outer edge; but</p><p>[the Confederates] made it hot for me with their case-shot, which spattered all around. Had not a slight</p><p>change of wind taken place, the result might have been fatal to most of us. "Our firing having ceased,</p><p>and the enemy being very jubilant, I thought it would be as well to show them that we were not all dead</p><p>yet, and ordered the gunners to fire a few rounds more. I heard afterward that the enemy loudly cheered</p><p>Anderson for his persistency under such adverse circumstances.</p><p>"The scene at this time was really terrific. The roaring and crackling of the flames, the dense masses of</p><p>whirling smoke, the bursting of the enemy's shells, and our own which were exploding in the burning</p><p>rooms, the crashing of the shot, and the sound of masonry falling in every direction, made the fort a</p><p>pandemonium. "When at last nothing was left of the building but the blackened walls and smoldering</p><p>embers, it became painfully evident that an immense amount of damage had been done. There was a</p><p>tower at each angle of the fort. One of these, containing great quantities of shells, upon which we had</p><p>relied, was almost completely shattered by successive explosions. The massive wooden gates, studded</p><p>with iron nails, were burned, and the wall built behind them was now a mere heap of debris, so that the</p><p>main entrance was wide open for an assaulting party. The sally-ports were in a similar condition, and the</p><p>numerous windows on the gorge side, which had been planked up, had now become open entrances."</p><p>Major Anderson had ordered his men to avoid firing at any target that was not clearly a military</p><p>installation. Captain Doubleday, in his eagerness to punish the Rebels, felt that his commander was</p><p>being overly finicky. Captain Doubleday wrote: "There was a large, first-class wooden hotel, near the</p><p>shore, on Sullivan's Island, called the Moultrie House. It was only kept open during the summer, and</p><p>was a favorite resort, for planters and others, to enjoy the fresh sea-breezes, and the beautiful drive to the</p><p>beach at low tide. Since the Rebel occupation of Fort Moultrie, this hotel had been used as a depot and</p><p>barracks for the troops in the vicinity. Just before the attack was made upon us, the Palmetto flag, which</p><p>had waved over the building, was taken down; but I noticed with a spyglass that there was still quite a</p><p>number of people, apparently troops, remaining in the house. I saw no reason why the mere lowering of</p><p>the flag should prevent us from firing at them. I therefore aimed two forty-two pounder balls at the</p><p>upper story. The crashing of the shot, which went right through the whole length of the building among</p><p>the clapboards and interior partitions, must have been something fearful to those within. They came</p><p>rushing out in furious haste, and tumbled over each other until they reached the bottom of the front</p><p>steps, in one writhing, tumultuous mass."</p><p>At 12:48 p.m. on April 13, the flagstaff of Fort Sumter was shot down, and the American flag fell.</p><p>Hoping that the fort was trying to surrender, a Confederate officer named Louis T. Wigfall, a former</p><p>United States Senator from Texas, decided to visit the fort to negotiate. Without bothering to obtain</p><p>authorization from his commander, General Beauregard, ex-senator Wigfall arrived unexpectedly at the</p><p>fort in a skiff rowed by two slaves. Sergeant James Chester described Wigfall's appearance at the fort as</p><p>follows: "It came the turn of one of the guns on the left face of the work to fire; we were now firing once</p><p>in five minutes; and as the cannoneer approached for the purpose of loading, he discovered a man</p><p>looking in at the embrasure. The man must have raised himself to the level of the embrasure by grasping</p><p>the sill with his hands. A short but lively altercation ensued between the man and the cannoneer, the man</p><p>pleading to be taken in lest he should be killed with his own shot and shell. He was hauled in,</p><p>Thompson, the cannoneer, first receiving his sword, to the point of which a white handkerchief was</p><p>attached...Once inside, the bearer asked to see Major Anderson. The major was soon on the spot and</p><p>opened the conversation by asking, "To what am I indebted for this visit?" The visitor replied, "I am</p><p>Colonel Wigfall, of General Beauregard's staff. For God's sake, Major, let this thing stop. There has</p><p>been enough bloodshed already." To which the major replied, "There has been none on my side, and</p><p>besides, your batteries are still firing on me." At which Wigfall exclaimed, "I'll soon stop that," and</p><p>turning to Thompson, who still held the sword under his arm, he said, pointing at the handkerchief,</p><p>"Wave that out there." Thompson then handed the sword to Wigfall, saying, in substance, "Wave it</p><p>yourself." Wigfall received back his sword and took a few steps toward the embrasure, when the major</p><p>called him back." After some discussion with ex-senator Wigfall, Major Anderson offered to surrender</p><p>on condition that he and his men be allowed to salute the flag before departing from the fort. Wigfall</p><p>agreed, and Major Anderson ordered a white bed-sheet to be raised above the parapet. When the</p><p>Confederate gunners saw this white flag, they ceased firing. Everyone except ex-senator Wigfall was</p><p>somewhat embarrassed when it turned out that he had exceeded his authority. The surrender had to be</p><p>renegotiated by Major Anderson and three properly-authorized Confederate officers from General</p><p>Beauregard's staff.</p><p>One of those Confederate officers, Stephen D. Lee, was astonished to learn that nobody in Fort Sumter</p><p>had been killed by the Confederate bombardment. Lee later described the scene inside the fort as</p><p>follows: "At this time the fire was still raging in the barracks and settling steadily over the</p><p>magazine...Many shells from the Confederate batteries, which had fallen in the fort and had not</p><p>exploded, as well as the hand grenades used for defense, were exploding as they were reached by the</p><p>fire. The wind was driving the heat and smoke down into the fort and into the casemates, almost causing</p><p>suffocation. Major Anderson, his officers, and his men were blackened by smoke and cinders, and</p><p>showed signs of fatigue and exhaustion, from the trying ordeal through which they had passed." During</p><p>the negotiations, one of the Confederate officers, mistaking a bottle of medicine for whiskey, helped</p><p>himself to a drink, and swallowed a lethal dose of poison. His life was saved when Fort Sumter's</p><p>surgeon applied a stomach pump. After this near-fatal accident, one of the other Confederate officers</p><p>remarked to Major Anderson that no Confederates had been wounded by fire from Fort Sumter. "Thank</p><p>God for that!" said Anderson. Captain Doubleday was annoyed by Anderson's remark. He later wrote,</p><p>"As the object of our fighting was to do as much damage as possible, I could see no propriety in</p><p>thanking Heaven for the small amount of damage we had inflicted."</p><p>Unfortunately, the defenders of Fort Sumter suffered some casualties the next day, April 14, 1861,</p><p>during the formal ceremony of surrender. They were firing their cannon in salutes to the American flag</p><p>when a cartridge exploded prematurely, setting fire to a pile of cartridges. One soldier was killed</p><p>outright, one was fatally wounded, and three others were badly hurt, creating a scene of carnage worse</p><p>than any that had occurred during the actual battle. On Monday morning Fort Sumter's defenders were</p><p>carried by a chartered steamer to the small United States Navy fleet that still lay anchored outside the</p><p>harbor. As the Union soldiers sailed past the Confederate battery at Cummings point, they were</p><p>astonished to receive a show of respect from the Rebel gunners, who lined the beach and silently</p><p>removed their hats as the federal soldiers sailed past.</p><p>Doubleday wrote, "When we reached New York we had a royal reception. The streets were alive with</p><p>banners. Our men and officers were seized and forced to ride on the shoulders of crowds wild with</p><p>enthusiasm. When we purchased anything, merchants generally refused all compensation." As a reward</p><p>for his service at Fort Sumter, Major Anderson was promoted to the rank of brigadier general in the</p><p>regular army; but he retired from regular service, saying that his nervous system had been undermined</p><p>by the strain of events at Charleston. Captain Abner Doubleday was made a brigadier general of</p><p>volunteers and served with distinction in several major battles of the Civil War.</p><p>SOURCES:</p><p>From Moultrie to Sumter, by Abner Doubleday Battles and Leaders of the Civil War, Century Press.</p><p>1887</p><p>Reminiscences of Forts Sumter and Moultrie, by Abner Doubleday. Harper Brothers, Publishers. New</p><p>York. 1876 </p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-52659542435958362532021-08-21T10:40:00.005-05:002021-08-21T10:40:42.392-05:00ANSWERING THE MYTHS<p> By Jeff Paulk - Tulsa, OK<b> </b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The Marxists, and those brainwashed by
the Marxists, have long contended the reasons for the War of Northern
Aggression to be different from what true history reveals. They slander our
flags, calling them symbols of racism, and call our heroes traitors. Here we
will answer and debunk those myths. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">MYTH #1 - The war was all about freeing the slaves.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">TRUTH – The war had nothing to do with slavery. The proposed
Corwin Amendment, by Congressman Thomas Corwin of Ohio, would have FOREVER prohibited
the abolition of slavery if the seceded states would but rejoin the union and
ratify the amendment.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The South refused.
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Why? If it wanted to protect slavery you
would think the South would have jumped on this. Besides this, the
Crittendon-Johnson Resolution stated that the war was not for the <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">“purpose of overthrowing or interfering
with the rights or established institutions of those states”. <o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">On July 22, 1861, the U.S. Congress passed a joint
resolution stating the purpose of the war:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">“Resolved…That this war is not being
prosecuted on our part in any spirit of oppression, not for any purpose of
conquest or subjugation, nor purpose of overthrowing or interfering with the
rights or established institutions of those states, but to defend and maintain
the supremacy of the Constitution and all laws made in pursuance thereof and to
preserve the Union, with all the dignity, equality and rights of the several
States unimpaired; and that as soon as these objects are accomplished the war
ought to cease.”<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">This is further proof that the war was NOT fought over
slavery.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The North did, however, conquer
and subjugate the South, and the war they initiated and waged against the South
was both unconstitutional and treasonous.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It was fought to force the legally seceded South back into the union for
the purpose of continuing the collection of excessive tariffs, which
economically damaged the South, but was of economical benefit to the northern railroads
and industrialists. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In his inaugural address, Lincoln stated that he would
continue the collection of revenues “by force if necessary”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He wanted the money that the South had been
paying into the federal government.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
South was footing over 85% of the tax burden but only had 1/3 of the
population.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Northern industrialists
and bankers were reaping the benefits of this. Also, if the war was “all about
slavery”, why was it that Union General Grant had slaves, but Confederate
General Robert E. Lee had none?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Why was
West Virginia (which was illegally and unconstitutionally formed) allowed to
cede into the union on the condition that it could keep its slaves?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Why was Union General Fremont’s order freeing
slaves in Missouri countermanded by Lincoln and the slaves sent back to their
masters? <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Why were there more union soldiers that owned slaves than
there were Confederate soldiers that owned slaves?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Also, not one single letter has been found written by Union
or Confederate soldiers stating that they were fighting to “free the
slaves”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Numerous Confederate letters
state that the Confederacy was fighting for independence and in defense of
their homes and families.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Only about 3%
of Confederate soldiers owned slaves, so what were the other 97% fighting
for?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Were the 97% who did not own slaves
fighting so that the 3% who did own them could keep them?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Of course not.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Also, if it was about “freeing the slaves”, then why didn’t
the federal government free them in the six states that remained in the
union?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That would be Kansas (2),
Nebraska (15), Kentucky (225,483), Missouri (114,931), Maryland (87,189), and
Delaware (1,798) – 1860 Census. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">"Amend the Constitution to
say it should never be altered to interfere with slavery."<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">-- Abraham Lincoln, 24 December
1860, presenting his stand on slavery to the Senate<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: red; font-family: "Old English Text MT"; font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">"We didn't go into the war to put down slavery, but to
put the flag back; and to act differently at this moment would, I have no doubt,
not only weaken our cause, but smack of bad faith..." Abraham Lincoln<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>“The sole object of this war,” said Grant, “is to restore
the Union.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Should I become convinced it
has any other object, or that the Government designs using its soldiers to
execute the wishes of the Abolitionists, I pledge you my honor as a man and a
soldier I would resign my commission and carry my sword to the other side.”<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>-Democratic Speaker’s Handbook, p. 33<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corwin_Amendment">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corwin_Amendment</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Having said all this,
it is only fair to state that the opposition harps heavily on the fact that a
very few Southern newspapers, such as the Vidette in Springfield, TN, talked
about the war being about slavery. Tennessee had a strong pro-Union population
and many citizens there joined the Union Army.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Also, they point to a song written by T.W. Crowson of Alabama that
cheers slavery.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To paint the entire
South and Confederate cause with the broad brush of “fighting for slavery” when
only a tiny segment of the population felt this way is dishonest and reflects
their “cherry-picking” agenda and telling of half-truths.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Thousands of letters from Confederate
soldiers to loved ones tell a very different story, but the opposition contends
that no such letters were ever written.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>They are wrong.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><o:p> </o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Also, the opposition
points to a recruiting flyer calling for Southerners to join up and fight the
“Abolition foes”.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Taking things out of
context is not uncommon for “those people”, as Gen. Robert E. Lee called them.
Remember, the Yankee abolitionists were continually calling for slave uprisings
and the murder of white men, women, and children by the slaves. It most
certainly was not a “war of abolition”, because if it had been, almost no
troops would have joined the Union Army.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This is evidenced by the massive desertions experienced upon the
publication of Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation. Abolition was a dirty word
due to the violent intentions of the Yankees, so calling the invaders
“Abolition foes” was calling the enemy a dirty name. <o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><o:p> </o:p></i></p>
<p style="background: white; margin-bottom: 22.5pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">Another issue is Alexander
Stephens’ “Cornerstone Speech”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333;">Most mainstream historians point to the “Cornerstone”
speech by Alexander Stephens as the clearest piece of evidence that slavery and
white supremacy alone were the reasons for Southern secession. After all, most
transcriptions show Stephens having stated that the Confederate government was
founded on the “great physical, philosophical, and moral truth” of white
superiority.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A major quote that
the historians leave out of their interpretation, however, is Stephens’
assertion <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">twice</span> that
“This truth has been slow in the process of its development, like all other
truths in the various departments of science.” This <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">science</span> Stephens referred to was
actually based on <b>NORTHERN </b>pseudoscience on race at the time.<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p style="background: white; margin-bottom: 22.5pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #333333;">One such Northern scientist was Samuel George Morton,
from Philadelphia. Morton owned a large collection of skulls from around the
world and by the 1830s was using the measurements of the skulls to argue there
were distinct differences in the origins of the races, he also used the size of
skulls to argue which races were inferior. This pseudoscience was expanded on
by Josiah Nott, who was born in South Carolina, but came from a wealthy
Connecticut family and was educated at the University of Pennsylvania. Nott
took these ideas even further by stating that the races were separate in the
way that apes are distinct from humans.<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p style="background: white; margin-bottom: 22.5pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: #333333;">The Cornerstone speech highlights the
selective and narrow lens through which most people choose to look at history.
This speech, which does show the darker side of equality at the time, does not
present any uniquely Southern ideas on race. Many people would rather <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">feel</span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"> </span>good and <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">believe</span> a
lie</b>, than <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">feel </span>uncomfortable</b> and <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">know </span>the
truth</b>. </span></i><span style="background: white; color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="background: white; margin-bottom: 22.5pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="background: white; color: #333333;">(“Revisiting<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the Cornerstone Speech”, Abbeville Institute,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><b><span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">By </span></b><span style="color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;"><a href="https://www.abbevilleinstitute.org/blog/author/mmartin/" title="View all posts by Michael Martin"><b><span style="background: white; color: #2b2b2b; font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Michael
Martin</span></b></a></span><b><span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;"> on </span></b><span style="color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">Aug 27, 2018)</span><span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><o:p> </o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">MYTH #2 - The South wanted to protect and perpetuate slavery
to the western territories.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">TRUTH – Well, that myth is beyond absurd. Common sense
refutes this myth.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>By the very act of
seceding from the union and establishing its own country, the South locked
itself OUT of any rights to territories belonging to the U.S. The Confederate
Constitution outlawed the importation of slaves, so if it wanted to “protect
and perpetuate” slavery, why did it outlaw the importation of slaves?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Slavery was dying out in the South and there
were five times as many abolition groups in the South as there were in the
North.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The South wanted to be done with
slavery and many had already freed their slaves. If the South wanted to
“protect slavery”, it had only to stay in the union where it was already protected.
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The South was working towards gradual
emancipation so that the blacks could gradually be prepared to enter society as
free people. The ending of slavery in the South was a byproduct of the war, not
the cause for it.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">MYTH #3 - The South started the war by firing on Ft. Sumter.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">TRUTH – The firing on Ft. Sumter was what Lincoln had
planned on.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He lied when he said that he
would not resupply the forces there.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If
Lincoln abandoned the fort, he risked legitimizing the Confederacy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Northern sentiment was mostly in favor of
recognizing the newly formed Confederacy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Lincoln needed to change that opinion.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>He crafted the plan of resupplying the troops there, knowing the South
would not permit this and fire the first shots. Remember, the one who fires
first is not necessarily the aggressor, but the one who causes that shot to be
fired. Lincoln wrote to Lieutenant Gustavus Fox, <span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="color: black;">“You and I
both anticipated that the cause of the [Federation] would be advanced by making
the attempt to provision Fort Sumter, even if it should fail; and it is no
small consolation now to feel that our anticipation is justified by the
results.” Lincoln provoked the firing on Ft. Sumter according to
plan.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Now he could launch his war on the
Confederacy, illegal as it was.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(“The Real Lincoln”, by Charles L.
C. Minor, pages 88, 256, 257)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: 22.5pt;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 13.0pt;">The federal government under outgoing
President James Buchanan – who was still in office at the time – had signed an
agreement with South Carolina – now part of the newly created Confederate
States of America – to make no attempt to relieve, rearm, re-supply or send
more federal troops into Moultrie in exchange for that State government’s
promise not to remove the federal troops in that fort by force. Of course,
there was no need to re-supply the fort as the people of Charleston sold food
to the federal troops despite the fact that South Carolina was no longer in the
federal union. Sumter, however, was not part of <i>any</i> agreement
because it was no longer a federal facility and such troops as remained in
Charleston were assigned to Fort Moultrie! But by leaving Moultrie and moving
to Sumter in secret and without informing the State of South Carolina or the
newly established Confederate government of which that State was a part,
Anderson was committing an act that can only be seen as hostile even if no
shots were fired at the time.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: 22.5pt;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 13.0pt;">This act was further exacerbated by the
damage Anderson did to Moultrie in spiking its guns, removing its supplies and
munitions and even cutting down its flag pole, a symbolic but potent rejection
of the new Confederacy that in and of itself was a warlike act. Anderson moved
to Fort Sumter because it was an island fort and therefore far more easily
supplied and defended than land-locked Moultrie, still further evidence of the
military nature of his operation. And as the possession of Sumter had reverted to
South Carolina and was, therefore, no longer a federal installation, Anderson’s
actions constituted nothing short of an invasion by the federal government of
the land and property of the Confederate States of America! Furthermore, though
no shots were fired in this military “invasion,” violence was indeed <i>threatened </i>as
the civilian workers occupying Sumter at the time, were run out of the facility
with guns and bayonets and forced to take small boats back across the harbor
into Charleston, a further example of a warlike action against unarmed and
unprepared noncombatants!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: 22.5pt;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 13.0pt;">So it is obvious both in law and
history, that the first act of hostility in the War of Secession was not the
later false flag operation involving Sumter, but Major Anderson’s abandonment
of Fort Moultrie and his occupation of Fort Sumter. It is equally obvious that
Anderson, a mere major, would hardly have mounted such an offense on his own
recognizance, thus making it equally obvious that his actions were ordered from
those “higher-up” the chain of command. Lincoln had not yet been inaugurated,
but he was in touch with General Winfield Scott about the military options open
to him with regards to the consequences of secession and the federal forts and
installations in seceded States, so it is more than probable that Anderson was
ordered by his superiors to abandon Moultrie – which was neither easily
defended nor rearmed – and retire to Sumter whose location provided a better
chance at both. As that is the case, then it is not wrong to claim the first
act of the so-called Civil War took place on Christmas Eve, 1860 and not April
15th, 1861.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">(“The ‘First Shot’ Re-visited”, by
</span><a href="https://www.abbevilleinstitute.org/blog/author/valerie-protopapas/" target="_blank" title="View all posts by Valerie Protopapas"><b><span style="color: #2b2b2b; font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt;">Valerie
Protopapas</span></b></a><b><u><span style="color: #2b2b2b; font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt;">)<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><u><span style="color: #2b2b2b; font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt;"><o:p><span style="text-decoration: none;"> </span></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Raleway",serif;">Lincoln’s first written message to congress War is about
taxes.</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Raleway",serif;"><br />
<span style="background: white;">“My policy sought only to collect the Revenue (a
40 percent federal sales tax on imports to Southern States under the Morrill
Tariff Act of 1861).” reads paragraph 5 of </span></span><a href="https://millercenter.org/the-presidency/presidential-speeches/july-4-1861-july-4th-message-congress" target="_blank"><span style="background: white; color: #ff0036; font-family: "Raleway",serif; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Lincoln’s First
Message to the U.S. Congress, penned July 4, 1861</span></a><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Raleway",serif;">.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="background: white; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 11.25pt;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Raleway",serif;">On
Dec. 25, 1860, South Carolina declared unfair taxes to be a cause of secession:
“The people of the Southern States are not only taxed for the benefit of the
Northern States, but after the taxes are collected, three-fourths (75%) of them
are expended at the North (to subsidize Wall Street industries that elected
Lincoln).” (Paragraphs 5-8)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="background: white; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 11.25pt;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Raleway",serif;">On
April 8<sup>th</sup>, 4 days before the famous shots fired at Fort Sumter,
Lincoln sent a fleet of war ships led by <em><span style="font-family: "Raleway",serif;">USRC/USS Harriet Lane</span></em> to reinforce Fort
Sumter which was in Charleston harbor to collect the new tax. USS Harriet Lane
was a revenue cutter that became a warship. Revenue cutters previously called
Revenue-Marine were armed ships for the Treasury Department meant to enforce
tax collection.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Raleway",serif;">It arrived on April 11th still a full day before the famous
“shots fired” when Capt. George S. James fired a single 10-inch mortar round
above Ft. Sumter. The Yankee tax collection ship that had invaded Charleston
Harbor fired a 32 pound shot across the bow of a civilian steam ship Nashville.
The union had sent its tax collection ships as well as other war ships to South
Carolina to collect the tax and they fired first. It was the following day the
South fired on the import-export tax collection fort. The Yankee ship would
continue to fight in many naval battles until it wrecked off of Hatteras NC
trying to enter the Pamlico Sound.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Raleway",serif;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Raleway",serif;">(Lincoln’s Tax Ship That Started The War),<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><a href="https://dawsontime.com/2021/01/25/lincolns-tax-ship-that-started-the-war/">https://dawsontime.com/2021/01/25/lincolns-tax-ship-that-started-the-war/</a>
)</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">MYTH #4 – The secession declarations prove the South seceded
to protect slavery.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">TRUTH – While several of the Declarations do mention
slavery, and the states call themselves “slave states”, these documents have to
be interpreted in the context in which they were written.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You have to get into that period of history
to understand their meaning. For decades the South had been the victim of
slander, lies, and propaganda at the hands of the Northern press, authors, and
even pastors. Radical abolitionists in the North promoted violence and
insurrection to end slavery, and they were all for killing off white
slaveholders, but never mentioned the black slaveholders in the South.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(Oh yes, they most certainly existed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Didn’t learn that in school, did you?)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Four seceding
Southern states published some form of declaration of their reasons for
secession.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These were South Carolina,
Georgia, Mississippi, and Texas.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Many
modern academic allies of the Northern War to Prevent Southern Independence
have recently taken up the cry that because these declarations have many
references to slavery that they are proof that the war was all about
slavery.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>First of all, however, there is
a difference between the cause of the war and the causes for secession.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The cause of the war was Lincoln’s call for
75,000 troops to invade the Southern states.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This invasion immediately triggered four more states secessions –
Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas – in addition to protests
from the governors of Kentucky and Missouri, and unrest in Maryland.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In addition, the
substance of the secession declarations must be interpreted in their
political/economic and constitutional contexts.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The Northern Union had become an oppressive government dedicated to
Northern regional dominance and almost exclusively Northern economic
prosperity.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>States Rights were the
primary bulwark against this Northern regionalism.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Many modern apologists for the Union cause
also fail to recognize that these declarations, following South Carolina’s
example, were building a legal case against Northern breaches of the
Constitution.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Moreover, much of the
language of these declarations was a protest against the constant inflammatory
distortions and repeated attacks on Southern honor by radical abolitionists in
Congress and in the Northern press.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Mississippi
declaration included an admission of its economic dependence on slave
labor.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, over-dramatizing this
admission in accusatory terms fails to recognize a genuine dilemma.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><u>Many Southerners, probably a majority, would
have gladly rid themselves of slavery.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>But how could it be done without destroying the economies of the major
cotton producing states and severely damaging New York banking and shipping
interests?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Many also saw the necessity
of preparing the slaves to compete in a free economy before emancipation</u>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Many would have followed the British model of
gradual emancipation with compensation to slave owners.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><u>What the
secession declarations prove is that Southerners had strong reasons to believe
that their political rights and economic welfare were unsafe under Northern
political dominance</u>.”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>(“The Un-Civil War”, by Leonard M. Scruggs, pages 27-28)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">MYTH #5 – Secession was treason.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">TRUTH – Secession being legal was taught at West Point from
William Rawle’s “Views on the Constitution” published in 1825.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was used as a text book for one year and
remains in the library today. Americans who oppose secession for the Southern
states find themselves bed partners with the communist generals of Yugoslavia
and communist hard-liners of the former Soviet Union.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What was condemned in 1861 was sanctioned by
the Republican Party in 1991 when Vaclav Havel of Czechoslovakia withdrew his
country from the Soviet Union’s orbit, but Jefferson Davis and his fellow
Southerners are called traitors for doing the same thing.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The 10<sup>th</sup> Amendment protects a states’ right to
withdraw from the union. If a state voluntarily joined, it can voluntarily
withdraw. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>New England
threatened to secede over the War of 1812, yet no force was threatened against
them to remain in the union. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Our
Founding Fathers knew secession was a right held by the states. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">“Among the Founding Fathers there was no doubt.
The United States had just seceded from the British Empire, exercising the
right of the people to “alter or abolish” — by force, if necessary — a despotic
government. The Declaration of Independence is the most famous act of secession
in our history, though modern rhetoric makes “secession” sound somehow
different from, and more sinister than, claiming independence.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "MS Mincho"; mso-bidi-font-family: "MS Mincho";"> </span>The original 13 states formed a “Confederation,” under
which each state retained its “sovereignty, freedom, and independence.” The
Constitution didn’t change this; each sovereign state was free to reject the
Constitution. The new powers of the federal government were “granted” and
“delegated” by the states, which implies that the states were prior and
superior to the federal government.”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt: 11.9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black;">“After Lincoln’s illegal War of Northern Aggression,
Jefferson Davis, the President of the Confederacy, was arrested and placed in
prison prior to a trial. The trial was never held, because the chief justice of
the Supreme Court, Mr. Salmon Portland Chase, informed President Andrew Johnson
that if Davis were placed on trial for treason the United States would lose the
case because nothing in the Constitution forbids secession. That is why no
trial of Jefferson Davis was held, despite the fact that he wanted one!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt: 11.9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt: 11.9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black;">Because of our progressive-liberal public education system,
many Americans now believe the myth that secession is treasonable. The
Declaration of Independence was, in fact, a declaration of secession. Its final
paragraph declares inarguably the ultimate sovereignty of each state:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt: 11.9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt: 11.9pt; text-align: justify;"><i><span style="color: black;">That these united colonies are, and of right ought to be
free and independent states; that they are absolved of all allegiance to the
British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of
Great Britain, is and ought to be totally dissolved; and that as free and
independent states, they have full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract
alliances, establish commerce, and to do all other acts and things which
independent states may of right do.<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt: 11.9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt: 11.9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black;">Following the Declaration of Independence, each colony
established by law the legitimacy of its own sovereignty as a state. Each one
drew up, voted upon, and then ratified its own state constitution, which
declared and defined its sovereignty as a state. Realizing that they could not
survive upon the world stage as thirteen individual sovereign nations, the
states then joined together formally into a confederation of states, but only
for the purposes of negotiating treaties, waging war, and regulating foreign
commerce.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Charles Pitts<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p>If secession was not legal, why did the U.S. Congress try to pass an
amendment making it illegal AFTER the Southern states seceded?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(“The South Was Right”, by James Ronald
Kennedy and Walter Donald Kennedy, pages 195-217)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></b><a href="http://radioboston.legacy.wbur.org/2012/06/15/new-england-succession">http://radioboston.legacy.wbur.org/2012/06/15/new-england-succession</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><a href="http://www.theimaginativeconservative.org/2012/12/the-right-to-secede.html">http://www.theimaginativeconservative.org/2012/12/the-right-to-secede.html</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><b><span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype",serif;">Not one Confederate was charged
with treason.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jefferson Davis waited two
years in prison and wanted to have his case tried in court because he knew he
would win.</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype",serif;">Salmon Chase, the Chief Justice
of the Supreme Court told Lincoln’s boys that if they were to bring ANYTHING or
ANYONE of that Confederation before the Court, and I quote, </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype",serif;">“<b>THAT
WHICH YOU WON ON THE BATTLEFIELD WOULD BE LOST IN THE COURT-ROOM!”<o:p></o:p></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">MYTH #6 – The Emancipation Proclamation freed the slaves.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">TRUTH - You say, “His Emancipation Proclamation freed the
slaves! That proves he was against slavery.” Lincoln’s words: “I view the matter
(Emancipation Proclamation) as a practical war measure, to be decided upon
according to the advantages or disadvantages it may offer to the suppression of
the rebellion.” He also wrote: “I will also concede that emancipation would
help us in Europe, and convince them that we are incited by something more than
ambition.” At the time Lincoln wrote the proclamation, war was going badly for
the Union. London and Paris were considering recognizing the Confederacy and
considering assisting it in its war effort.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">All one has to do to debunk this myth is to actually read
the Proclamation. It “freed” slaves in areas NOT under federal control, but
expressly left them in bondage where it actually could have freed them.
Numerous union troops deserted after the Emancipation Proclamation was made
public.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>(<a href="http://www.wnd.com/2013/02/abe-lincoln-a-closet-secessionist/">http://www.wnd.com/2013/02/abe-lincoln-a-closet-secessionist/</a>)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">MYTH #7 – The South treated blacks terribly.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">TRUTH - From, “The Truths of History”,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>pgs. 92, 93.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The South claims that race prejudice has been, and now is,
far greater in the North than in the South.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In his “Democracy in America”, De Toqueville, the French
writer, says;<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Though the
electoral franchise has been conferred on the negroes in all the free States,
if they come forward to vote their lives are in danger.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Negroes may serve by law on juries but
prejudice repels them from office.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They
have separate schools, separate hospital wards, and separate galleries in the
theaters.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the South it is quite
different with the negro.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Undoubtedly,
the prejudice of the race appears to be much stronger in the States that have
abolished slaves than in the States where slavery still exists.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>White carpenters,
white bricklayers, and white painters will not work side by side with the
blacks in the North, but do it in almost every Southern State unless Northern
men among their workmen oppose it.” <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Negroes left their homes in Alabama to work in Illinois, but
many were killed and others driven from the State.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Were the murderers of those negroes ever
brought to trial?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One Republican said:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“If any more
negroes come to Illinois, I will meet them on the border with gatling-guns!”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Mr. Seward, March 3, 1858 said:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“The white man
needs this continent to labor in and must have it.”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The Legislature of Kansas, the home of John Brown, said:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“This state is for
whites only.”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In 1850, 1855 and 1865, Michigan refused suffrage to free
negroes.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In 1864 no negro could vote in Nevada.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“In Illinois
(Lincoln’s State) no negro nor mulatto was allowed to remain in the State ten
days.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If a negro came into the State he
was to be sold at auction.”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In twenty-seven counties of Indiana no negro was allowed to
live.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If any white man encouraged him to
come to the State he was fined.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In Boston the negroes are segregated.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In Ohio the negroes were warned if they did not segregate
some dire calamity would befall them.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In New York City and Washington City this question of
segregation is of serious import today and under constant discussion.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">No negro can live in Oregon.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">As to the condition of the slaves in the South under the
institution of slavery, Major-General Quitman, of New York, an army officer who
was stationed near a Mississippi plantation before the war, says in a letter to
his father:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Every night she
has family prayers with her slaves.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When
a minister comes, which is very frequently, prayers are said night and morning,
and chairs are always provided for the servants. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“They are
married by a clergyman of their own color, and a sumptuous supper is always
prepared.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They are a happy, careless,
unreflecting, good-natured race-who left to themselves would degenerate into
drones or brutes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They have great family
pride and are the most arrant aristocrats in the world.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>(“The Secession War in America,” by J.P. Shaffull, published in New
York, 1862)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">By the above accounts, blacks were treated well in the South
and horribly bad in the North.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There
were laws against the mistreatment of slaves, though it did happen, it was not
common. The “Slave Narratives”, compiled during the Great Depression by
Northern journalists, proves that the blacks living in the 19<sup>th</sup>
century South (at least the vast majority of them) were happy and content with
their lives and the way they were treated. Why?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Because it was not whips and chains as the Yankees and Hollywood have
portrayed it to be.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There was mutual
love, respect, and kindness.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>White and
black relations in the South at that time were quite good.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Common sense and integrity actually existed
with both races then.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What happened to
all that?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Reconstruction. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">MYTH #8 – The Confederate Flag is a symbol of racism and
hate.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">TRUTH - No historical document exists to support that this
flag represented hate, slavery, racism, deceit, infamy or repression. Not one
flag of the Confederacy was ever described in its placement to represent
anything other than the Confederate States of America. No Confederate ship ever
ran slaves. The Sons of Confederate Veterans (SCV) adopted the battle flag as
part of its logo in 1896, long before “hate” groups began to abuse the flag,
and they condemn misuse of any Confederate flag. The KKK and other “hate”
groups didn’t use the flag until late 1950s/early 1960s. In his book “What They
Fought For, 1861-1865,” historian James McPherson, after reading more than
25,000 letters and over 100 soldier diaries from both sides of the War for
Southern Independence, concluded that Confederate soldiers "fought for
liberty and independence from what they regarded as a tyrannical
government."<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Here, Mr. King tells it well.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Before you attack the Confederate soldiers' Battle flag, see
how Old Glory will compare: http://www.vdare.com/fallon/confederate.htm<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The Confederate Flag and the United States Flag are judged
by different standards and criteria, and are not held to the same levels of
accountability. In analytical science and weights and measures, comparisons are
made against known standards. However, in politics comparisons are never made
in a fair and impartial manner.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In order
to understand the hypocrisy, ignorance, and bias that have been directed
against the Confederate Flag, it is necessary to use the U.S. Flag (Stars and
Stripes) as a standard of comparison. The purpose of this comparison is not to
berate or disparage the U.S. Flag, but is to prove that the Confederate Flag
has received unfair and unequal treatment.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The genocide and racial cleansing of the American Indians took place
under the U.S. Flag. Their land was taken without fair and just compensation.
Indians died by the thousands as they were forced on to reservations and
subjected to starvation and deadly diseases. The Trail of Tears endured by the
Cherokee is an example. In the American West, cavalry troopers murdered entire
villages including babies in their mother's arms.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The U.S. Flag Flew over an unconstitutional and criminal war
conducted against The Confederate States of America. Abraham Lincoln conducted
this war for the benefit of wealthy Northern industrialists. Atrocities against
Southern civilians and military are listed in the book, The Uncivil War: Union
Army and Navy Excesses in the Official Records.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Furthermore, slaves were imported from Africa to America primarily by
five Northern States: New York, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Hampshire, and
Rhode Island. The Confederate Flag was not involved in the importation of
slaves.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Finally, the U.S. Flag flies over a nation that has murdered
an estimated 42 million babies by abortion. Confederate leaders would never
have voted for abortion or nominated judges that would legalize abortion.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Political Correctness has been used to
attempt bans of The Confederate Flag from schools, parades, public and private
property, and even historical monuments and sites.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Confederate flag represents
Constitutional Limited Federal Government, States Rights, Resistance to
Government Tyranny, and Christian Values and Principles. To say that it
represents racism and bigotry is a negative and shallow interpretation
comparable to saying the U.S. flag represents the genocide of the American
Indians and abortion.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>James W. King<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Let it also be noted here that it was Northerners, New
Englanders to be specific, who built the slave ships and transported their
cargo of human flesh to the U.S. and sold them to Northerners and Southerners.
It was the North that grew and perpetuated slavery, not the South.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Slavery died in the North because it was not
as useful in an industrialized society as it was in an agricultural one, and
Northerners refused to work alongside of blacks. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The North invaded the South to force it back
into the union to continue the collection of excessive and unconstitutional
taxes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The South wanted only to be left
alone.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Confederate soldiers fought
an illegal invasion in defense of their homes and families.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The union soldiers burned homes, barns and
crops.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They raped the women, black and
white.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They killed animals. They looted
homes and stores.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>During Reconstruction,
which was nothing but a military dictatorship, the schools had to teach what
the federal government told them to.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This is where the Marxist rewritten history begins. This is when the
animosity between the races began due to the Yankees stripping whites of their
rights and placing blacks in superior positions over whites. The history was
rewritten to cover up the truth about Lincoln and his war crimes, and to cover
up the truth of why he waged an illegal war. While the military phase ended in
1865, the political, economic, and social phases continue today.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cultural genocide continues to be waged on our
history, symbols, and culture. A union held together with bayonets is not a
union. The South is full of Yankee transplants and Southern turncoats and
scalawags glad to do the bidding of the globalists and Marxists, trampling on
the memory of those brave dead <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>black,
white, Indians and Mexicans who fought in defense of their homeland. The lies
and propaganda continue. Those who slander the South, blame it for slavery, and
slander it and its symbols are clearly ignorant of true history.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We went into the War a free people, and came
out as slaves on the government plantation.</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-4399829994498026342021-07-20T11:13:00.003-05:002021-07-20T11:13:26.408-05:00OUR CONFEDERATE MONUMENT CASE IS NOW BEFORE THE GEORGIA COURT OF APPEALS<p> </p><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv8508963680galileo-ap-layout-editor" style="background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; color: black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; min-width: 100%; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" class="yiv8508963680layout-outer" style="outline: none; padding: 0px 20px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" class="yiv8508963680layout-margin" style="outline: none; padding: 20px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" bgcolor="#2f3131" class="yiv8508963680feature-border" style="background-color: #2f3131; outline: none; padding: 1px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" bgcolor="FFFFFF" class="yiv8508963680feature yiv8508963680editor-col yiv8508963680OneColumnMobile" style="background-color: white; outline: none;" valign="top" width="100%"><div class="yiv8508963680gl-contains-text"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 100%; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" class="yiv8508963680editor-text yiv8508963680center-text yiv8508963680feature-text" style="color: #767676; display: block; font-family: Garamond, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.2; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 10px 20px; text-align: center;" valign="top"><div class="yiv8508963680text-container yiv8508963680galileo-ap-content-editor"><div><span style="color: #050505; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; text-align: left;">WHY OUR LANDMARK CASE IS GEORGIA'S (AND AMERICA'S) BEST CHANCE AT PRESERVING OUR MONUMENTS</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px;">This is the first case in the nation in which officials responsible for the removal of a statue have been sued in their individual capacity. In so doing, the case has already set a precedent as the first in the nation to overcome the legal hurdle of the “sovereign immunity” defense. Even the original judge in the case was caught off guard by our legal tactic of suing the officials in their individual capacity.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px;">The enemies of our liberties - and the complicit officials running our courthouses - know that the law is on our side if our monument protection cases go to court, so they have put on a "full court press" to use technicalities to prevent the cases from going to trial all across America. Their first line of defense was the "sovereign immunity" hurdle... which we avoided with our own unexpected end around flank attack. Now they have tried to argue that we as citizens do not have the legal "standing" to sue using the Monument Protection Act.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px;">In our brief before the Georgia Court of Appeals, our attorneys have cited legal precedents, including united States Supreme Court decisions which undeniably attest to our legal standing in our case. While virtually every other similar case across the country has already died on the vine and been dismissed, our already groundbreaking case has the best chance of having our day in court. We MUST win this case not only for people of Georgia but for patriotic Americans across the country.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;">Having to argue our legal standing in front of the Court of Appeals is just another effort by the enemy to drain our funds to continue this important legal fight.</span><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px;"> </span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px;">This is going to be a precedent-setting case in not only Georgia but in all of American jurisprudence for years to come. If we fail to win this case, there is NO statue in the country which will be safe from the cultural Marxists and their practice of cultural genocide. We MUST win this case. </span><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;">If we lose this case, literally scores of other cases across Georgia and across the country will fall because the courts are watching our case closely.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px;">I am asking every American reading this to please make some donation to our efforts. </span><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;">The enemy thinks that he is going to simply outlast us because we won’t have the funds to continue. </span><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px;"> </span><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;">We MUST have the funds to continue</span><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px;"> this and our other efforts to stop the cultural Marxism going on in America.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px;">Would you please stop what you’re doing and </span><a href="https://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pasZ8XWFY_msX9u_bmcxkiU_QLC-mXZxAN8MVLOOEviPNrWHNi6ATESz_36VN7wJrUvAXiAo086DDWNVCW8rAQFV9sdySv8LkzMrptwFYD1A6XDAVAXlQCwJcbg-JJjRJWPTL-UscSKiqEpApn1iJr98ITB9N7Q9&c=zErxuvk2xaGgfSN22Kkuc3FRERb4TkbOiq4t43IyW3jxec3HoeMxFw==&ch=hrJaybN2Ksq5ssHDrboZV5tlAC6jPbFL06-XWmmhxbX3cnlMQ_dWuA==" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="color: #424cd6; cursor: pointer; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">click on the link below</a><a href="https://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pasZ8XWFY_msX9u_bmcxkiU_QLC-mXZxAN8MVLOOEviPNrWHNi6ATESz_36VN7wJrUvAXiAo086DDWNVCW8rAQFV9sdySv8LkzMrptwFYD1A6XDAVAXlQCwJcbg-JJjRJWPTL-UscSKiqEpApn1iJr98ITB9N7Q9&c=zErxuvk2xaGgfSN22Kkuc3FRERb4TkbOiq4t43IyW3jxec3HoeMxFw==&ch=hrJaybN2Ksq5ssHDrboZV5tlAC6jPbFL06-XWmmhxbX3cnlMQ_dWuA==" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="color: #0c0d10; cursor: pointer; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank"> </a><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px;">to make some contribution to our efforts? How much is it worth to YOU to have us stay in this fight? Your children and your grandchildren cannot afford for you to sit by on the sidelines and just watch for the outcome. What will you say when they ask you years from now what you did to stop what is happening in America when you had the chance?</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px;">I am not asking anyone to do anything that I have not already done and continue to do personally. To date, I have personally spent more than $5,000 in this effort. I was also arrested for being the only one who refused to vacate the sidewalk when the officers said, “The crane company can’t remove the statue until we clear the sidewalk.” So I refused to move until they arrested me. They have since trumped up the charge against me from a local city violation to a state criminal offense… all because I have refused to plead guilty and accept their “gracious” offer of reducing the charge back down to a local ordinance violation with a $100 fine if I will just plead guilty. I am not pleading guilty to anything but love for God, for Georgia, for my ancestors, for their Cause which was right, for my children, and for America.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px;">Please join me and make a generous contribution to our efforts today by </span><a href="https://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pasZ8XWFY_msX9u_bmcxkiU_QLC-mXZxAN8MVLOOEviPNrWHNi6ATESz_36VN7wJrUvAXiAo086DDWNVCW8rAQFV9sdySv8LkzMrptwFYD1A6XDAVAXlQCwJcbg-JJjRJWPTL-UscSKiqEpApn1iJr98ITB9N7Q9&c=zErxuvk2xaGgfSN22Kkuc3FRERb4TkbOiq4t43IyW3jxec3HoeMxFw==&ch=hrJaybN2Ksq5ssHDrboZV5tlAC6jPbFL06-XWmmhxbX3cnlMQ_dWuA==" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="color: #424cd6; cursor: pointer; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">clicking the link below</a><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px;">. Time is of the essence!</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px;">Then click the next link </span><span style="color: #424cd6; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;">to </span><a href="https://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pasZ8XWFY_msX9u_bmcxkiU_QLC-mXZxAN8MVLOOEviPNrWHNi6ATDBGXSdXE9YpxuE1gWdDeR8jd_RvQx_aH_Pp5Sb2ya_c2tjgfo2M37Y7LsTSTSuCHQGTeeyCqgLwboX4ToiDkNB5dMFxb3Fsh3A1N-wjzvV0gxU1KK9AndkU_34DL426T5e7UMHzvwqw&c=zErxuvk2xaGgfSN22Kkuc3FRERb4TkbOiq4t43IyW3jxec3HoeMxFw==&ch=hrJaybN2Ksq5ssHDrboZV5tlAC6jPbFL06-XWmmhxbX3cnlMQ_dWuA==" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="color: #424cd6; cursor: pointer; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">join</a><a href="https://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pasZ8XWFY_msX9u_bmcxkiU_QLC-mXZxAN8MVLOOEviPNrWHNi6ATDBGXSdXE9YpxuE1gWdDeR8jd_RvQx_aH_Pp5Sb2ya_c2tjgfo2M37Y7LsTSTSuCHQGTeeyCqgLwboX4ToiDkNB5dMFxb3Fsh3A1N-wjzvV0gxU1KK9AndkU_34DL426T5e7UMHzvwqw&c=zErxuvk2xaGgfSN22Kkuc3FRERb4TkbOiq4t43IyW3jxec3HoeMxFw==&ch=hrJaybN2Ksq5ssHDrboZV5tlAC6jPbFL06-XWmmhxbX3cnlMQ_dWuA==" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="color: #0c0d10; cursor: pointer; font-size: 18px; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank"> the Georgia Minutemen</a><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px;"> for as little as $10 per year.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px;">Then forward this email or post to every patriotic American that you know. We can NOT afford to lose this battle!</span></div><div><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px;">For Georgia First,</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px;">Ray McBerry, Founder</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px;">Georgia Minutemen</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div><a href="https://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pasZ8XWFY_msX9u_bmcxkiU_QLC-mXZxAN8MVLOOEviPNrWHNi6ATESz_36VN7wJrUvAXiAo086DDWNVCW8rAQFV9sdySv8LkzMrptwFYD1A6XDAVAXlQCwJcbg-JJjRJWPTL-UscSKiqEpApn1iJr98ITB9N7Q9&c=zErxuvk2xaGgfSN22Kkuc3FRERb4TkbOiq4t43IyW3jxec3HoeMxFw==&ch=hrJaybN2Ksq5ssHDrboZV5tlAC6jPbFL06-XWmmhxbX3cnlMQ_dWuA==" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="color: #424cd6; cursor: pointer; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">MAKE A DONATION TO THE CAUSE TODAY</a></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;">WHAT CAN YOU DO TO HELP US WIN?</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #424cd6; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;">1. </span><a href="https://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pasZ8XWFY_msX9u_bmcxkiU_QLC-mXZxAN8MVLOOEviPNrWHNi6ATDBGXSdXE9YpxuE1gWdDeR8jd_RvQx_aH_Pp5Sb2ya_c2tjgfo2M37Y7LsTSTSuCHQGTeeyCqgLwboX4ToiDkNB5dMFxb3Fsh3A1N-wjzvV0gxU1KK9AndkU_34DL426T5e7UMHzvwqw&c=zErxuvk2xaGgfSN22Kkuc3FRERb4TkbOiq4t43IyW3jxec3HoeMxFw==&ch=hrJaybN2Ksq5ssHDrboZV5tlAC6jPbFL06-XWmmhxbX3cnlMQ_dWuA==" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="color: #424cd6; cursor: pointer; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;" target="_blank">Click HERE to join the Georgia Minutemen if you haven't already.</a></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #424cd6; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;">2. </span><a href="https://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pasZ8XWFY_msX9u_bmcxkiU_QLC-mXZxAN8MVLOOEviPNrWHNi6ATESz_36VN7wJrUvAXiAo086DDWNVCW8rAQFV9sdySv8LkzMrptwFYD1A6XDAVAXlQCwJcbg-JJjRJWPTL-UscSKiqEpApn1iJr98ITB9N7Q9&c=zErxuvk2xaGgfSN22Kkuc3FRERb4TkbOiq4t43IyW3jxec3HoeMxFw==&ch=hrJaybN2Ksq5ssHDrboZV5tlAC6jPbFL06-XWmmhxbX3cnlMQ_dWuA==" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="color: #424cd6; cursor: pointer; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;" target="_blank">Click HERE to make a contribution so that we can continue our efforts in this case and other fronts.</a></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><a href="https://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pasZ8XWFY_msX9u_bmcxkiU_QLC-mXZxAN8MVLOOEviPNrWHNi6ATK25kj_dbbWNs9ugDijeJzyvkGoquNHoBZ6g4HecelqdKU-58REsgQ5hAcF9GAh3Z5iC2xXkA6PB5d00_5DYxHxcX-3xvgMWBb7A1-isFkMHPvm_E1DqDcnAfeUmtgVcNg==&c=zErxuvk2xaGgfSN22Kkuc3FRERb4TkbOiq4t43IyW3jxec3HoeMxFw==&ch=hrJaybN2Ksq5ssHDrboZV5tlAC6jPbFL06-XWmmhxbX3cnlMQ_dWuA==" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="color: #424cd6; cursor: pointer; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;" target="_blank">3.Click HERE to Like the new Facebook page for the Georgia Minutemen and send invites to your friends to like it.</a></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">P.S. Please note that the facebook page called "Georgia Minutemen" is NOT our group. Our original page was disabled and removed by Facebook when we eclipsed 1,000 followers in just a little over a week's time. The enemy is not happy at our popular support or our audacity to oppose their plans.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;">For more information, please contact the Georgia Minutemen through our website at </span><a href="https://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pasZ8XWFY_msX9u_bmcxkiU_QLC-mXZxAN8MVLOOEviPNrWHNi6ATKGC0KH9n-YfwutGURiufMEVxXbEPaNkRObhsxFqSwNafreFvtTmkG4-a4l0LE7-unJUpve_8Cx3Em461VTIKXXl7wjV_fFdfK59Io6i_EtYbz9UlFEBbkI1nBQVqYAszhcqZ18paZXaazBIEdq_8HIDN_F-ZMXBdw==&c=zErxuvk2xaGgfSN22Kkuc3FRERb4TkbOiq4t43IyW3jxec3HoeMxFw==&ch=hrJaybN2Ksq5ssHDrboZV5tlAC6jPbFL06-XWmmhxbX3cnlMQ_dWuA==" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="color: black; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;" target="_blank">www.GeorgiaMinutemen.com</a><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></div><div><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: #0c0d10;">Georgia Minutemen Founder, Ray McBerry, is a Christian, father, businessman, Baptist pastor, television host, and former Republican candidate for governor of Georgia. In 2013, he became the first "public figure" in more than 100 years of Georgia history to win a libel suit when he sued those responsible for lies about him created by our enemies during the 2010 governor's race. He has previously served in the Southern Heritage movement as both SCV Georgia Division Commander and Georgia Chairman of the League of the South. In 2010, he organized and hosted the first-ever national Tenth Amendment Summit and has been a guest on FOX News, CNN, HLN, MSNBC, and hundreds of other media outlets as one of America’s foremost spokesmen on issues related to States’ Rights, Southern Heritage, and the Constitution. He is also the founder of the Georgia Minutemen, organized on April 19, 2020 as a voice for patriotic Georgians who have had enough of the cultural war being waged against them and their heritage. Ray McBerry is no stranger to fighting for our heritage and freedoms.</span></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 20px;">Join the Georgia Minutemen or visit us online at </span><a href="https://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pasZ8XWFY_msX9u_bmcxkiU_QLC-mXZxAN8MVLOOEviPNrWHNi6ATDBGXSdXE9YpxuE1gWdDeR8jd_RvQx_aH_Pp5Sb2ya_c2tjgfo2M37Y7LsTSTSuCHQGTeeyCqgLwboX4ToiDkNB5dMFxb3Fsh3A1N-wjzvV0gxU1KK9AndkU_34DL426T5e7UMHzvwqw&c=zErxuvk2xaGgfSN22Kkuc3FRERb4TkbOiq4t43IyW3jxec3HoeMxFw==&ch=hrJaybN2Ksq5ssHDrboZV5tlAC6jPbFL06-XWmmhxbX3cnlMQ_dWuA==" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="color: #0c0d10; cursor: pointer; font-size: 20px; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">www.GeorgiaMinutemen.com</a></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-weight: bold;">Membership in the Georgia Minutemen is growing rapidly across Georgia! Join today for as little as $10 annually.</span></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="yiv8508963680gl-contains-spacer"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv8508963680editor-spacer" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" class="yiv8508963680spacer-container" style="outline: none;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" class="yiv8508963680spacer-base" style="line-height: 1px; min-height: 1px; outline: none; padding-bottom: 15px;" valign="top" width="100%"><img alt="" border="0" height="1" hspace="0" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fimgssl.constantcontact.com%2Fletters%2Fimages%2Fsys%2FS.gif&t=1626797470&ymreqid=2e61fc85-6f20-fee1-2f2c-5a013b018200&sig=zdQk9lBbKDn18p7OfDjZ4g--~D" style="display: block; min-height: 1px; visibility: visible; 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font-size: 20px;">by visiting our website at</span></div><div><a href="https://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001pasZ8XWFY_msX9u_bmcxkiU_QLC-mXZxAN8MVLOOEviPNrWHNi6ATKGC0KH9n-YfwutGURiufMEVxXbEPaNkRObhsxFqSwNafreFvtTmkG4-a4l0LE7-unJUpve_8Cx3Em461VTIKXXl7wjV_fFdfK59Io6i_EtYbz9UlFEBbkI1nBQVqYAszhcqZ18paZXaazBIEdq_8HIDN_F-ZMXBdw==&c=zErxuvk2xaGgfSN22Kkuc3FRERb4TkbOiq4t43IyW3jxec3HoeMxFw==&ch=hrJaybN2Ksq5ssHDrboZV5tlAC6jPbFL06-XWmmhxbX3cnlMQ_dWuA==" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="color: #2f2f2f; cursor: pointer; font-size: 20px;" target="_blank">www.GeorgiaMinutemen.com</a></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-43660741136701273122021-06-20T11:08:00.003-05:002021-06-20T11:08:17.225-05:00JUNETEENTH - Borrowed from an amazing teacher in Columbia County.<p> <span style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 28px; font-weight: bold;">Columbia County Republican Women -CCRW </span></p><div style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit; font-size: 18.6667px;">Borrowed from an amazing teacher in Columbia County.</div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit; font-size: 18.6667px;"><br /></div><span style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 28px; font-weight: bold;"></span><div class="yiv9263225145o9v6fnle yiv9263225145cxmmr5t8 yiv9263225145oygrvhab yiv9263225145hcukyx3x yiv9263225145c1et5uql yiv9263225145ii04i59q" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div style="font-family: inherit;">Juneteenth. <span class="yiv9263225145pq6dq46d yiv9263225145tbxw36s4 yiv9263225145knj5qynh yiv9263225145kvgmc6g5 yiv9263225145ditlmg2l yiv9263225145oygrvhab yiv9263225145nvdbi5me yiv9263225145sf5mxxl7 yiv9263225145gl3lb2sf yiv9263225145hhz5lgdu" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px; min-height: 16px; vertical-align: middle; width: 16px;"><img alt="��" height="16" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fstatic.xx.fbcdn.net%2Fimages%2Femoji.php%2Fv9%2Ftd3%2F2%2F16%2F1f914.png&t=1624204552&ymreqid=2e61fc85-6f20-fee1-2f2c-5a0035017e00&sig=Humt_KDNlamdauoxQ1V19w--~D" style="border: 0px; visibility: visible;" width="16" /></span> So what is THAT? In a year’s time we’ve gone from only a small percentage of people having even heard of that colloquialism referencing one town in Texas’s tradition to now it’s a national holiday? You’ll hear that it’s the date the last slaves were freed, found out they were free, or some version of that, but as usual, that’s not all the information or the whole story. And since you’ll see it everywhere for at least a few days, you should know the ACTUAL history of it.</div><div style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></div><div style="font-family: inherit;">During the Civil War, President Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation that freed all the slaves, or so we have all been taught as children. Well, not quite. The Civil War was not a popular war, in the North especially. It was the deadliest war in American history (because Americans were fighting both sides), it was long, expensive and though there WERE a lot of abolitionists in the North there were also still quite a few slaves and slave owners, including generals on both sides of the war. This was the world they lived in. There were no migrant workers, no minimum wage jobs, and slavery had existed as the means of labor since the beginning of time. Slavery was and is an abomination, but we can look at the past (and present in many places) and know something isn’t right also knowing it just was it how it was.</div><div style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></div><div style="font-family: inherit;">The issue of slavery in the new America had been a matter of debate since the nation’s founding. Several states had outlawed the slave trade and some slavery entirely before the American Revolutionary war was even begun. Once the war ended and the business of creating the best country the world has ever known began, those states demanded that abolishing the slave trade be paramount in the debate over the Constitution or they weren’t signing it. The Southern states, who relied on slave labor for their entire economy and the bulk of the economy for the whole nation - doesn’t make it right, just makes it how it was, were reluctant but every state was necessary to form the new nation and compromises had to be made, demands met.</div><div style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></div><div style="font-family: inherit;">The South wanted their slaves to then count as citizens for representations in the new government as they were agrarian and had lower populations. Several Northern states with vocal abolitionists, like Pennsylvania, said no, slaves are going to be citizens or they are property, it can’t go both ways, and the South would have to pay taxes on property, which is where the 3/5 Compromise came from - making the number of slaves count at 60% for representation AND taxes had to be paid on their value; additionally ratification of the Constitution required all states had to agree the slave trade would be made illegal in 20 years. January 1, 1808 it became a federal offense to bring slaves into the new USA.</div><div style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></div><div style="font-family: inherit;">The new American country was war torn, with a fledgling military and a new continually evolving government, and was still at odds with Britain. Yet, the states continued to fight over slavery because it’s an issue since the start. America is the ONLY country in all of world history where slavery was an issue at its founding. The only one. It’s the principles of liberty and self determination that would eventually free the slaves, and these are uniquely Christian, uniquely America values. When the European slave traders stopped buying slaves from Africa, the chiefs wanted to know why. A major source of their income dried up quickly and it was how they kept their enemies in check… but that’s a story for another time.</div><div style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></div><div style="font-family: inherit;">But, in America the battle over slavery’s role went back and forth, sometimes in the legislatures and sometimes through slave uprisings which the South especially feared. The straw that broke the South’s back was indeed a tariff. Taxes. The thing which had started the American Revolution, unfair taxation, would YES be the spark that starts the War Between the States. The South produced the majority not just of America’s but the WORLD’s cotton and they needed to keep their slaves to do it, but they couldn’t produce and manufacture yet. Though the Industrial Revolution had begun, and in time would have probably made slave labor obsolete (my opinion, not fact) it wasn’t in force in the South yet. Manufacturing in the North and in England used Southern cotton to create their own businesses but the Southern states were doubly taxed because they had to buy the goods at a higher price once they were made. So, like their forefathers not quite a hundred years before, they left the Union. And the North came after them. The war was fought to punish the South for its insolence. Rebellion. Rebels. The war had been a long time coming.</div><div style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></div><div style="font-family: inherit;">As the war dragged on, the Northern states grew weary of it, and Lincoln, worried about the possibility of European interference as well, used the Emancipation Proclamation to help tie a moral cause to the war and draw a distinction between the Northern and Southern causes. BUT it only declared free the slaves in the Southern states. In 1863 he signed it, but the South was its own country. They didn’t listen to his laws. He may as well have declared slaves free in Mexico. The Emancipation did NOT free slaves in the border states and it did not free them in the North. It was largely symbolic. It was a good symbol, but if it truly was to FREE the slaves it would have applied to the states he actually was governing. I’m not impugning Lincoln, he was a man of his time in an impossible situation, quite likely the worst an American president has ever faced. He did what he thought he could given the information available to him and the sensibilities of the time.</div><div style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></div><div style="font-family: inherit;">As war waged on, the North destroyed the South. The war was fought from two postures - the Northern generals wanted the South punished and brought back in line, the South, of whom only about 7% owned slaves, were defending their homes and wanted to be left alone. Like many wars it was truly a rich man’s war fought by the average and the poor men, but they were defending their homes, and a man will fight for that. The manufacturing power of the North was too powerful and ruthless. They wanted this war done.</div><div style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></div><div style="font-family: inherit;">When the South surrendered in May of 1865, Texas was still fighting the war. This happened a lot in history. News traveled SLOW, and often wars waged on beyond the “surrender”. So, finally news made it to a town in Texas that the war was over and Lincoln had freed the slaves back in 1863, and of course that would be a day the people in that place would want to remember. But Texas as a whole, like the other states, and like the border and Northern states to whom it didn’t apply, wasn’t following any laws written by Lincoln back in 1863 just because an announcement was made.</div><div style="font-family: inherit;">When marking significant dates to ourselves, it makes sense that the day the news was brought would be culturally significant to Texan slaves. However, it didn’t matter what some announcement said, it would take the grueling Reconstruction period including militarization by the North to enforce the new orders, and the slaves were not “free” until EACH state created new state constitutions AND was re-admitted to the Union under condition of ratification of the 13th (and 14 and 15th) amendments which once and for all outlawed slavery. For Texas, that was in 1869, and they were readmitted and became an American state again in 1870. EVERY STATE was different and you can look up the dates they outlawed slavery and that their state constitutions were rewritten. And THAT is the date the slaves were freed in each state.</div><div style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></div><div style="font-family: inherit;">In Texas, slave communities created celebrations where they commemorated the day they found out they’d been freed by the Emancipation. And out of respect of so many of its citizens thinking it was important, Juneteenth became a state holiday in 1980. It’s fine for regions to celebrate traditions of whatever they want, but with the hindsight of history it’s good to look back once the emotion of the present has been washed away and look at what really happened. Slaves would not have known all that information, most citizens wouldn’t have known all the information, in fact most modern day people who have access to the information don’t avail themselves of it. So, while it’s actually the ratification of the 13th amendment that freed the slaves, and subsequently the 14th and 15th that made them citizens and gave the black men the right to vote (LONG before white women), those dates aren’t on our calendars in any historic way.</div><div style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></div><div style="font-family: inherit;">But, that’s the history; do with it what you will. When the cause is liberty in any form, we should always fall on that side, but it’s good to have the facts straight. <span class="yiv9263225145pq6dq46d yiv9263225145tbxw36s4 yiv9263225145knj5qynh yiv9263225145kvgmc6g5 yiv9263225145ditlmg2l yiv9263225145oygrvhab yiv9263225145nvdbi5me yiv9263225145sf5mxxl7 yiv9263225145gl3lb2sf yiv9263225145hhz5lgdu" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px; min-height: 16px; vertical-align: middle; width: 16px;"><img alt="����" height="16" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fstatic.xx.fbcdn.net%2Fimages%2Femoji.php%2Fv9%2Ftf2%2F2%2F16%2F1f1fa_1f1f8.png&t=1624204552&ymreqid=2e61fc85-6f20-fee1-2f2c-5a0035017e00&sig=eL_2peoPMsoe_lBNsXlErA--~D" style="border: 0px; visibility: visible;" width="16" /></span><span class="yiv9263225145pq6dq46d yiv9263225145tbxw36s4 yiv9263225145knj5qynh yiv9263225145kvgmc6g5 yiv9263225145ditlmg2l yiv9263225145oygrvhab yiv9263225145nvdbi5me yiv9263225145sf5mxxl7 yiv9263225145gl3lb2sf yiv9263225145hhz5lgdu" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px; min-height: 16px; vertical-align: middle; width: 16px;"><img alt="��" height="16" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fstatic.xx.fbcdn.net%2Fimages%2Femoji.php%2Fv9%2Ft7f%2F2%2F16%2F1f31f.png&t=1624204552&ymreqid=2e61fc85-6f20-fee1-2f2c-5a0035017e00&sig=rgQ11IyXx68DHUsYHqFKtg--~D" style="border: 0px; visibility: visible;" width="16" /></span></div></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-37773068000794237192021-05-16T10:20:00.005-05:002021-05-16T10:20:39.600-05:00Why It Wasn’t About Slavery<p><b>By Jeff Paulk</b></p><p><br /></p><p>The Morrill Tariff, as it was
called, was the highest tariff in U.S. history." Adams also notes,
"Secession by the South was a reaction against Lincoln's high-tax policy.
In 1861 the slave issue was not critical... The leaders of the South believed
secession would attract trade to Charleston, Savannah, and New Orleans,
replacing Boston, New York, and Philadelphia as the chief trading ports of
America, primarily because of low taxes.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">Charles Dickens writes, "The
Northern onslaught upon slavery was no more than a piece of specious humbug
designed to conceal its desire for economic control of the Southern
States." Dickens goes on to say "...Union means so many millions a
year lost to the South; secession means the loss of the same millions to the
North. The love of money is the root of this as of many other evils... The
quarrel between the North and South is, as it stands, <u>solely a fiscal
quarrel</u>."<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is NO
historical proof of an official act by Congress or Lincoln that the United
States waged a war to abolish slavery and until such an act is produced the war
over slavery lie remains dishonest history and ignorant hate speech.<br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to ALL official acts by
Lincoln and the U.S. Congress, Lincoln's Tax War was totally fought to collect
a 40% Federal sales tax on imported products under the Morrill Tariff Act of
1861.<br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Abraham Lincoln stated in his First
Inaugural Speech on March 4, 1861:<br />
"I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the
institution of slavery in the States where it exists. I believe I have no
lawful right to do so, and I have no inclination to do so." (Paragraph 4)<br />
"The power confided to me will be used to hold, occupy, and possess the property
and places belonging to the government, and to COLLECT THE DUTIES and IMPOSTS;
but beyond what may be necessary for these objects, there will be no invasion,
no using of force against or among the people anywhere." (Paragraph 21)<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="background: white;"><span style="color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">Karl
Marx, like most European socialists of the time favored the North. In an 1861
article published in England, he articulated very well what the major British
newspapers, the Times, the Economist, and Saturday Review, had been saying:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="background: white;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">"The war between the North and South
is a tariff war. The war, is further, not for any principle, does not touch the
question of slavery, and in fact turns on the Northern lust for power."</span><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">On July 22, 1861, the U.S. Congress passed a joint
resolution stating the purpose of the war:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">“Resolved…That this war is not being
prosecuted on our part in any spirit of oppression, not for any purpose of
conquest or subjugation, nor purpose of overthrowing or interfering with the
rights or established institutions of those states, but to defend and maintain
the supremacy of the Constitution and all laws made in pursuance thereof and to
preserve the Union, with all the dignity, equality and rights of the several
States unimpaired; and that as soon as these objects are accomplished the war
ought to cease.”<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">This is further proof that the war was NOT fought over
slavery.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The North did, however, conquer
and subjugate the South, and the war they initiated and waged against the South
was both unconstitutional and treasonous.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It was fought to force the legally seceded South back into the union for
the purpose of continuing the collection of excessive tariffs, which
economically damaged the South, but was of economical benefit to the northern
industrialists. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Where is the logic? <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">IF slavery was the cause of the
War For Southern Independence, and IF the North fought to free the slaves, why
then:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">1. Was a 13th amendment presented
in the U.S. Congress and signed by Lincoln in 1861, that would have prohibited
the U.S. government from ever abolishing or interfering with slavery in any
state? (Corwin Amendment, 2 March, 1861)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2. Was West Virginia allowed to accede to the
union as a "Slave" state after 1863? (West Virginia was illegally and
unconstitutionally formed)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">3. Was slave labor used to build
the Capitol building in Washington D.C.? <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">4. Was the Emancipation
Proclamation in 1863, applicable only in areas not under the control of the
Union? </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">(The Emancipation Proclamation
freed not one solitary person, but was a war measure meant to cause a slave
uprising, which did not happen)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>5.Was Union Gen. Fremont's order emancipating
slaves in Missouri countermanded by Lincoln and the slaves sent back to their
masters?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>6. Why did New Jersey uphold its
"Lifetime apprentices" rule until 1866?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">7. Why were there six slave
states in the union (Maryland, Delaware, Kentucky, Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska –
1860 Census)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>during the War For Southern
Independence?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">8. Was there a U.S. Resolution
stating that the war had nothing to do with slavery? (</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">July 22, 1861)</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>THE CORWIN AMENDMENT<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>(The Keep Your Slaves Forever Amendment)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>March 1861<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">“No amendment shall be made to the Constitution which will
authorize or give to Congress the power to abolish or interfere, within any
State, with the domestic institutions thereof, including that of persons held
to labor or service by the laws of such state.”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">If the war was over slavery, all the South had to do was to
ratify the original 13<sup>th</sup> Amendment, the Corwin Amendment, and
slavery would have forever been protected by the Constitution.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Why did the South NOT accept this
amendment?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Because it was about tariffs,
not slavery. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">“The sole object of
this war,” said Grant, “is to restore the Union.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Should I become convinced it has any other
object, or that the Government designs using its soldiers to execute the wishes
of the Abolitionists, I pledge you my honor as a man and a soldier I would resign
my commission and carry my sword to the other side.”<b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>-Democratic Speaker’s Handbook, p. 33<o:p></o:p></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">"We didn't go into the war to put down slavery, but to
put the flag back; and to act differently at this moment would, I have no
doubt, not only weaken our cause, but smack of bad faith..." <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Abraham Lincoln</b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">"Amend the Constitution to
say it should never be altered to interfere with slavery."<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 9.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black;">Abraham Lincoln</span></b><span style="color: black;">, 24 December 1860, presenting his stand on slavery to the
Senate<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 3.0pt;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">"For the contest on the part of the North is now
undisguisedly for empire. The question of Slavery is thrown to the winds. There
was hardly any concession in its favor that the South could ask which the North
would refuse, provided only that the seceding States would re-enter the
Union...Away with the pretence on the North to dignify its cause with the name
of freedom to the slave! -- The Wigan Examiner, an English newspaper<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="background: white;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: black;">The North
invaded to regain lost federal tax revenue by keeping the Union intact by force
of arms. In his First Inaugural Lincoln promised to invade any state that
failed to collect "the duties and imposts," and he kept his promise.
On April 19, 1861, the reason Lincoln gave for his naval blockade of the
Southern ports was that "the collection of the revenue cannot be
effectually executed" in the states that had seceded. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">There was a bill before the US congress in 1862 which would have
abolished slavery. </span><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">It was "defeated", even though the Southern States were not in
the union.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in;"><span class="apple-style-span">Following is a paragraph
packing a dynamite punch. It is found in a fascinating article contained
in The SOUTHERN CAVALRY REVIEW , A PUBLICATION OF THE STUART-MOSBY HISTORICAL
SOCIETY. THE JOURNAL IS PRODUCED UNDER THE FINE HAND OF EDITOR VALERIE
PROTOPAPAS, A GREAT FRIEND OF THE SOUTH AND OF SOUTHERN TRUTH!</span><span style="font-size: 7.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-size: 7.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in;"><span class="apple-style-span">"The pretense that the
“abolition of slavery” was either a motive or justification for the war, is a
fraud of the same character with that of “maintaining the national honor.” Who,
but such usurpers, robbers, and murderers as they, ever established slavery? Or
what government, except one resting upon the sword, like the one we now have,
was ever capable of maintaining slavery? And why did these men abolish slavery?
Not from any love of liberty in general not as an act of justice to the black
man himself, but only “as a war measure,” and because they wanted his
assistance, and that of his friends, in carrying on the war they had undertaken
for maintaining and intensifying that political, commercial, and industrial
slavery, to which they have subjected the great body of the people, both black
and white. And yet these impostors now cry out that they have abolished the
chattel slavery of the black man although that was not the motive of the war as
if they thought they could thereby conceal, atone for, or justify that other
slavery which they were fighting to perpetuate, and to render more rigorous and
inexorable than it ever was before."</span><span style="font-size: 7.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in;"><span style="font-size: 7.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in;"><span class="apple-style-span">To read these words and know
that they came from the pen of one of the Union's most ardent abolitionists
(Lysander Spooner) is to give one a totally realistic perspective
of the Republicans' false claim that they "warred" to
"save" the slaves.</span><span style="font-size: 7.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">FACTS OF LINCOLN’S WAR<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Lincoln provoked the firing on Ft. Sumter by sending <span style="font-family: "Monotype Corsiva";">The Star of the West</span><span style="font-family: "Lucida Calligraphy";"> </span>with supplies and troops after
stating that he would not supply the fort. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Lincoln had 35,000 Northern citizens imprisoned who
disagreed with his war, and suspended <span style="font-family: "Monotype Corsiva";">habeas
corpus</span> and had the Supreme Court Justice arrested when he ruled against
him. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Lincoln closed more than 300 newspapers who did not agree
with him, censored all telegraph communications, waged war without
Congressional consent, illegally created the state of West Virginia, deported
an Ohio congressman, and arrested Maryland legislators and replaced them to
keep them from voting for secession.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Because Lincoln was losing the war, he issued his
Emancipation Proclamation, which he stated was a war measure to cause slave
insurrections, which did not happen.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">This proclamation freed not one solitary person.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Anyone who reads it can see it for
themselves.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Lincoln’s war was a war against secession, not slavery.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He could not bear to lose the excessive
revenues paid by the Southern states.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The South did not need the North, but the North needed the South’s
money, cotton, and needed to control the Mississippi River.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The brainwashed masses have been made to believe that the
war was a “moral war” to end the injustices of slavery.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Hogwash!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It was all about power and money.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The rich Northern bankers and industrialists needed the South. Slavery
did not enter into the picture until halfway through the war as the North was
losing. Then they tried to paint the picture of a moral crusade to end slavery.
Why did it take 22 million people of the North four years to defeat 5 million
people of the South?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The South was
outnumbered the entire war.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The South
was fighting with heart, for a reason.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The Southern soldier was fighting to defend his homeland from the illegal
invasion of Lincoln.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Northern
soldier was just following orders. The South fought with a purposed to escape
the tyranny of the North and stick to the Constitution, and return to a limited
government and get away from an all powerful centralized government, which our
Founders had warned against. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Why did Lincoln pay for 300,000 European socialists (the
same ones who had lost the socialist revolution of 1848) to join his army?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He could not win without their help. These
socialists saw the opportunity to succeed here where they had failed in Europe.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Lincoln’s army was experiencing massive desertions. Irish
immigrants were told the lie that the South had intentions of making slaves out
of them, so they joined up to fight. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Lincoln waged a total war campaign against the citizens of
the South, murdering, raping, looting, and burning were the norm for General
William T. Sherman and his ilk.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The victors write the history, and during Reconstruction
Northern teachers were sent in to start the brainwashing procedure on Southern
children.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For 150 years, the Yankee lie
of the war being about slavery has been fed to our youth, and they have been
made to believe their ancestors were traitors and committed treason against the
U.S.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They have been taught to be ashamed
of their heritage and history.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They have
been taught to say the socialist Pledge of Allegiance which rubs in the face of
the defeated the victory of the socialist backed North.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Why is it not taught in the schools that the North offered
“The Corwin Amendment” which would have forever protected slavery if the South
would accept it and rejoin the union?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The South did not care about the preservation of slavery as it was on
its way out, and slavery was not why the south seceded. Why is it not taught in
the schools that the following U.S. resolution was written stating that the war
was NOT about slavery?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<pre><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Remain in the Union to Perpetuate Slavery<o:p></o:p></span></b></pre><pre><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">“…[I]t is almost universally assumed as a fact that the war was waged by the Federal Government for the overthrow of African slavery, and by the South for the maintenance of that institution.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>[I]t is easy to show that it did not make war to emancipate the slaves, but that it liberated the slaves to help it to make war.<o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">For the proclamation came at a time when the Federal army that had besieged Richmond in the beginning of 1862 had barely saved Washington from the grasp of the half-starved, half-naked soldiers of the <o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">Confederacy. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was issued when those soldiers stood on the frontier of Virginia, challenging their adversaries to try again the issue left undetermined on the bloody field of Sharpsburg.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It came at a time when <o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">the Federal plan of campaign in Virginia for 1862 had failed, shattered at Manassas, shattered at Sharpsburg, and if there be not about it a painful suggestion of servile war as a possible aid to the restoration <o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">of Federal authority over the South, it is clear in the announcement that if the South could escape the threatened emancipation of the slaves, and all the consequences of that measure, by returning to the Union. <o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Emancipation, therefore, was used as a threat to the States that should continue to resist the Federal arms after the 1st day of January, 1863, and protection to slavery by the Federal Government was the reward <o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">promised to such States as should cease to resist.” <o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">(The Oration of Colonel Charles Marshall, 3 November, 1870, Southern Historical Society Papers, Vol. XVII, R.A. Brock, editor, 1889, pp. </span>217-218)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></pre>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p style="background: white;"><span style="color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">U.
S. tariff revenues already fell disproportionately on the South, accounting for
87% of the total. While the tariff protected Northern industrial interests, it
raised the cost of living and commerce in the South substantially. It also
reduced the trade value of their agricultural exports to Europe. These combined
to place a severe economic hardship on many Southern states. Even more galling
was that 80% or more of these tax revenues were expended on Northern public
works and industrial subsidies, thus further enriching the North at the expense
of the South. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Famous Quotes<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p><span style="color: black;">"The Northern onslaught upon slavery was no
more than a piece of specious humbug designed to conceal its desire for
economic control of the Southern states." <b>--Charles Dickens</b>, 1862 </span><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black;">Gen. Pat Cleburne</span></b><span style="color: black;">,
"Surrender means that the history of this heroic struggle will be written
by the enemy, that our youth will be trained by northern teachers and will
learn from northern books their version of the War, will be impressed by all
influences of history and education to regard our gallant dead as traitors and
our maimed veterans as fit subjects for derision." <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">"Governor, if I had foreseen
the use these people desired to make of their victory, there would have been no
surrender at Appomattox, no, sir, not by me. Had I seen these results of
subjugation, I would have preferred to die at Appomattox with my brave men, my
sword in this right hand." <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black;">-- General Robert E. Lee, CSA</span></b><span style="color: black;">, as told to Texas ex-governor F. W. Stockdale <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Simon Cameron</b>, Lincoln’s Secretary of
War, wrote to General Butler in New Orleans:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“President
Lincoln desires the right to hold slaves to be fully recognized.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The war is prosecuted for the Union, hence <u>no
question concerning slavery will arise</u>.”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">General Don Piatt</b>
says:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Lincoln well
knew that the North was <u>not fighting to free slaves</u>, nor was the South
fighting to preserve slavery.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In that
awful conflict slavery went to pieces.”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">As Mark Twin said, “It is easier to fool people than to
convince them they have been fooled”.<o:p></o:p></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-88048367192017327102021-05-16T10:18:00.001-05:002021-05-16T10:18:14.919-05:00WHERE IT ALL BEGAN<p>Where, and when,
did the War of Northern Aggression begin?
I submit that it did not begin with the firing on Ft. Sumter, nor with
the illegal invasion of Lincoln’s army.
Neither did it end with Lee’s surrender at Appomattox. The seeds of this great contest were sown
much earlier than that. No, the War was
not about slavery, as we have been wrongly taught since Reconstruction. Unfair and unconstitutional tariffs imposed
upon the South were a large issue which resulted in the secession of the first
few states. However, to get to the beginning of this needless conflict, we must
go back to 1796, just a few short years after our independence had been won
from Great Britain.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">From “Facts and Falsehoods Concerning the War on the South
1861 – 1865”, page 96, we see:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><br />
“From Carpenter’s Logic of History, published in 1864, From the “Olive Branch”,
published in 1814, and from the Pelham Papers, published in 1796, we learn:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">1<sup>st</sup>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That
the Federal leaders of New England, in 1796, advocated disunion, and were eager
to get New England to secede from the Union, and to form a Northeastern
Confederacy.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">2<sup>nd</sup>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On
finding that the common people of New England did not favor<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>secession, did not want disunion, did not
dislike the Southern States, and were proud of the Union, the Federal leaders
resorted to measures to convert the masses to their views on secession and
disunion.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">3<sup>rd</sup>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These
measures were of the meanest, the most contemptible character; were a direct
and base violation of the Ninth Commandment, “Thou shalt not bear false
witness.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Politicians, newspapers, and
preachers of New England engaged in the evil work of bearing false witness
against the people of the Southern States, whom they painted as “savages”, as
“barbarians,” as “demons incarnate,” as unfit to live in the “same Union with
the virtuous people of New England.”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">On page 97 of “Facts and Falsehoods”, we read:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“The following
extracts from the “Olive Branch” throw light on this subject:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>‘The
increasing effort to excite the public mind to that feverish state of discord,
jealousy, and exasperation, which was necessary to prepare it for the
consummation of their desire ( the secession of the Eastern States ), the
unholy spirit which inspired the writers of these dissolution sentiments has
been from the hour ( 1796 to the present 1814 ) increasingly employed to excite
hostility between the different sections of the Union.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To such horrible length has this spirit been
carried that many paragraphs have appeared in the Boston papers intended to
excite the negroes of the South to rise and massacre the whites.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is a species of baseness of which the
world has produced few examples.’<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The baseness was
indeed extraordinary in face of the fact that these efforts to instigate
negroes to rise and massacre the whites of the South were made while the people
of New England were still enriching themselves by carrying on the slave
traffic.”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So, while filling
their pockets with money from the slave trade, these New Englanders were
advocating for blacks in the South to rise up and murder white Southerners.
This was not only being printed in the newspapers of New England, but it also
was being preached from the pulpits as well. Lies, bearing “false witness”
against the South were intended to shape the thinking of the “common people” of
New England so that they would despise the South and wish to separate from it.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Bear in mind that
those advocating secession and who were slandering the South at this time were
of the “Hamiltonian” mindset, meaning that they were in favor of a large,
centralized, controlling government and not in favor of States’ rights.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They did not view the States as they actually
were; free and independent sovereigns bound together with the Constitution, for
their mutual benefit. The people of the South had the “Jeffersonian” mindset,
meaning they were opposed to a controlling government, like the one they had
just fought a war to free themselves from, and believed in individual liberty
and the independence of each individual State.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Also, we must keep in mind that the Northeast was largely Unitarian,
meaning they believed God existed in one person, not three.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was a huge difference from the beliefs
that Southerners held, that God exists in three persons, the Father, Son, and
Holy Spirit, as is taught in the Holy Bible. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On page 102 of
“Facts and Falsehoods”, we read:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“A convention in
Ohio in 1859 declared the Constitution was a compact to which each State
acceded as a State, and as an integral part, and that each State had the right
to judge for itself of infractions and of the mode and measure of redress, and
to this declaration Joshua Giddings, Wade, Chase and Dennison assented.”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So, it was common
knowledge that as each State had joined the Union, each also had the right to
withdraw if it felt that infractions of the Constitution were being suffered,
at least until it was actually put into practice by the South.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">It’s interesting to note that numerous times from the late
18<sup>th</sup> century through the first half of the 19<sup>th</sup> century
that the New England States threatened secession, yet no threat of war was made
against them to keep them in the Union. No one called them traitors for wanting
to secede from the Union.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, we
see a completely different picture when the Southern States, who were actually
being damaged by the excessive tariffs of the North, seceded to form its own
Confederacy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>People today call the
Confederates “traitors” and accuse them of “treason” for exercising their right
to withdraw from the Union.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Such people
are grossly ignorant of history and the truth.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have learned here
that the seeds of the War were sown many years before either side took up arms.
As stated earlier, the War did not end with the surrender of Lee at
Appomattox.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Yes, the military aspect of
the War ended, this is true, but the subjugation, economic, social, and
political phases of the North’s war upon the South were just beginning, and I
submit to you that they continue right up to the present day in this 21<sup>st</sup>
century.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>How can this claim be
made?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Look at the rewritten propaganda
taught in the government schools which is passed off as “history”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All the blame for the War and slavery are
laid at the feet of the South, even though it was the New England slave traders
who brought the slaves to America while flying Old Glory on their ships. The
Confederate Battle Flag is disparaged as being “the flag of slavery”, yet no
Confederate flag ever flew on a slave ship. The South must ever be bowing at
the stool of repentance, it would seem. What about the war waged by the media,
politicians, NAACP, and others against all things Southern and
Confederate?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Our flags, statues, and monuments
are being removed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Schools, streets, and
parks are having their names changed to erase any connection with Confederate
soldiers. Cultural genocide is being perpetrated against our heritage, history,
and heroes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These gallant men were not
fighting to preserve and perpetuate slavery.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Had they wanted to protect slavery, all they had to do was remain in the
Union where it was already protected by the Constitution. The Marxist myths, lies,
and propaganda have brainwashed millions over many decades, and it continues
today.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If everyone knew the truth about
our history, we would not be facing this evil campaign to rid our country of
memorials to brave, deserving men who fought an illegal invasion, and suffered
defeat and subjugation so that the Founders’ dream could be exterminated and
replaced with the centralized government which the victors so long desired.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Our Confederate
ancestors fought with honor and dignity, careful not to render unto the
civilians of the North the same horrors visited upon Southern civilians by the
Union army. The attacks upon Southern culture and honor continue through
Hollywood stereotyping, misleading and false documentaries on PBS and the
History Channel, and outright lies spouted by the media.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the DNA makeup of the true Southerner is
the belief that death has no sting like the stain of falsehood, and the
certainty of death at any time is preferable to the possibility of dishonor. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As I have told many
anti Confederates who call us “losers”, there is no disgrace in losing if you
fought honorably, bravely, and for a just cause. Though the bones of our dead
Confederates moulder in the bosom of the Earth, the honor and dignity with
which they defended their homeland reflect the virtues of the Southern people,
and we may confidently hope that their souls will bloom eternally. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Jeff Paulk<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Tulsa, OK<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">3/24/18<o:p></o:p></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-1853786289288793602021-05-16T10:15:00.003-05:002021-05-16T10:15:21.775-05:00THE REAL REASON CONFEDERATE SYMBOLS ARE UNDER ATTACK<p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Bookman Old Style", serif; font-size: 24px;"><b>By Jeff Paulk</b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">In the few days since Governor
Benedict Arnold Bentley took it upon himself to remove the flags from this
beautiful monument, Ruffin Flag Co. of Georgia has sold close to 30,000
Confederate flags. 22,000 of them were sold in one day, and they ran out when they
sold 3000 more by 11:00 clock the next morning. I was told by phone
conversation with their office yesterday morning that what they have sold in
less than 2 days represents what they would normally sell in a year! There is
no denying that the unconscionable act of one mis-guided man has struck a loud
resonating chord with people all across the South, and it's safe to say that
the South has cast a unanimous vote in favor of the Confederate flag, loud and
clear, in these past few days, with their pocketbooks, and no need of a word
being spoken!</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Today, regardless of the media
hype, the divisive un-truths spouted by race baiting politicians, and the
continual harping about Confederate symbols being icons of hate, the real
Southern people know, and will always know what the Confederacy stood for...and
it was not SLAVERY!! And because we know, and those people know we know, they
realized a long time ago that if their agenda was to triumph, that what we know
must be stomped out!! And … what is that we know, that they hate? We know that
the foundations of liberty are the unalienable rights granted us by our
creator. And that is the much deeper and well hidden reason why we see, and
have seen Confederate symbols, (especially our flags) come constantly under
attack. They know that this knowledge must be eradicated before they can ever
achieve a totalitarian socialist state without dissent!</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Some, whom may not yet
understand, may ask; “what has this to do with our Confederate flags?” And I
will say to them; Look at who you are?; Look at where you came from?; Look at
the contributions of your Southern ancestors to the documents that were
designed to enforce that no man, or group of men would trample upon your
God-given liberty. Look at the lives lost, blood spilled and wealth lost by
Southern men in the American Revolution….And then… Look at, and study, the
history of what your later ancestors sacrificed, in blood and wealth trying to
preserve what their fathers and grandfathers fought and sacrificed to give
them. And let us not leave out 10 years of military occupation in every
southern state by the Yankee army until 1876! And Look at where we are today,
as opposed to only a couple of decades ago? Those of you 50 years old and older
look at how much freedom has been lost just in your lifetime? And when you have
looked, and understood, you will realize that you live in the last stronghold
of those who still believe that God, and not man, is the giver of
liberty...that morality is outlined in God's Book of Rules, and those rules are
not flexible, nor subject to reinterpretation at the whims of a group of
morally decadent black robed thugs, or a bunch of self serving greedy
politicians!</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">And when you study the history
of your people in the South and learn of the symbolic meanings that our sacred
Confederate flags have carried forward in time, you will then know the real
reason that those people want them down, and out of sight! And when, and if,
they are successful in eradicating your flags…. The next step towards their
goal will be to come for your Bibles! For a totalitarian state will not
tolerate God at the top of the pile! Study the French Revolution where the
beginnings of socialism originated; The Church and religion were persecuted and
the exercise of religious beliefs was made unlawful. Better yet, or worse,
depending on your point of view, study the regime of Joseph Stalin who was an
avowed atheist and closed down some 50,000 Russian Orthodox churches during his
tenure as Russia's dictator in chief.</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">A few days ago Alabama's new
dictator in chief, Benedict Arnold Bentley took it upon himself to ignore the
hearts of at least 75% of his constituency and desecrate this monument and
dishonor 30,000 of your ancestors who fought trying to preserve our state
sovereignty and independence. The only recent similar act that may be more
reprehensible is that of the removal of the flags of the Army of Northern Va.
From the tomb of Gen. Robert E. Lee in Lee Chapel, but at least it was a group
of Yankees that was responsible for that one. Benedict Arnold Bentley was a
Southerner up until June 24, 2015. On that day he became a dictator and from
that day until he puts our flags back up where they belong we will know him as
a Turncoat!! I would like to add that no one here condones the heinous acts of
murder in S.C. In all of the mass murders and suicides for the past 20 years, a
little research shows that in nearly every one of them the perpetrator was on,
or had been on, prescription psychotropic drugs. It was no different in S.C.
but the media dares not point it's accusing finger at the mental health
profession or the pharmaceutical companies or the FDA who is supposed to test
the safety of drugs. They would rather take Rahm Emmanuel's advice: It would be
a shame to let a good crisis go to waste!</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> In a postscript, I
add the following to what I've said above: We now have a classic example of the
twisted thinking that drives the cultural genocide, with the speech of Rep.
Jenny Horne in the SC house who claims to be a descendant of Jefferson Davis!
The media is crediting her with swinging the vote in favor of removing the
Confederate flag from the Confederate monument on the grounds of the SC
Capitol.</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> I'm sure that
President Davis turned over in his grave and disowned her as a descendant! He
certainly would have disowned her if he could know that she was a member of the
Republican party! I only have 3 things to say about this: She is an emotionally
driven irrational female, she is a lawyer, she is a Republican politician.</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Abraham Lincoln is her male
counterpart. I'm sure he would give her his blessings!</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">I was moved by all this to
write a little poem, I hope y'all will take it's message to heart.</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Yours for and end to Tyranny,</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> RebBill</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Raise your Southern Crosses
high</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Fly them tall in wind, and sky</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">For every one they vote away</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Raise 3 more the very next day!</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Fly it from your housetops</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Plant it in your sod</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Let the Lefties know</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">It's a symbol of our God</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Fly one on your home,</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">fly one on your lawn</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Keep it waving proudly</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">from night to dusky dawn</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Fly one from your car,</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">or wherever there's a space</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Keep it flying night and day</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">forever, in their face</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">And from this day remember</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">what's written on this page</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">that those who hate our
Southern ways</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">deserve our Southern rage</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">You have no voice in politics</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Your votes have brought you
naught</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">You gave them a majority</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">and look at what you got</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">And upon the stupid tube</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">your voice will not be heard</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">The media is all controlled</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">They'll have the final word</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Your vote will only bring you
more</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">of what you've just endured</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">So now it comes on down to
this;</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">the only vote you have,</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">is the dollar in your pocket</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white;"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">and to fly your Rebel flag!</span><span style="color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-59855187308409843942021-05-16T10:12:00.005-05:002021-05-16T10:12:47.938-05:00March 11, 1861: Confederate Constitution Adopted<p><b>By Jeff Paulk</b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">It has always
been intriguing to me, that as microscopically studied as the WBTS has been
over the years, that more attention has not been paid to the Confederate
Constitution. It is a fascinating document. Crafted by men who had lived
their entire lives under the United States Constitution and who had served in
the Federal government, its similarities and differences illuminate what these
men thought was good with the old Constitution and what needed
improvement. <br />
<br />
This Constitution took the place of the Provisional Constitution of the
Confederacy, a document that by its own terms was meant to be temporary and had
a hurried, improvised feel to it. The permanent Confederate Constitution was
the product of more mature reflection and the additional time that the drafters
had to think about this new government and nation they were helping to
midwife. Here are some observations on this document:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">The Preamble of the Constitution invokes God. Maybe
1861 was a more religious time than 1787? Or maybe The Faith was just more
important to our Southern Fathers than to their Northern counterparts?</span><o:p></o:p></li>
</ul>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Article I dealing with Congress is quite similar to
that Article in the US Constitution with some significant changes:
State legislatures were given the power to impeach their members of
Congress on a two/thirds vote. Each House of the Confederate
Congress could allocate seats to the heads of Executive Departments, in
order to allow them to discuss the activities of their Departments, which
seems to be an attempt to adopt the practice of the British
Parliament. The President of the Confederacy was granted a line item
veto, but any bill on which he exercised such a veto would be resubmitted
to Congress with such a veto being overridden by a two-thirds vote.
Congress was forbidden to allocate funds for internal improvements not set
forth explicitly in the Constitution, such improvements being limited to
waterways and coastal navigation improvements. The Bill of Rights of
the US Constitution was set forth in Article I, except for the ninth and
tenth amendments which were set forth in Article VI. All
appropriations had to pass by a two-thirds vote, except as otherwise
enumerated in the Confederate Constitution. All bills appropriating
money had to list the exact amount being appropriated and the purpose for
which the funds were to be appropriate. All bills had to have a
single subject which was to be set out in the title to the bill.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l6 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Under Article II Presidents were to be limited to a
single six year term. The only two term President during the
adult lives of the men involved in drafting the Confederate Constitution
would have been Andrew Jackson, and even his most ardent partisans would
have admitted that his second term had been rocky. The frustrated
desires of many Presidents following Jackson for a second term might have
been regarded as a source of friction best avoided altogether under the
new government. Confederate Presidents had to have resided within
the bounds of the Confederacy for 14 years. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Article III dictated that no State could be sued in
the Confederate court system by a citizen or a subject of any foreign
State.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Article IV made a two-thirds vote necessary for a
State to be admitted to the Confederacy.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Article V required only a two-thirds vote of the
States to amend the Confederate Constitution.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo7; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">The most significant differences with the Federal
Constitution were on the various issues arising on the question of
slavery. The Confederate document used the terms slaves and
slavery. The international slave trade is banned and Congress is
given the power to ban the importation of slaves from any North American
jurisdiction not a member of the Confederacy. These provisions began the
ticking of the clock of what would have been the eventual elimination of
slavery. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><o:p> </o:p></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Here is the
text of the Confederate Constitution:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Preamble</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">We,
the people of the Confederate States, each State acting in its sovereign and
independent character, in order to form a permanent federal government,
establish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, and secure the blessings of
liberty to ourselves and our posterity invoking the favor and guidance of
Almighty God do ordain and establish this Constitution for the Confederate
States of America.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Article
I<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Section
I. All legislative powers herein delegated shall be vested in a Congress of the
Confederate States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of
Representatives.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Sec.
2. (I) The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every
second year by the people of the several States; and the electors in each State
shall be citizens of the Confederate States, and have the qualifications
requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State Legislature;
but no person of foreign birth, not a citizen of the Confederate States, shall
be allowed to vote for any officer, civil or political, State or Federal.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(2)
No person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained the age of
twenty-five years, and be a citizen of the Confederate States, and who shall
not when elected, be an inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(3)
Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several States,
which may be included within this Confederacy, according to their respective
numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free
persons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding
Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all slaves. ,The actual enumeration shall be
made within three years after the first meeting of the Congress of the
Confederate States, and within every subsequent term of ten years, in such
manner as they shall by law direct. The number of Representatives shall not
exceed one for every fifty thousand, but each State shall have at least one
Representative; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of South
Carolina shall be entitled to choose six; the State of Georgia ten; the State
of Alabama nine; the State of Florida two; the State of Mississippi seven; the
State of Louisiana six; and the State of Texas six.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(4)
When vacancies happen in the representation from any State the executive
authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(5) The House
of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other officers; and shall
have the sole power of impeachment; except that any judicial or other Federal
officer, resident and acting solely within the limits of any State, may be
impeached by a vote of two-thirds of both branches of the Legislature thereof.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Sec.
3. (I) The Senate of the Confederate States shall be composed of two Senators
from each State, chosen for six years by the Legislature thereof, at the
regular session next immediately preceding the commencement of the term of
service; and each Senator shall have one vote.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(2)
Immediately after they shall be assembled, in consequence of the first
election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. The
seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of
the second year; of the second class at the expiration of the fourth year; and
of the third class at the expiration of the sixth year; so that one-third may
be chosen every second year; and if vacancies happen by resignation, or other
wise, during the recess of the Legislature of any State, the Executive thereof
may make temporary appointments until the next meeting of the Legislature,
which shall then fill such vacancies.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(3)
No person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained the age of thirty
years, and be a citizen of the Confederate States; and who shall not, then
elected, be an inhabitant of the State for which he shall be chosen.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(4)
The Vice President of the Confederate States shall be president of the Senate,
but shall have no vote unless they be equally divided.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(5)
The Senate shall choose their other officers; and also a president pro tempore
in the absence of the Vice President, or when he shall exercise the office of
President of the Confederate states.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(6)
The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments. When sitting for
that purpose, they shall be on oath or affirmation. When the President of the
Confederate States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside; and no person
shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members present.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(7)
Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from
office, and disqualification to hold any office of honor, trust, or profit
under the Confederate States; but the party convicted shall, nevertheless, be
liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment, and punishment according to
law.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Sec.
4. (I) The times, places, and manner of holding elections for Senators and
Representatives shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof,
subject to the provisions of this Constitution; but the Congress may, at any
time, by law, make or alter such regulations, except as to the times and places
of choosing Senators.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(2)
The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year; and such meeting shall
be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall, by law, appoint a
different day.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Sec.
5. (I) Each House shall be the judge of the elections, returns, and
qualifications of its own members, and a majority of each shall constitute a
quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and
may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent members, in such manner
and under such penalties as each House may provide.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(2)
Each House may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for
disorderly behavior, and, with the concurrence of two-thirds of the whole
number, expel a member.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(3)
Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to time
publish the same, excepting such parts as may in their judgment require
secrecy; and the yeas and nays of the members of either House, on any question,
shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be entered on the journal.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(4)
Neither House, during the session of Congress, shall, without the consent of
the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that
in which the two Houses shall be sitting.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Sec.
6. (I) The Senators and Representatives shall receive a compensation for their
services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the Treasury of the
Confederate States. They shall, in all cases, except treason, felony, and
breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the
session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the
same; and for any speech or debate in either House, they shall not be
questioned in any other place. 'o Senator or Representative shall, during the
time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office under the
authority of the Confederate States, which shall have been created, or the emoluments
whereof shall have been increased during such time; and no person holding any
office under the Confederate States shall be a member of either House during
his continuance in office. But Congress may, by law, grant to the principal
officer in each of the Executive Departments a seat upon the floor of either
House, with the privilege of discussing any measures appertaining to his
department.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Sec.
7. (I) All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of
Representatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments, as on
other bills.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(2)
Every bill which shall have passed both Houses, shall, before it becomes a law,
be presented to the President of the Confederate States; if he approve, he
shall sign it; but if not, he shall return it, with his objections, to that
House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the objections at
large on their journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If, after such
reconsideration, two-thirds of that House shall agree to pass the bill, it shall
be sent, together with the objections, to the other House, by which it shall
likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two-thirds of that House, it shall
become a law. But in all such cases, the votes of both Houses shall be
determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for and
against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each House respective}y. If
any bill shall not be returned by the President within ten days (Sundays
excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law,
in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress, by their
adjournment, prevent its return; in which case it shall not be a law. The
President may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation
in the same bill. In such case he shall, in signing the bill, designate the
appropriations disapproved; and shall return a copy of such appropriations,
with his objections, to the House in which the bill shall have originated; and
the same proceedings shall then be had as in case of other bills disapproved by
the President.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(3) Every
order, resolution, or vote, to which the concurrence of both Houses may be
necessary (except on a question of adjournment) shall be presented to the
President of the Confederate States; and before the same shall take effect,
shall be approved by him; or, being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by
two-thirds of both Houses, according to the rules and limitations prescribed in
case of a bill.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Sec.
8. The Congress shall have power-<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(I)
To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises for revenue, necessary
to pay the debts, provide for the common defense, and carry on the Government
of the Confederate States; but no bounties shall be granted from the Treasury;
nor shall any duties or taxes on importations from foreign nations be laid to
promote or foster any branch of industry; and all duties, imposts, and excises
shall be uniform throughout the Confederate States.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(2)
To borrow money on the credit of the Confederate States.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(3)
To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several States, and
with the Indian tribes; but neither this, nor any other clause contained in the
Constitution, shall ever be construed to delegate the power to Congress to
appropriate money for any internal improvement intended to facilitate commerce;
except for the purpose of furnishing lights, beacons, and buoys, and other aids
to navigation upon the coasts, and the improvement of harbors and the removing
of obstructions in river navigation; in all which cases such duties shall be
laid on the navigation facilitated thereby as may be necessary to pay the costs
and expenses thereof.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(4)
To establish uniform laws of naturalization, and uniform laws on the subject of
bankruptcies, throughout the Confederate States; but no law of Congress shall
discharge any debt contracted before the passage of the same.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(5)
To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and fix the
standard of weights and measures.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(6)
To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and current coin
of the Confederate States.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(7)
To establish post offices and post routes; but the expenses of the Post Office
Department, after the Ist day of March in the year of our Lord eighteen hundred
and sixty-three, shall be paid out of its own revenues.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(8)
To promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing for limited
times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings
and discoveries.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(9)
To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(10)
To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and
offenses against the law of nations.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(11)
To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning
captures on land and water.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(12)
To raise and support armies; but no appropriation of money to that use shall be
for a longer term than two years.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(13)
To provide and maintain a navy.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(14)
To make rules for the government and regulation of the land and naval forces.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(15)
To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the Confederate
States, suppress insurrections, and repel invasions.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(16)
To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining the militia, and for
governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the
Confederate States; reserving to the States, respectively, the appointment of
the officers, and the authority of training the militia according to the
discipline prescribed by Congress.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(17)
To exercise exclusive legislation, in all cases whatsoever, over such district
(not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of one or more States and
the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of the Government of the
Confederate States; and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by
the consent of the Legislature of the State in which the same shall be, for the
. erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dockyards, and other needful
buildings; and<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(18)
To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into
execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this
Constitution in the Government of the Confederate States, or in any department
or officer thereof.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Sec.
9. (I) The importation of negroes of the African race from any foreign country
other than the slaveholding States or Territories of the United States of
America, is hereby forbidden; and Congress is required to pass such laws as
shall effectually prevent the same.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(2)
Congress shall also have power to prohibit the introduction of slaves from any
State not a member of, or Territory not belonging to, this Confederacy.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(3)
The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when
in cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(4)
No bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law denying or impairing the right
of property in negro slaves shall be passed.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(5)
No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid, unless in proportion to the
census or enumeration hereinbefore directed to be taken.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(6)
No tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported from any State, except by a
vote of two-thirds of both Houses.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(7)
No preference shall be given by any regulation of commerce or revenue to the
ports of one State over those of another.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(8)
No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in consequence of appropriations
made by law; and a regular statement and account of the receipts and
expenditures of all public money shall be published from time to time.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(9)
Congress shall appropriate no money from the Treasury except by a vote of
two-thirds of both Houses, taken by yeas and nays, unless it be asked and
estimated for by some one of the heads of departments and submitted to Congress
by the President; or for the purpose of paying its own expenses and
contingencies; or for the payment of claims against the Confederate States, the
justice of which shall have been judicially declared by a tribunal for the
investigation of claims against the Government, which it is hereby made the
duty of Congress to establish.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(10)
All bills appropriating money shall specify in Federal currency the exact
amount of each appropriation and the purposes for which it is made; and
Congress shall grant no extra compensation to any public contractor, officer,
agent, or servant, after such contract shall have been made or such service
rendered.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(11)
No title of nobility shall be granted by the Confederate States; and no person
holding any office of profit or trust under them shall, without the consent of
the Congress, accept of any present, emolument, office, or title of any kind
whatever, from any king, prince, or foreign state.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(12)
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or
prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or
of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the
Government for a redress of grievances.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(13)
A well-regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the
right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(14)
No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house without the
consent of the owner; nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by
law.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(15)
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and
effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated; and
no warrants shall issue but upon probable cause, supported by oath or
affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the
persons or things to be seized.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(16)
No person shall be held to answer for a capital or otherwise infamous crime,
unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising
in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service in time
of war or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offense
to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor be compelled, in any criminal
case, to be a witness against himself; nor be deprived of life, liberty, or
property without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for
public use, without just compensation.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(17)
In all criminal prosecutions the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and
public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime
shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously
ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the
accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory
process for obtaining witnesses in his favor; and to have the assistance of
counsel for his defense.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(18)
In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty
dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved; and no fact so tried by
a jury shall be otherwise reexamined in any court of the Confederacy, than
according to the rules of common law.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(19)
Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel
and unusual punishments inflicted.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(20)
Every law, or resolution having the force of law, shall relate to but one
subject, and that shall be expressed in the title.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Sec.
10. (I) No State shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation; grant
letters of marque and reprisal; coin money; make anything but gold and silver
coin a tender in payment of debts; pass any bill of attainder, or ex post facto
law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts; or grant any title of
nobility.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(2)
No State shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any imposts or duties
on imports or exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing its
inspection laws; and the net produce of all duties and imposts, laid by any
State on imports, or exports, shall be for the use of the Treasury of the
Confederate States; and all such laws shall be subject to the revision and
control of Congress.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(3)
No State shall, without the consent of Congress, lay any duty on tonnage,
except on seagoing vessels, for the improvement of its rivers and harbors
navigated by the said vessels; but such duties shall not conflict with any
treaties of the Confederate States with foreign nations; and any surplus
revenue thus derived shall, after making such improvement, be paid into the
common treasury. Nor shall any State keep troops or ships of war in time of
peace, enter into any agreement or compact with another State, or with a
foreign power, or engage in war, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent
danger as will not admit of delay. But when any river divides or flows through
two or more States they may enter into compacts with each other to improve the
navigation thereof.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">ARTICLE
II<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Section
I. (I) The executive power shall be vested in a President of the Confederate
States of America. He and the Vice President shall hold their offices for the
term of six years; but the President shall not be reeligible. The President and
Vice President shall be elected as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(2)
Each State shall appoint, in such manner as the Legislature thereof may direct,
a number of electors equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives
to which the State may be entitled in the Congress; but no Senator or
Representative or person holding an office of trust or profit under the
Confederate States shall be appointed an elector.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(3)
The electors shall meet in their respective States and vote by ballot for
President and Vice President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant
of the same State with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person
voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice
President, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for as
President, and of all persons voted for as Vice President, and of the number of
votes for each, which lists they shall sign and certify, and transmit, sealed,
to the seat of the Government of. the Confederate States, directed to the President
of the Senate; the President of the Senate shall,in the presence of the Senate
and House of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall
then be counted; the person having the greatest number of votes for President
shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of
electors appointed; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons
having the highest numbers, not exceeding three, on the list of those voted for
as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot,
the President. But in choosing the President the votes shall be taken by
States, the representation from each State having one vote; a quorum for this
purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the States, and
a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. And if the House
of Representatives shall not choose a President, whenever the right of choice
shall devolve upon them, before the 4th day of March next following, then the Vice
President shall act as President, as in case of the death, or other
constitutional disability of the President.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(4)
The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice President shall be the
Vice President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors
appointed; and if no person have a majority, then, from the two highest numbers
on the list, the Senate shall choose the Vice President; a quorum for the
purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Senators, and a
majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(5)
But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be
eligible to that of Vice President of the Confederate States.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(6)
The Congress may determine the time of choosing the electors, and the day on
which they shall give their votes; which day shall be the same throughout the
Confederate States.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(7)
No person except a natural-born citizen of the Confederate; States, or a
citizen thereof at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, or a citizen
thereof born in the United States prior to the 20th of December, 1860, shall be
eligible to the office of President; neither shall any person be eligible to
that office who shall not have attained the age of thirty-five years, and been fourteen
years a resident within the limits of the Confederate States, as they may exist
at the time of his election.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(8)
In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his death,
resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of said office,
the same shall devolve on the Vice President; and the Congress may, by law,
provide for the case of removal, death, resignation, or inability, both of the
President and Vice President, declaring what officer shall then act as
President; and such officer shall act accordingly until the disability be
removed or a President shall be elected.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(9)
The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services a compensation,
which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the period for which he
shall have been elected; and he shall not receive within that period any other
emolument from the Confederate States, or any of them.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(10)
Before he enters on the execution of his office he shall take the following
oath or affirmation:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Sec.
2. (I) The President shall be Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy of the
Confederate States, and of the militia of the several States, when called into
the actual service of the Confederate States; he may require the opinion, in
writing, of the principal officer in each of the Executive Departments, upon
any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices; and he shall
have power to grant reprieves and pardons for offenses against the Confederate
States, except in cases of impeachment.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(2)
He shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to make
treaties; provided two-thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall
nominate, and by and with the advice and consent of the Senate shall appoint,
ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, judges of the Supreme Court,
and all other officers of the Confederate States whose appointments are not
herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by law; but the
Congress may, by law, vest the appointment of such inferior officers, as they
think proper, in the President alone, in the courts of law, or in the heads of
departments.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(3)
The principal officer in each of the Executive Departments, and all persons
connected with the diplomatic service, may be removed from office at the
pleasure of the President. All other civil officers of the Executive
Departments may be removed at any time by the President, or other appointing
power, when their services are unnecessary, or for dishonesty, incapacity.
inefficiency, misconduct, or neglect of duty; and when so removed, the removal
shall be reported to the Senate, together with the reasons therefor.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(4)
The President shall have power to fill all vacancies that may happen during the
recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of
their next session; but no person rejected by the Senate shall be reappointed
to the same office during their ensuing recess.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Sec.
3. (I) The President shall, from time to time, give to the Congress information
of the state of the Confederacy, and recommend to their consideration such
measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary
occasions, convene both Houses, or either of them; and in case of disagreement
between them, with respect to the time of adjournment, he may adjourn them to
such time as he shall think proper; he shall receive ambassadors and other
public ministers; he shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed, and
shall commission all the officers of the Confederate States.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Sec.
4. (I) The President, Vice President, and all civil officers of the Confederate
States, shall be removed from office on impeachment for and conviction of
treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">ARTICLE
III<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Section
I. (I) The judicial power of the Confederate States shall be vested in one
Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may, from time to
time, ordain and establish. The judges, both of the Supreme and inferior
courts, shall hold their offices during good behavior, and shall, at stated
times, receive for their services a compensation which shall not be diminished
during their continuance in office.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Sec.
2. (I) The judicial power shall extend to all cases arising under this
Constitution, the laws of the Confederate States, and treaties made, or which
shall be made, under their authority; to all cases affecting ambassadors, other
public ministers and consuls; to all cases of admiralty and maritime
jurisdiction; to controversies to which the Confederate States shall be a party;
to controversies between two or more States; between a State and citizens of
another State, where the State is plaintiff; between citizens claiming lands
under grants of different States; and between a State or the citizens thereof,
and foreign states, citizens, or subjects; but no State shall be sued by a
citizen or subject of any foreign state.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(2)
In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and
those in which a State shall be a party, the Supreme Court shall have original
jurisdiction. In all the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court shall
have appellate jurisdiction both as to law and fact, with such exceptions and
under such regulations as the Congress shall make.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(3)
The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be by jury, and
such trial shall be held in the State where the said crimes shall have been
committed; but when not committed within any State, the trial shall be at such
place or places as the Congress may by law have directed.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Sec.
3. (I) Treason against the Confederate States shall consist only in levying war
against.them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No
person shall be convicted of treason unless on the testimony of two witnesses
to the same overt act, or on confession in open court.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(2)
The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason; but no
attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood, or forfeiture, except
during the life of the person attainted.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">ARTICLE
IV<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Section
I. (I) Full faith and credit shall be given in each State to the public acts,
records, and judicial proceedings of every other State; and the Congress may,
by general laws, prescribe the manner in which such acts, records, and
proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Sec.
2. (I) The citizens of each State shall be entitled to all the privileges and
immunities of citizens in the several States; and shall have the right of
transit and sojourn in any State of this Confederacy, with their slaves and
other property; and the right of property in said slaves shall not be thereby
impaired.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(2)
A person charged in any State with treason, felony, or other crime against the
laws of such State, who shall flee from justice, and be found in another State,
shall, on demand of the executive authority of the State from which he fled, be
delivered up, to be removed to the State having jurisdiction of the crime.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(3)
No slave or other person held to service or labor in any State or Territory of
the Confederate States, under the laws thereof, escaping or lawfully carried
into another, shall, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be
discharged from such service or labor; but shall be delivered up on claim of
the party to whom such slave belongs,. or to whom such service or labor may be
due.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Sec.
3. (I) Other States may be admitted into this Confederacy by a vote of
two-thirds of the whole House of Representatives and two-thirds of the Senate,
the Senate voting by States; but no new State shall be formed or erected within
the jurisdiction of any other State, nor any State be formed by the junction of
two or more States, or parts of States, without the consent of the Legislatures
of the States concerned, as well as of the Congress.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(2)
The Congress shall have power to dispose of and make allneedful rules and
regulations concerning the property of the Confederate States, including the
lands thereof.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(3)
The Confederate States may acquire new territory; and Congress shall have power
to legislate and provide governments for the inhabitants of all territory
belonging to the Confederate States, lying without the limits of the several
Sates; and may permit them, at such times, and in such manner as it may by law
provide, to form States to be admitted into the Confederacy. In all such
territory the institution of negro slavery, as it now exists in the Confederate
States, shall be recognized and protected be Congress and by the Territorial
government; and the inhabitants of the several Confederate States and
Territories shall have the right to take to such Territory any slaves lawfully
held by them in any of the States or Territories of the Confederate States.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">(4)
The Confederate States shall guarantee to every State that now is, or hereafter
may become, a member of this Confederacy, a republican form of government; and
shall protect each of them against invasion; and on application of the
Legislature or of the Executive when the Legislature is not in session) against
domestic violence.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">ARTICLE
V<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Section
I. (I) Upon the demand of any three States, legally assembled in their several
conventions, the Congress shall summon a convention of all the States, to take
into consideration such amendments to the Constitution as the said States shall
concur in suggesting at the time when the said demand is made; and should any
of the proposed amendments to the Constitution be agreed on by the said
convention, voting by States, and the same be ratified by the Legislatures of
two- thirds of the several States, or by conventions in two-thirds thereof, as
the one or the other mode of ratification may be proposed by the general
convention, they shall thenceforward form a part of this Constitution. But no
State shall, without its consent, be deprived of its equal representation in
the Senate.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">ARTICLE
VI<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">I.
The Government established by this Constitution is the successor of the
Provisional Government of the Confederate States of America, and all the laws
passed by the latter shall continue in force until the same shall be repealed
or modified; and all the officers appointed by the same shall remain in office
until their successors are appointed and qualified, or the offices abolished.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">2.
All debts contracted and engagements entered into before the adoption of this
Constitution shall be as valid against the Confederate States under this
Constitution, as under the Provisional Government.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">3.
This Constitution, and the laws of the Confederate States made in pursuance
thereof, and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of
the Confederate States, shall be the supreme law of the land; and the judges in
every State shall be bound thereby, anything in the constitution or laws of any
State to the contrary notwithstanding.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">4.
The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the members of the
several State Legislatures, and all executive and judicial officers, both of
the Confederate States and of the several States, shall be bound by oath or
affirmation to support this Constitution; but no religious test shall ever be
required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the Confederate
States.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">5.
The enumeration, in the Constitution, of certain rights shall not be construed
to deny or disparage others retained by the people of the several States.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">6.
The powers not delegated to the Confederate States by the Constitution, nor
prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States, respectively, or to
the people thereof.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">ARTICLE
VII<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">I.
The ratification of the conventions of five States shall be sufficient for the
establishment of this Constitution between the States so ratifying the same.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">2.
When five States shall have ratified this Constitution, in the manner before
specified, the Congress under the Provisional Constitution shall prescribe the
time for holding the election of President and Vice President; and for the
meeting of the Electoral College; and for counting the votes, and inaugurating
the President. They shall, also, prescribe the time for holding the first
election of members of Congress under this Constitution, and the time for
assembling the same. Until the assembling of such Congress, the Congress under
the Provisional Constitution shall continue to exercise the legislative powers
granted them; not extending beyond the time limited by the Constitution of the
Provisional Government.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;">Adopted
unanimously by the Congress of the Confederate States of South Carolina,
Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas, sitting in
convention at the capitol, the city of Montgomery, Ala., on the eleventh day of
March, in the year eighteen hundred and Sixty-one.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;"><br />
HOWELL COBB, President of the Congress.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;"><br />
South Carolina: R. Barnwell Rhett, C. G. Memminger, Wm. Porcher Miles, James
Chesnut, Jr., R. W. Barnwell, William W. Boyce, Lawrence M. Keitt, T. J.
Withers.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;"><br />
Georgia: Francis S. Bartow, Martin J. Crawford, Benjamin H. Hill, Thos. R. R.
Cobb.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;"><br />
Florida: Jackson Morton, J. Patton Anderson, Jas. B. Owens.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;"><br />
Alabama: Richard W. Walker, Robt. H. Smith, Colin J. McRae, William P. Chilton,
Stephen F. Hale, David P. Lewis, Tho. Fearn, Jno. Gill Shorter, J. L. M. Curry.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;"><br />
Mississippi: Alex. M. Clayton, James T. Harrison, William S. Barry, W. S.
Wilson, Walker Brooke, W. P. Harris, J. A. P. Campbell.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;"><br />
Louisiana: Alex. de Clouet, C. M. Conrad, Duncan F. Kenner, Henry Marshall.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif;"><br />
Texas: John Hemphill, Thomas N. Waul, John H. Reagan, Williamson S. Oldham,
Louis T. Wigfall, John Gregg, William Beck Ochiltree.<o:p></o:p></span></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-89687332198447473072021-04-27T08:32:00.001-05:002021-04-27T08:32:18.896-05:00Amac Magazine, April 2021 Edition<p> <span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Dear Amac Magazine, 4/27/21</span></p><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">In your April 2021 edition there is an article entitled "Morality and Leadership" which praises Abraham Lincoln for "keeping the country intact" and that he did "remove the scourge of slavery from America forever". By his efforts to "keep the country intact", he violated the Constitution and illegally invaded the legally seceded Southern states. It is well documented how his armies burned, murdered, looted, and raped their way across the South, leaving behind starving and totally destitute old men, women, and children (those who were "fortunate" enough to survive). Their atrocities were not only directed at the whites, but the blacks as well.</div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><br /></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">As for "removing the scourge of slavery forever", it is obvious that you are not aware that his Emancipation Proclamation freed not one solitary soul. The only proof needed to substantiate this claim is to simply read the Proclamation. It was the 13th Amendment that abolished slavery eight months after the war, not Lincoln. The war was going badly for the North which is why Lincoln came up with his Proclamation to give the appearance of a "moral campaign". As he stated, it was a war measure. It was intended to cause a slave insurrection, which did not happen, and to keep Europe from coming to the aid of the Confederacy.</div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><br /></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">The false narrative so common and accepted is that the war was about "freeing the slaves" and "saving the Union". If the war was about ending slavery, then there are at least two questions needing an answer. 1) Why did the North not first free the more than 429,000 slaves held in the Union AFTER the South seceded? 2) Why did Lincoln support the Corwin Amendment which would have forever made it illegal to abolish slavery if the seceded states would just return to the Union and ratify it? They refused. Why would they do that if they wanted to "protect slavery? (It was already protect in the Constitution. They had only to stay in the Union to "protect" it). </div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><br /></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">No, Lincoln's War of Northern Aggression was not about slavery, but about forcing the legally seceded states back into the Union for the continued collection of excessive and unconstitutional tariffs. The South was paying 85% of the federal revenues, and only had 1/3 of the population. Northern railroads, industry, and banking reaped the benefits of this, with the South getting next to nothing in return. This was a clear case of wealth redistribution, with the South getting fleeced. The "Lincoln Myth" has been taught for generations in our schools and universities. Very little truth is taught about this person who openly mocked preachers and denied the Deity of Christ. His closest friends, Herndon and Lamon, stated that they considered him an infidel and that he never changed his beliefs, right up to his death. </div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><br /></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">It is not my intention to chastise you for this article, but to set the record straight. Most of America has no clue about the truth of our history, since it has been rewritten long ago. They just accept what they are told in school, on PBS, the History Channel, from Hollywood, and from the extremely biased media. The common and accepted narrative is as phony as a three dollar bill. The facts do not support what we have been taught. It is up to each of us to pursue the truth on our own. Here is a short list of good books that teach the truth about Lincoln and our history: </div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><br /><div><span style="font-size: 11pt;">“<b>The Real Lincoln</b>”, by Charles L.C. Minor, “<b>The South Was</b> <b>Right</b>”, by James Ronald Kennedy and Walter Donald Kennedy, “<b>Red Republicans and</b> <b>Lincoln’s Marxists</b>” by Walter D. Kennedy and Al Benson, Jr., ”<b>The Un-Civil War</b>” by Leonard M. Scruggs,<b> “Truths of History”, </b></span>by Mildred Lewis Rutherford (1920), <b>“Complicity” </b>by Anne Farrow, Joel Lang, and Jenifer Frank, <span style="font-size: 11pt;"> “<b>Facts and Falsehoods</b> <b>Concerning the War on the South 1861-1865</b>”, by George Edmunds, and “<b>The South Under Siege 1830 – 2000</b>”, by Frank Conner.</span></div></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><br /></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Best regards,</div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><br /></div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Jeff Paulk</div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Tulsa, OK</div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-80790067531223959202021-04-19T09:17:00.020-05:002021-04-19T09:20:11.774-05:00ANSWERING THE MYTHS<p><b> By Jeff Paulk</b></p><p class="MsoNormal">The Marxists, and those brainwashed by
the Marxists, have long contended the reasons for the War of Northern
Aggression to be different from what true history reveals. They slander our
flags, calling them symbols of racism, and call our heroes traitors. Here we
will answer and debunk those myths. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">MYTH #1 - The war was all about freeing the slaves. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">TRUTH – The war had nothing to do with slavery. The proposed
Corwin Amendment, by Congressman Thomas Corwin of Ohio, would have FOREVER prohibited
the abolition of slavery if the seceded states would but rejoin the union and
ratify the amendment.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The South refused.
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Why? If it wanted to protect slavery you
would think the South would have jumped on this. Besides this, the
Crittendon-Johnson Resolution stated that the war was not for the <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">“purpose of overthrowing or interfering
with the rights or established institutions of those states”.</b><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">On July 22, 1861, the U.S. Congress passed a joint
resolution stating the purpose of the war:</p><p class="MsoNormal"><b>“Resolved…That this war is not being
prosecuted on our part in any spirit of oppression, not for any purpose of
conquest or subjugation, nor purpose of overthrowing or interfering with the
rights or established institutions of those states, but to defend and maintain
the supremacy of the Constitution and all laws made in pursuance thereof and to
preserve the Union, with all the dignity, equality and rights of the several
States unimpaired; and that as soon as these objects are accomplished the war
ought to cease.”</b><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">This is further proof that the war was NOT fought over
slavery.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The North did, however, conquer
and subjugate the South, and the war they initiated and waged against the South
was both unconstitutional and treasonous.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It was fought to force the legally seceded South back into the union for
the purpose of continuing the collection of excessive tariffs, which
economically damaged the South, but was of economical benefit to the northern railroads
and industrialists.<b><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In his inaugural address, Lincoln stated that he would
continue the collection of revenues “by force if necessary”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He wanted the money that the South had been
paying into the federal government.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
South was footing over 85% of the tax burden but only had 1/3 of the
population.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Northern industrialists
and bankers were reaping the benefits of this. Also, if the war was “all about
slavery”, why was it that Union General Grant had slaves, but Confederate
General Robert E. Lee had none?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Why was
West Virginia (which was illegally and unconstitutionally formed) allowed to
cede into the union on the condition that it could keep its slaves?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Why was Union General Fremont’s order freeing
slaves in Missouri countermanded by Lincoln and the slaves sent back to their
masters? <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Why were there more union soldiers that owned slaves than
there were Confederate soldiers that owned slaves?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Also, not one single letter has been found written by Union
or Confederate soldiers stating that they were fighting to “free the
slaves”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Numerous Confederate letters
state that the Confederacy was fighting for independence and in defense of
their homes and families.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Only about 3%
of Confederate soldiers owned slaves, so what were the other 97% fighting
for?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Were the 97% who did not own slaves
fighting so that the 3% who did own them could keep them?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Of course not.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Also, if it was about “freeing the slaves”, then why didn’t
the federal government free them in the six states that remained in the
union?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That would be Kansas (2),
Nebraska (15), Kentucky (225,483), Missouri (114,931), Maryland (87,189), and
Delaware (1,798) – 1860 Census. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">"Amend the Constitution to
say it should never be altered to interfere with slavery."</span> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">-- Abraham Lincoln, 24 December
1860, presenting his stand on slavery to the Senate</span><span style="color: red; font-family: "Old English Text MT"; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">"We didn't go into the war to put down slavery, but to
put the flag back; and to act differently at this moment would, I have no doubt,
not only weaken our cause, but smack of bad faith..." Abraham Lincoln </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>“The sole object of this war,” said Grant, “is to restore
the Union.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Should I become convinced it
has any other object, or that the Government designs using its soldiers to
execute the wishes of the Abolitionists, I pledge you my honor as a man and a
soldier I would resign my commission and carry my sword to the other side.”<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>-Democratic Speaker’s Handbook, p. 33</b> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corwin_Amendment">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corwin_Amendment</a> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Having said all this,
it is only fair to state that the opposition harps heavily on the fact that a
very few Southern newspapers, such as the Vidette in Springfield, TN, talked
about the war being about slavery. Tennessee had a strong pro-Union population
and many citizens there joined the Union Army.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Also, they point to a song written by T.W. Crowson of Alabama that
cheers slavery.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To paint the entire
South and Confederate cause with the broad brush of “fighting for slavery” when
only a tiny segment of the population felt this way is dishonest and reflects
their “cherry-picking” agenda and telling of half-truths.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Thousands of letters from Confederate
soldiers to loved ones tell a very different story, but the opposition contends
that no such letters were ever written.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>They are wrong.</i><i><o:p> </o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Also, the opposition
points to a recruiting flyer calling for Southerners to join up and fight the
“Abolition foes”.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Taking things out of
context is not uncommon for “those people”, as Gen. Robert E. Lee called them.
Remember, the Yankee abolitionists were continually calling for slave uprisings
and the murder of white men, women, and children by the slaves. It most
certainly was not a “war of abolition”, because if it had been, almost no
troops would have joined the Union Army.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This is evidenced by the massive desertions experienced upon the
publication of Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation. Abolition was a dirty word
due to the violent intentions of the Yankees, so calling the invaders
“Abolition foes” was calling the enemy a dirty name.</i><i><o:p> </o:p></i></p>
<p style="background: white; margin-bottom: 22.5pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 22.5pt;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">Another issue is Alexander
Stephens’ “Cornerstone Speech”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="color: #333333;">Most mainstream historians point to the “Cornerstone”
speech by Alexander Stephens as the clearest piece of evidence that slavery and
white supremacy alone were the reasons for Southern secession. After all, most
transcriptions show Stephens having stated that the Confederate government was
founded on the “great physical, philosophical, and moral truth” of white
superiority.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A major quote that
the historians leave out of their interpretation, however, is Stephens’
assertion <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">twice</span> that
“This truth has been slow in the process of its development, like all other
truths in the various departments of science.” This <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">science</span> Stephens referred to was
actually based on <b>NORTHERN </b>pseudoscience on race at the time.</span></i></p><p style="background: white; margin-bottom: 22.5pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 22.5pt;"><i><span style="color: #333333;">One such Northern scientist was Samuel George Morton,
from Philadelphia. Morton owned a large collection of skulls from around the
world and by the 1830s was using the measurements of the skulls to argue there
were distinct differences in the origins of the races, he also used the size of
skulls to argue which races were inferior. This pseudoscience was expanded on
by Josiah Nott, who was born in South Carolina, but came from a wealthy
Connecticut family and was educated at the University of Pennsylvania. Nott
took these ideas even further by stating that the races were separate in the
way that apes are distinct from humans.</span></i></p><p style="background: white; margin-bottom: 22.5pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 22.5pt;"><i><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #333333;">The Cornerstone speech highlights the
selective and narrow lens through which most people choose to look at history.
This speech, which does show the darker side of equality at the time, does not
present any uniquely Southern ideas on race. Many people would rather <b>feel</b> good and <b>believe a
lie</b>, than <b>feel uncomfortable</b> and <b>know the
truth</b>.</span></i></p>
<p style="background: white; margin-bottom: 22.5pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 22.5pt;"><span style="background: white; color: #333333;">(“Revisiting<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>the Cornerstone Speech”, Abbeville Institute,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="background: white; color: #333333;">By </span></b><span style="color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;"><a href="https://www.abbevilleinstitute.org/blog/author/mmartin/" title="View all posts by Michael Martin"><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="background: white; color: #2b2b2b; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Michael
Martin</span></b></a></span><b><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="background: white; color: #333333;"> on </span></b><span style="color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">Aug 27, 2018)</span><span style="background-color: transparent;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">MYTH #2 - The South wanted to protect and perpetuate slavery
to the western territories. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">TRUTH – Well, that myth is beyond absurd. Common sense
refutes this myth.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>By the very act of
seceding from the union and establishing its own country, the South locked
itself OUT of any rights to territories belonging to the U.S. The Confederate
Constitution outlawed the importation of slaves, so if it wanted to “protect
and perpetuate” slavery, why did it outlaw the importation of slaves?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Slavery was dying out in the South and there
were five times as many abolition groups in the South as there were in the
North.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The South wanted to be done with
slavery and many had already freed their slaves. If the South wanted to
“protect slavery”, it had only to stay in the union where it was already protected.
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The South was working towards gradual
emancipation so that the blacks could gradually be prepared to enter society as
free people. The ending of slavery in the South was a byproduct of the war, not
the cause for it. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">MYTH #3 - The South started the war by firing on Ft. Sumter. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">TRUTH – The firing on Ft. Sumter was what Lincoln had
planned on.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He lied when he said that he
would not resupply the forces there.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If
Lincoln abandoned the fort, he risked legitimizing the Confederacy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Northern sentiment was mostly in favor of
recognizing the newly formed Confederacy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Lincoln needed to change that opinion.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>He crafted the plan of resupplying the troops there, knowing the South
would not permit this and fire the first shots. Remember, the one who fires
first is not necessarily the aggressor, but the one who causes that shot to be
fired. Lincoln wrote to Lieutenant Gustavus Fox, <span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: black; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="color: black;">“You and I
both anticipated that the cause of the [Federation] would be advanced by making
the attempt to provision Fort Sumter, even if it should fail; and it is no
small consolation now to feel that our anticipation is justified by the
results.” Lincoln provoked the firing on Ft. Sumter according to
plan.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Now he could launch his war on the
Confederacy, illegal as it was.</span> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">(“The Real Lincoln”, by Charles L.
C. Minor, pages 88, 256, 257)</span> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">MYTH #4 – The secession declarations prove the South seceded
to protect slavery. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">TRUTH – While several of the Declarations do mention
slavery, and the states call themselves “slave states”, these documents have to
be interpreted in the context in which they were written.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You have to get into that period of history
to understand their meaning. For decades the South had been the victim of
slander, lies, and propaganda at the hands of the Northern press, authors, and
even pastors. Radical abolitionists in the North promoted violence and
insurrection to end slavery, and they were all for killing off white
slaveholders, but never mentioned the black slaveholders in the South.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(Oh yes, they most certainly existed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Didn’t learn that in school, did you?)</p><p class="MsoNormal">“Four seceding
Southern states published some form of declaration of their reasons for
secession. These were South Carolina,
Georgia, Mississippi, and Texas. Many
modern academic allies of the Northern War to Prevent Southern Independence
have recently taken up the cry that because these declarations have many
references to slavery that they are proof that the war was all about
slavery. First of all, however, there is
a difference between the cause of the war and the causes for secession. The cause of the war was Lincoln’s call for
75,000 troops to invade the Southern states.
This invasion immediately triggered four more states secessions –
Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas – in addition to protests
from the governors of Kentucky and Missouri, and unrest in Maryland. </p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In addition, the
substance of the secession declarations must be interpreted in their
political/economic and constitutional contexts.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The Northern Union had become an oppressive government dedicated to
Northern regional dominance and almost exclusively Northern economic
prosperity.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>States Rights were the
primary bulwark against this Northern regionalism.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Many modern apologists for the Union cause
also fail to recognize that these declarations, following South Carolina’s
example, were building a legal case against Northern breaches of the Constitution.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Moreover, much of the language of these
declarations was a protest against the constant inflammatory distortions and
repeated attacks on Southern honor by radical abolitionists in Congress and in
the Northern press.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The Mississippi
declaration included an admission of its economic dependence on slave
labor.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, over-dramatizing this
admission in accusatory terms fails to recognize a genuine dilemma.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><u>Many Southerners, probably a majority,
would have gladly rid themselves of slavery.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>But how could it be done without destroying the economies of the major
cotton producing states and severely damaging New York banking and shipping
interests?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Many also saw the necessity
of preparing the slaves to compete in a free economy before emancipation</u>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Many would have followed the British model of
gradual emancipation with compensation to slave owners.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><u>What the
secession declarations prove is that Southerners had strong reasons to believe
that their political rights and economic welfare were unsafe under Northern
political dominance</u>.” </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">(“The Un-Civil War”, by Leonard M. Scruggs, pages 27-28)<b><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">MYTH #5 – Secession was treason. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">TRUTH – Secession being legal was taught at West Point from
William Rawle’s “Views on the Constitution” published in 1825.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was used as a text book for one year and
remains in the library today. Americans who oppose secession for the Southern
states find themselves bed partners with the communist generals of Yugoslavia
and communist hard-liners of the former Soviet Union.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What was condemned in 1861 was sanctioned by
the Republican Party in 1991 when Vaclav Havel of Czechoslovakia withdrew his
country from the Soviet Union’s orbit, but Jefferson Davis and his fellow
Southerners are called traitors for doing the same thing.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The 10<sup>th</sup> Amendment protects a states’ right to
withdraw from the union. If a state voluntarily joined, it can voluntarily
withdraw. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">New England
threatened to secede over the War of 1812, yet no force was threatened against
them to remain in the union. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Our
Founding Fathers knew secession was a right held by the states. </p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">“Among the Founding Fathers there was no doubt.
The United States had just seceded from the British Empire, exercising the
right of the people to “alter or abolish” — by force, if necessary — a despotic
government. The Declaration of Independence is the most famous act of secession
in our history, though modern rhetoric makes “secession” sound somehow
different from, and more sinister than, claiming independence.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">The original 13 states formed a “Confederation,” under
which each state retained its “sovereignty, freedom, and independence.” The
Constitution didn’t change this; each sovereign state was free to reject the
Constitution. The new powers of the federal government were “granted” and
“delegated” by the states, which implies that the states were prior and
superior to the federal government.”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt: 11.9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black;">“After Lincoln’s illegal War of Northern Aggression,
Jefferson Davis, the President of the Confederacy, was arrested and placed in
prison prior to a trial. The trial was never held, because the chief justice of
the Supreme Court, Mr. Salmon Portland Chase, informed President Andrew Johnson
that if Davis were placed on trial for treason the United States would lose the
case because nothing in the Constitution forbids secession. That is why no
trial of Jefferson Davis was held, despite the fact that he wanted one!</span> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt: 11.9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black;">Because of our progressive-liberal public education system,
many Americans now believe the myth that secession is treasonable. The
Declaration of Independence was, in fact, a declaration of secession. Its final
paragraph declares inarguably the ultimate sovereignty of each state:</span> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt: 11.9pt; text-align: justify;"><i><span style="color: black;">That these united colonies are, and of right ought to be
free and independent states; that they are absolved of all allegiance to the
British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of
Great Britain, is and ought to be totally dissolved; and that as free and
independent states, they have full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract
alliances, establish commerce, and to do all other acts and things which
independent states may of right do.</span></i> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt: 11.9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black;">Following the Declaration of Independence, each colony
established by law the legitimacy of its own sovereignty as a state. Each one
drew up, voted upon, and then ratified its own state constitution, which
declared and defined its sovereignty as a state. Realizing that they could not
survive upon the world stage as thirteen individual sovereign nations, the
states then joined together formally into a confederation of states, but only
for the purposes of negotiating treaties, waging war, and regulating foreign
commerce.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Charles Pitts<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p>If secession was not legal, why did the U.S. Congress try to pass an
amendment making it illegal AFTER the Southern states seceded?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">(“The South Was Right”, by James Ronald
Kennedy and Walter Donald Kennedy, pages 195-217)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://radioboston.legacy.wbur.org/2012/06/15/new-england-succession">http://radioboston.legacy.wbur.org/2012/06/15/new-england-succession</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.theimaginativeconservative.org/2012/12/the-right-to-secede.html">http://www.theimaginativeconservative.org/2012/12/the-right-to-secede.html</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><b><span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype",serif;">Not one Confederate was charged
with treason.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jefferson Davis waited two
years in prison and wanted to have his case tried in court because he knew he
would win.</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype",serif;">Salmon Chase, the Chief Justice
of the Supreme Court told Lincoln’s boys that if they were to bring ANYTHING or
ANYONE of that Confederation before the Court, and I quote,</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: "Palatino Linotype",serif; text-align: center;">“<b>THAT
WHICH YOU WON ON THE BATTLEFIELD WOULD BE LOST IN THE COURT-ROOM!”</b></span><span> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">MYTH #6 – The Emancipation Proclamation freed the slaves. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">TRUTH - You say, “His Emancipation Proclamation freed the
slaves! That proves he was against slavery.” Lincoln’s words: “I view the
matter (Emancipation Proclamation) as a practical war measure, to be decided upon
according to the advantages or disadvantages it may offer to the suppression of
the rebellion.” He also wrote: “I will also concede that emancipation would
help us in Europe, and convince them that we are incited by something more than
ambition.” At the time Lincoln wrote the proclamation, war was going badly for
the Union. London and Paris were considering recognizing the Confederacy and
considering assisting it in its war effort. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">All one has to do to debunk this myth is to actually read
the Proclamation. It “freed” slaves in areas NOT under federal control, but
expressly left them in bondage where it actually could have freed them.
Numerous union troops deserted after the Emancipation Proclamation was made
public. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">(<a href="http://www.wnd.com/2013/02/abe-lincoln-a-closet-secessionist/">http://www.wnd.com/2013/02/abe-lincoln-a-closet-secessionist/</a>) </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">MYTH #7 – The South treated blacks terribly. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">TRUTH - From, “The Truths of History”,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>pgs. 92, 93. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The South claims that race prejudice has been, and now is,
far greater in the North than in the South.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In his “Democracy in America”, De Toqueville, the French
writer, says; </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">“Though the
electoral franchise has been conferred on the negroes in all the free States,
if they come forward to vote their lives are in danger.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Negroes may serve by law on juries but
prejudice repels them from office.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They
have separate schools, separate hospital wards, and separate galleries in the
theaters.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the South it is quite
different with the negro.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Undoubtedly,
the prejudice of the race appears to be much stronger in the States that have
abolished slaves than in the States where slavery still exists.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">White carpenters,
white bricklayers, and white painters will not work side by side with the
blacks in the North, but do it in almost every Southern State unless Northern
men among their workmen oppose it.” </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Negroes left their homes in Alabama to work in Illinois, but
many were killed and others driven from the State.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Were the murderers of those negroes ever
brought to trial? </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">One Republican said:<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">“If any more
negroes come to Illinois, I will meet them on the border with gatling-guns!” </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Mr. Seward, March 3, 1858 said: </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">“The white man
needs this continent to labor in and must have it.” </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The Legislature of Kansas, the home of John Brown, said: </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">“This state is for
whites only.” </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In 1850, 1855 and 1865, Michigan refused suffrage to free
negroes.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In 1864 no negro could vote in Nevada.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">“In Illinois
(Lincoln’s State) no negro nor mulatto was allowed to remain in the State ten
days.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If a negro came into the State he
was to be sold at auction.” </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In twenty-seven counties of Indiana no negro was allowed to
live.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If any white man encouraged him to
come to the State he was fined.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In Boston the negroes are segregated.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In Ohio the negroes were warned if they did not segregate
some dire calamity would befall them.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In New York City and Washington City this question of
segregation is of serious import today and under constant discussion.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">No negro can live in Oregon. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">As to the condition of the slaves in the South under the
institution of slavery, Major-General Quitman, of New York, an army officer who
was stationed near a Mississippi plantation before the war, says in a letter to
his father:</p><p class="MsoNormal">“Every night she
has family prayers with her slaves. When
a minister comes, which is very frequently, prayers are said night and morning,
and chairs are always provided for the servants.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">“They are
married by a clergyman of their own color, and a sumptuous supper is always
prepared.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They are a happy, careless,
unreflecting, good-natured race-who left to themselves would degenerate into
drones or brutes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They have great family
pride and are the most arrant aristocrats in the world.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">(“The Secession War in America,” by J.P. Shaffull, published in New
York, 1862) </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">By the above accounts, blacks were treated well in the South
and horribly bad in the North.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There
were laws against the mistreatment of slaves, though it did happen, it was not
common. The “Slave Narratives”, compiled during the Great Depression by
Northern journalists, proves that the blacks living in the 19<sup>th</sup>
century South (at least the vast majority of them) were happy and content with
their lives and the way they were treated. Why?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Because it was not whips and chains as the Yankees and Hollywood have
portrayed it to be.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There was mutual
love, respect, and kindness.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>White and
black relations in the South at that time were quite good.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Common sense and integrity actually existed
with both races then.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What happened to
all that?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Reconstruction. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">MYTH #8 – The Confederate Flag is a symbol of racism and
hate. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">TRUTH - No historical document exists to support that this
flag represented hate, slavery, racism, deceit, infamy or repression. Not one
flag of the Confederacy was ever described in its placement to represent
anything other than the Confederate States of America. No Confederate ship ever
ran slaves. The Sons of Confederate Veterans (SCV) adopted the battle flag as
part of its logo in 1896, long before “hate” groups began to abuse the flag,
and they condemn misuse of any Confederate flag. The KKK and other “hate” groups
didn’t use the flag until late 1950s/early 1960s. In his book “What They Fought
For, 1861-1865,” historian James McPherson, after reading more than 25,000
letters and over 100 soldier diaries from both sides of the War for Southern
Independence, concluded that Confederate soldiers "fought for liberty and
independence from what they regarded as a tyrannical government." </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Here, Mr. King tells it well. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Before you attack the Confederate soldiers' Battle flag, see
how Old Glory will compare: http://www.vdare.com/fallon/confederate.htm </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The Confederate Flag and the United States Flag are judged
by different standards and criteria, and are not held to the same levels of
accountability. In analytical science and weights and measures, comparisons are
made against known standards. However, in politics comparisons are never made
in a fair and impartial manner.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In order
to understand the hypocrisy, ignorance, and bias that have been directed
against the Confederate Flag, it is necessary to use the U.S. Flag (Stars and
Stripes) as a standard of comparison. The purpose of this comparison is not to
berate or disparage the U.S. Flag, but is to prove that the Confederate Flag
has received unfair and unequal treatment.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The genocide and racial cleansing of the American Indians took place
under the U.S. Flag. Their land was taken without fair and just compensation.
Indians died by the thousands as they were forced on to reservations and
subjected to starvation and deadly diseases. The Trail of Tears endured by the
Cherokee is an example. In the American West, cavalry troopers murdered entire
villages including babies in their mother's arms. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The U.S. Flag Flew over an unconstitutional and criminal war
conducted against The Confederate States of America. Abraham Lincoln conducted
this war for the benefit of wealthy Northern industrialists. Atrocities against
Southern civilians and military are listed in the book, The Uncivil War: Union
Army and Navy Excesses in the Official Records.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Furthermore, slaves were imported from Africa to America primarily by
five Northern States: New York, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Hampshire, and
Rhode Island. The Confederate Flag was not involved in the importation of
slaves. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Finally, the U.S. Flag flies over a nation that has murdered
an estimated 42 million babies by abortion. Confederate leaders would never
have voted for abortion or nominated judges that would legalize abortion.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Political Correctness has been used to
attempt bans of The Confederate Flag from schools, parades, public and private
property, and even historical monuments and sites.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Confederate flag represents
Constitutional Limited Federal Government, States Rights, Resistance to
Government Tyranny, and Christian Values and Principles. To say that it
represents racism and bigotry is a negative and shallow interpretation
comparable to saying the U.S. flag represents the genocide of the American
Indians and abortion.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>James W. King<b><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Let it also be noted here that it was Northerners, New
Englanders to be specific, who built the slave ships and transported their
cargo of human flesh to the U.S. and sold them to Northerners and Southerners. It
was the North that grew and perpetuated slavery, not the South.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Slavery died in the North because it was not
as useful in an industrialized society as it was in an agricultural one, and
Northerners refused to work alongside of blacks. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The North invaded the South to force it back
into the union to continue the collection of excessive and unconstitutional
taxes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The South wanted only to be left
alone.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Confederate soldiers fought
an illegal invasion in defense of their homes and families.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The union soldiers burned homes, barns and
crops.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They raped the women, black and
white.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They killed animals. They looted
homes and stores.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>During Reconstruction,
which was nothing but a military dictatorship, the schools had to teach what
the federal government told them to.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This is where the Marxist rewritten history begins. This is when the
animosity between the races began due to the Yankees stripping whites of their
rights and placing blacks in superior positions over whites. The history was
rewritten to cover up the truth about Lincoln and his war crimes, and to cover
up the truth of why he waged an illegal war. While the military phase ended in
1865, the political, economic, and social phases continue today.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cultural genocide continues to be waged on
our history, symbols, and culture. A union held together with bayonets is not a
union. The South is full of Yankee transplants and Southern turncoats and
scalawags glad to do the bidding of the globalists and Marxists, trampling on
the memory of those brave dead, black and white, who fought in defense of their
homeland. The lies and propaganda continue. Those who slander the South, blame
it for slavery, and slander it and its symbols are clearly ignorant of true
history.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We went into the War a free
people, and came out as slaves on the government plantation.<b><o:p> </o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Jeff Paulk</p><p class="MsoNormal">Tulsa, OK</p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-37806939645404179522021-01-05T20:45:00.007-06:002021-01-05T20:45:47.430-06:00Letter To Russ Boles Defending Our Heritage<p> </p><p class="MsoNormal">Russ Boles<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Commissioner, Precinct Four<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">3001 Joe DiMaggio Blvd.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Unit 1300<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Round Rock, TX<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>78665<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal">1/4/21 </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Dear Commissioner Boles, </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In 1916, the United Daughters of the Confederacy erected a
monument at the Williamson County courthouse to honor those who died in defense
of their homes, families, and country.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It seems that there has been an ongoing debate on the removal of this
monument for several years. Only the historically ignorant who have no clue
about the truth of our history would consider such an erroneous move as this.
The cultural Marxist (cultural genocide) crowd in this country have been waging
a war against our history, heritage, symbols, and culture for a number of years
now, based on the misconception that our Confederate ancestors fought for the
protection and perpetuation of slavery, while the “righteous and moral” Yankees
fought to end the institution of slavery. This is the rewritten historical myth
that has been poured into the heads of our school children since
Reconstruction. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Our Confederate ancestors fought an illegal invasion of
murderers, rapists, looters, and arsonists sent into the South by the tyrant
Lincoln.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lincoln waged an illegal war to
force the legally seceded states back into a union they wanted no part of so he
could continue the collection of excessive tariffs from them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The South was paying 85% of the federal
revenues (wealth redistribution) which was going for “internal improvements” in
the North, such as railroads, industry, and banking. The South realized very
little out of this. The truth is that the North would go bankrupt without the
South. Our whitewashed “history” does not teach us this. Our Confederate heroes
are labelled as “traitors”, when the truth is that they were fighting to
preserve the U.S. Constitution and the Republic of our Founders, which Lincoln
destroyed. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Most people are unaware that there were still more than
429,000 slaves in the Union after the South seceded, so, if the North was
fighting to “free the slaves”, as we are wrongly taught, then why did they not
first free the ones that they held in bondage?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>And why did the Radical Republicans refuse to pass an amendment in 1864
that would have abolished slavery?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This
did not happen until 1865, eight months after the war ended. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">The war on everything Southern and Confederate is fueled
by ignorance and the ingestion of false history.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If the truth were commonly known about our history,
we would not be seeing the tearing down of our monuments, or the name changes
in our schools, parks, and streets. U.S. Public Law 85-425: Sec. 410 Approved
23 May 1958 recognizes Confederate soldiers as equal to U.S. soldiers. That
being the case, no Confederate soldier should be dishonored by the defacing or
removal of a Confederate monument, nor should any school, park, street, or
military base have its name changed due to it being named after a Confederate
soldier.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I hope that you will do all in your
power to see that this monument remains in its rightful place. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">Sincerely, </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">Jeff Paulk<o:p></o:p></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-77989862759534173722021-01-05T20:42:00.005-06:002021-01-05T20:43:19.218-06:00Letter To Speaker Adrienne Jones Defending Our Heritage<p> </p><p class="MsoNormal">Speaker Adrienne Jones<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">17 W. Courtland Street<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Suite 210<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Bel Air, MD<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>21014<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1/4/21 </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Dear Speaker Jones, </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">As you are aware, in 1861 James Ryder Randall penned the
poem “Maryland, My Maryland” which was adopted as the state song in 1939.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Since 1974, politicians have been trying to
have this song replaced. We are sadly living in a time when those who are not
knowledgeable of our history are the very ones trying to change and erase it.
The anti-South and anti-Confederate crowd has made great strides in this area
in recent years. If the truth of our history had been taught in our schools for
the past 150+ years instead of the rewritten version, we would not be seeing
this cultural genocide of our history taking place, which includes the removal
of our monuments, and changing the names of schools, parks and streets. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">I realize that Maryland was not in the Confederacy, but only
because Lincoln had the army go in and arrest the State Legislature (19 members
anyway) to prevent the state from seceding.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Lincoln waged an illegal and horrendous war against civilians.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His armies murdered, raped, looted, and
burned their way across the South, and the song “Maryland, My Maryland”
reflects on the atrocities committed by Lincoln. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Contrary to what we are told, the war had nothing to do with
slavery.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If it did, why did the North
not first free the more than 429,000 slaves it still held in bondage?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(1860 census).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>No, Lincoln invaded the South to force it
back into the Union for the continued collection of excessive and
unconstitutional tariffs.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The South was
paying 85% of the federal revenues and the North would go bankrupt without the
South.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Northern industrialists wanted
a war and Lincoln gave them one. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Instead of tossing our history on the trash heap of
ignorance, we should be striving to learn the truth about it and try not to
repeat the mistakes made in the past. Cultural Marxism is working hard today to
destroy every particle of our history that it deems “offensive” or “racist”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>History must be looked at through the eyes of
the time period in which it happened and not through the eyes of today. Only
then are we able to grasp the full and correct view of our past. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Maryland is a beautiful state, and its state song has a real
and significant historical meaning. It should not be discarded, but held on to
and seen as a testament to what happened, and learned from so that such
atrocities will not happen again. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Sincerely,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Jeff Paulk<o:p></o:p></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-18784583213393763692021-01-05T20:39:00.005-06:002021-01-05T20:39:45.163-06:00Letter to Attorney General Alan Wilson Defending Our Heritage<p>Attorney General Alan Wilson</p><p>Rembert Dennis Building</p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">1000 Assembly Street<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Room 519<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Columbia, SC<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>29201<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1/4/21 </p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Dear Mr. Attorney General, </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">You are attempting to challenge your state’s Heritage Act by
eliminating the requirement of a supermajority in the vote to remove any
Confederate monuments.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The scalawags and
Cultural Marxists, of which you seem to be a member of, are working overtime to
destroy every particle of our history. The fact that many Southerners have
joined up with this communist movement is particularly sad and offensive.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If the truth of our history were taught,
perhaps none of this cultural genocide would be taking place today. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Our Confederate ancestors fought an illegal invasion to
defend their homes, families, and country from Lincoln’s terrorists who
murdered, raped, looted, and burned their way across the South, including your
state.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The war had nothing to do with
slavery, as is taught in our schools and Marxist universities, but was waged to
force the legally seceded states back into the Union for the continued
collection of excessive and unconstitutional tariffs which went to benefit
Northern railroads, industrialists, and bankers. The South was paying 85% of
the federal revenues, but getting almost nothing in return. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The monuments erected to our brave Confederate dead should
never be removed, but stand as a testament to a proud people who fought against
insurmountable odds for their independence and for the preservation of the
Founder’s Republic which Lincoln destroyed. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">If the war was about slavery, as we are taught, why did the
North not first free the more than 429,000 slaves still in the Union?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That little fact is mysteriously left out of
our “history” books, as are numerous other truths of history, such as free
blacks who owned slaves, and the failure of the Radical Republicans in 1864 to
pass an amendment to abolish slavery. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Just as the liberals/communists tried to destroy
Christianity and Southern culture in the 19<sup>th</sup> century, so are they
continuing their war today with the same goals in mind.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Southerners who aid in this destruction of
our history and culture are traitors to their ancestors and to the principles
upon which this country was founded. Assuming that you have Confederate
ancestors, what do you think they would say to you today in attempting to
remove monuments erected to commemorate their honor, valor, and sacrifice? </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Sincerely,</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Jeff Paulk<o:p></o:p></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-51149099112724528142021-01-04T15:50:00.004-06:002021-01-04T15:50:37.758-06:00 Don't Make a Wish<p>Dear Make a Wish,</p><p><br /></p><p>Millions of us who are proud descendants of Confederate soldiers are more than fed up with our heritage and symbols being labelled as "hate" by the historically ignorant. You seem to have placed yourself into the category of those who are clueless about our history. NEWS FLASH! You won't get the truth from schools, universities, the media, Hollywood, PBS, politicians, or the History Channel. The common narrative that the War of Northern Aggression was "all about slavery" is a fairy tale that has been around since Reconstruction, as is the Lincoln Myth which deifies a tyrant and traitor. </p><p><br /></p><p>You have chosen to remove some, if not all, of the Confederate-themed items you had on your website. The "hate" that you claim to oppose is being displayed by the very ones who preach against it. All things are tolerated (BLM, NAACP, Antifa, etc.) except anything do do with Southern or Confederate history and heritage. The cultural Marxists are tearing down Confederate monuments and changing the names of schools, parks, and streets at a blinding pace, and all due to not having a clue about our history. So, let's have a short history lesson here to enlighten you.</p><p><br /></p><p>1) Lincoln illegally invaded the South to force it back into a union it wanted no part of so he could continue the collection of excessive and unconstitutional tariffs which went only to benefit the North. The South was paying 85% of the federal revenues. This went for "internal improvements" like railroads, industry, and banking. This is called wealth redistribution. Without the South, the North would go bankrupt.</p><p><br /></p><p>2) The war had nothing to do with slavery. More than 429,000 slaves were still in the Union AFTER the South seceded. </p><p>Further proof that the war was not about slavery are evidenced in the Corwin Amendment, the Crittenden-Johnson Resolution, as well as Lincoln's own words.</p><p><br /></p><p>3) Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation, contrary to popular belief, freed not one solitary slave. Read it. It was a war measure, as Lincoln himself stated, intended to cause a slave uprising in the South (which did not happen), and to give the false impression to Europe that the Union was waging a "moral campaign" to "end slavery". Slavery was abolished in December 1865 with the 13th Amendment, not the Emancipation Proclamation.</p><p><br /></p><p>4) Lincoln countermanded General Freemont's orders in Missouri, returning emancipated slaves to their owners. (But, I thought Lincoln "freed the slaves").</p><p><br /></p><p>5) Free blacks owned slaves.</p><p><br /></p><p>6) Union officers owned slaves, but Confederate General Robert E. Lee did not, so what were they fighting for?</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>This cultural genocide against our Southern heritage is hate-filled and has communist roots. People need to learn the truth about our history and stop slandering honorable dead soldiers who were defending their homes from Lincoln's terrorists who murdered, raped, looted, and burned their way across the South. I'll not participate in your program until you reverse your anti-Confederate policies.</p><p><br /></p><p>Unreconstructed,</p><p><br /></p><p>Jeff Paulk</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-28440179678588860302020-09-29T22:50:00.002-05:002020-09-29T22:50:30.696-05:00UPDATE ON OUR CONFEDERATE MONUMENT LAWSUIT THAT AFFECTS ALL OF GEORGIA<p> </p><p><br /></p><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv3052601813galileo-ap-layout-editor" style="background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; color: black; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; min-width: 100%; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" class="yiv3052601813layout-outer" style="outline: none; padding: 0px 20px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" class="yiv3052601813layout-margin" style="outline: none; padding: 20px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" bgcolor="#2f3131" class="yiv3052601813feature-border" style="background-color: #2f3131; outline: none; padding: 1px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" bgcolor="FFFFFF" class="yiv3052601813feature yiv3052601813editor-col yiv3052601813OneColumnMobile" style="background-color: white; outline: none;" valign="top" width="100%"><div class="yiv3052601813gl-contains-text"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 100%; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" class="yiv3052601813editor-text yiv3052601813center-text yiv3052601813feature-text" style="color: #767676; display: block; font-family: Garamond, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.2; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 10px 20px; text-align: center;" valign="top"><div class="yiv3052601813text-container yiv3052601813galileo-ap-content-editor"><div><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold;">UPDATE ON OUR CONFEDERATE MONUMENT LAWSUIT THAT AFFECTS ALL OF GEORGIA</span></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;">WHY IS OUR LAWSUIT OVER THE CONFEDERATE MONUMENT IN McDONOUGH SO IMPORTANT?</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">The lawsuit filed by the Georgia Minutemen in the Henry County Superior Court is extremely important for all of Georgia. With monuments to our heroes coming down all across the state even in the face of the strongest monument protection law in America, it is essential that we score a victory for a number of reasons. Both well-meaning individuals and organizations such as the Sons of Confederate Veterans have filed multiple lawsuits to stop the removal of our monuments or force their restoration. To date, ALL of these efforts have been unsuccessful, mainly owing to the onerous doctrine of sovereign immunity which prevents any political subdivision of the state of Georgia from being sued without its permission. Months ago, the Georgia Minutemen put out an article encouraging all Georgians to vote YES this November on the proposed state constitutional amendment on the ballot which would end sovereign immunity in most cases; however, we cannot afford to wait for the outcome of that election. With every day that passes, more monuments are under scrutiny in local communities across the state; and the chances of having monuments put back that have already been removed become smaller and smaller. That's why our lawsuit over the McDonough monument is so crucial.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;">SO WHY IS THIS CASE SO IMPORTANT?</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">There are several reasons that this particular case is so important...</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">1. We are not suing the Board of Commissioners like the SCV and other well-meaning individuals have done around the state. We are suing the commissioners as INDIVIDUALS for breaking the law.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">2. We MUST secure a legal win in order to stop other monuments from being removed. So far, none of the legal efforts to enforce our Monument Protection Act have proven successful. We need to take the strongest case to court.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">3. There is tremendous popular support for restoring the Monument among the locals in this case.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">4. We have and are continuing to receive intelligence and evidence in this case from individuals within the county government here who are sympathetic to our Cause.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">5. In going about to break the Monument law, the county in this case has also broken additional laws owing to their attempt to do so quickly and secretively.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">6. This particular Monument was already part of the National Historic Registry and is afforded additional protections.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">7. The motive of the commissioners in this case was clearly stated... to remove anything Confederate from county property.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">For these and some other reasons that I am not at liberty to share at this time related to things which may be presented in court, the case to restore the Confederate Monument in McDonough is the strongest evidentiary case which currently exists on the legal landscape here in Georgia. </span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;">WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE WIN THIS LAWSUIT? </span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">1. The 4 commissioners who voted to remove the Monument illegally (plus the county manager who effected the removal) will be forced to pay PERSONALLY to restore the Monument even though public funds were used for its removal.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">2. The law requires that the defendants will be required to pay TRIPLE the cost to restore the Monument.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">3. The defendants will be required to repay all of our legal fees and court costs.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">4. The jury may award punitive damages if it chooses.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;">WHAT CAN YOU DO TO HELP US WIN?</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">We are already having success in two instances of halting plans by other localities to remove monuments just because they have learned that we are suing the officials in their PERSONAL status... because NO politician wants to be held PERSONALLY liable with THEIR OWN MONEY for their reckless and illegal actions. They have no qualms about doing it if it is only YOUR TAX DOLLARS at risk and when they can use the county attorney that they do not have to personally hire for their defense. It's a different story when they are risking their own fortunes to break the law.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">I have already personally paid the initial $3,500 retainer to put this case in motion. Many of you have reached out and asked how you could help further. There are two things you could do to help if you want to have a part in winning this important case and helping to establish the legal precedent that we need in Georgia:</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #424cd6; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;">1. </span><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001eTjYY0wbNOo5BPZq7aQ466J48aQuZqO1N12RrxS64bt6hNlpS2J30kP_4Qu0-cNqDg-2S0ybqhPSjr1RIuGt0kO-KsqmpcEs4PdNN2l1NtM11QkrBBmCMLHDXnSr09G0rwPRSR_RVJA493pGdVuTpTus2m2to1w-q9dU39dTmFCqcSk7lWmeqp6aEk35sFdu&c=m1P92TREYHaVI_866Qbm5BIKb-A7CXVNGroqknY_Q3xVhXV3uC495A==&ch=Vo4teL2JdpudBD2TrX-qQEziz4R3b8zdFf1qvCXKz82VuGW9iSyj2A==" rel="nofollow" style="color: #424cd6; cursor: pointer; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;" target="_blank">Click HERE to join the Georgia Minutemen if you haven't already.</a></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #424cd6; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;">2. </span><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001eTjYY0wbNOo5BPZq7aQ466J48aQuZqO1N12RrxS64bt6hNlpS2J30mn8hmHf-Whe31Q50RD2WdKdryrmDB_YIZaNw2CH0r9yU_XeLuH35lD3FUaJygi_8g7h5JBwhwDWSpiMi7TWX9pfuW7gSdX405Mu_Fj3U7aaiWusSIFRUwGUvAqTkEk76sbC4ReQKK1BIuFbBdFGUSbTxOgIXURrGEPbJ9x8JHxszRfF1kl-wgG9MOoSLzOesagqQ2zVdstGdEnPZU9AJhTvm5ZXd_bqdMTI5oX7YBAgNLBcZkJndQWCATksydeaHc43HLAi-2ig&c=m1P92TREYHaVI_866Qbm5BIKb-A7CXVNGroqknY_Q3xVhXV3uC495A==&ch=Vo4teL2JdpudBD2TrX-qQEziz4R3b8zdFf1qvCXKz82VuGW9iSyj2A==" rel="nofollow" style="color: #424cd6; cursor: pointer; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;" target="_blank">Click HERE to go to our GoFundMe page that has now been made active and make a contribution to assist me with the legal fees if possible.</a><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">If necessary, I will pay for everything, myself. I am committed to our Cause. But I would be personally grateful if you would be willing to help. I am not asking anyone to match my initial payment of $3,500 but perhaps you could do something. Anything would be greatly appreciated.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">For Georgia First,</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">Ray McBerry, Founder</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">Georgia Minutemen</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 18px;">P.S. Please note that the facebook page called "Georgia Minutemen" is NOT our group. Our page was disabled and removed by Facebook when we eclipsed 1,000 followers in just a little over a week's time. The enemy is not happy at our popular support or our audacity to oppose their plans.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;">For more information, please contact the Georgia Minutemen through our website at </span><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001eTjYY0wbNOo5BPZq7aQ466J48aQuZqO1N12RrxS64bt6hNlpS2J30ugbF38VGjcaOrphDkOZNpHVpZmd9zWaPBGyKBx_9c7J6_AJwdAg297fwZpe0C8BqhJYpdtzAljHOVoeE595m8qaYkWZ606PHxXTrXDRio10zTYtjTwBVwkpWPyg0W3LBzTcE6weRQl9YcvWG1LMe47yZrZg6h2G0w==&c=m1P92TREYHaVI_866Qbm5BIKb-A7CXVNGroqknY_Q3xVhXV3uC495A==&ch=Vo4teL2JdpudBD2TrX-qQEziz4R3b8zdFf1qvCXKz82VuGW9iSyj2A==" rel="nofollow" style="color: black; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;" target="_blank">www.GeorgiaMinutemen.com</a><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></div><div><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold;">WOULD YOU MAKE A CONTRIBUTION TO THE LEGAL EFFORT TO RESTORE THE HENRY COUNTY MONUMENT AND OTHERS ACROSS GEORGIA?</span></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold;">HERE'S A LINK TO THE GOFUNDME PAGE</span></div><div><span style="color: #424cd6; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 24px;"><a href="http://gf.me/u/ystpxr" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="color: blue; cursor: pointer;" target="_blank">gf.me/u/ystpxr</a></span></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: #0c0d10;">Georgia Minutemen Founder, Ray McBerry, is a Christian, father, businessman, Baptist pastor, television host, and former Republican candidate for governor of Georgia. In 2013, he became the first "public figure" in more than 100 years of Georgia history to win a libel suit when he sued those responsible for lies about him created by our enemies during the 2010 governor's race. He has previously served in the Southern Heritage movement as both SCV Georgia Division Commander and Georgia Chairman of the League of the South. In 2010, he organized and hosted the first-ever national Tenth Amendment Summit and has been a guest on FOX News, CNN, HLN, MSNBC, and hundreds of other media outlets as one of America’s foremost spokesmen on issues related to States’ Rights, Southern Heritage, and the Constitution. He is also the founder of the Georgia Minutemen, organized on April 19, 2020 as a voice for patriotic Georgians who have had enough of the cultural war being waged against them and their heritage. Ray McBerry is no stranger to fighting for our heritage and freedoms.</span></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 20px;">Join the Georgia Minutemen or visit us online at </span><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001eTjYY0wbNOo5BPZq7aQ466J48aQuZqO1N12RrxS64bt6hNlpS2J30kP_4Qu0-cNqDg-2S0ybqhPSjr1RIuGt0kO-KsqmpcEs4PdNN2l1NtM11QkrBBmCMLHDXnSr09G0rwPRSR_RVJA493pGdVuTpTus2m2to1w-q9dU39dTmFCqcSk7lWmeqp6aEk35sFdu&c=m1P92TREYHaVI_866Qbm5BIKb-A7CXVNGroqknY_Q3xVhXV3uC495A==&ch=Vo4teL2JdpudBD2TrX-qQEziz4R3b8zdFf1qvCXKz82VuGW9iSyj2A==" rel="nofollow" style="color: #0c0d10; cursor: pointer; font-size: 20px; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">www.GeorgiaMinutemen.com</a></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-weight: bold;">Membership in the Georgia Minutemen is growing rapidly across Georgia! Join today for as little as $10 annually.</span></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="yiv3052601813gl-contains-spacer"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv3052601813editor-spacer" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" class="yiv3052601813spacer-container" style="outline: none;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" class="yiv3052601813spacer-base" style="line-height: 1px; min-height: 1px; outline: none; padding-bottom: 15px;" valign="top" width="100%"><img alt="" border="0" height="1" hspace="0" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fimgssl.constantcontact.com%2Fletters%2Fimages%2Fsys%2FS.gif&t=1601437751&ymreqid=2e61fc85-6f20-fee1-2f6a-c300ab019100&sig=1cxfoS5KlBw_bHRGPOA0wA--~D" style="display: block; min-height: 1px; visibility: visible; width: 5px;" vspace="0" width="5" /></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="yiv3052601813gl-contains-image"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv3052601813editor-image yiv3052601813editor-image-vspace-on" style="border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 100%; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" style="outline: none; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 10px;" valign="top"><div class="yiv3052601813publish-container"><img alt="" border="0" class="yiv3052601813" hspace="0" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Ffiles.constantcontact.com%2Fe00f833a601%2F2ded0e7d-e335-444d-95ee-753de88a19f2.jpg&t=1601437751&ymreqid=2e61fc85-6f20-fee1-2f6a-c300ab019100&sig=bofov7BzZDlhQJ0mlCBKzw--~D" style="display: block; height: auto !important; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible;" vspace="0" width="154" /></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv3052601813galileo-ap-layout-editor" style="background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; color: black; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; min-width: 100%; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" class="yiv3052601813about yiv3052601813editor-col yiv3052601813OneColumnMobile" style="outline: none;" valign="top" width="100%"><div class="yiv3052601813gl-contains-spacer"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv3052601813editor-spacer" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" class="yiv3052601813spacer-container" style="outline: none;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" class="yiv3052601813spacer-base" style="line-height: 1px; min-height: 1px; outline: none; padding-bottom: 10px;" valign="top" width="100%"><img alt="" border="0" height="1" hspace="0" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fimgssl.constantcontact.com%2Fletters%2Fimages%2Fsys%2FS.gif&t=1601437751&ymreqid=2e61fc85-6f20-fee1-2f6a-c300ab019100&sig=1cxfoS5KlBw_bHRGPOA0wA--~D" style="display: block; min-height: 1px; visibility: visible; width: 5px;" vspace="0" width="5" /></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="yiv3052601813gl-contains-text"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 100%; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" class="yiv3052601813editor-text yiv3052601813about-text" style="color: #767676; display: block; font-family: Garamond, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.2; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 10px 20px;" valign="top"><div><table align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv3052601813editor-image yiv3052601813OneColumnMobile" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" class="yiv3052601813image-cell yiv3052601813content-image-cell" style="outline: none; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><div class="yiv3052601813publish-container"><img alt="" border="0" class="yiv3052601813content-image" hspace="0" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Ffiles.constantcontact.com%2Fe00f833a601%2Fd02119fa-8a79-4b65-a849-cbf691db7ac2.png&t=1601437751&ymreqid=2e61fc85-6f20-fee1-2f6a-c300ab019100&sig=OMkKF3mlT9x4UXkSt7kn8g--~D" style="display: block; height: auto; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible;" vspace="0" width="250" /></div></td><td align="center" class="yiv3052601813mobile-hidden" height="1" style="line-height: 1px; min-height: 1px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" valign="top" width="15"><img alt="" border="0" height="1" hspace="0" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fimgssl.constantcontact.com%2Fletters%2Fimages%2Fsys%2FS.gif&t=1601437751&ymreqid=2e61fc85-6f20-fee1-2f6a-c300ab019100&sig=1cxfoS5KlBw_bHRGPOA0wA--~D" style="display: block; height: auto; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible;" vspace="0" width="15" /></td></tr><tr><td align="center" class="yiv3052601813mobile-hidden" height="5" style="line-height: 1px; min-height: 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><img alt="" border="0" height="5" hspace="0" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fimgssl.constantcontact.com%2Fletters%2Fimages%2Fsys%2FS.gif&t=1601437751&ymreqid=2e61fc85-6f20-fee1-2f6a-c300ab019100&sig=1cxfoS5KlBw_bHRGPOA0wA--~D" style="display: block; height: auto; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible;" vspace="0" width="1" /></td><td align="center" class="yiv3052601813mobile-hidden" height="5" style="line-height: 1px; min-height: 1px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" valign="top" width="5"><img alt="" border="0" height="1" hspace="0" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fimgssl.constantcontact.com%2Fletters%2Fimages%2Fsys%2FS.gif&t=1601437751&ymreqid=2e61fc85-6f20-fee1-2f6a-c300ab019100&sig=1cxfoS5KlBw_bHRGPOA0wA--~D" style="display: block; height: auto; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible;" vspace="0" width="5" /></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="yiv3052601813text-container yiv3052601813galileo-ap-content-editor"><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: #2f2f2f; font-size: 20px;">Contact the Georgia Minutemen</span></div><div><span style="color: #2f2f2f; font-size: 20px;">by visiting our website at</span></div><div><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001eTjYY0wbNOo5BPZq7aQ466J48aQuZqO1N12RrxS64bt6hNlpS2J30ugbF38VGjcaOrphDkOZNpHVpZmd9zWaPBGyKBx_9c7J6_AJwdAg297fwZpe0C8BqhJYpdtzAljHOVoeE595m8qaYkWZ606PHxXTrXDRio10zTYtjTwBVwkpWPyg0W3LBzTcE6weRQl9YcvWG1LMe47yZrZg6h2G0w==&c=m1P92TREYHaVI_866Qbm5BIKb-A7CXVNGroqknY_Q3xVhXV3uC495A==&ch=Vo4teL2JdpudBD2TrX-qQEziz4R3b8zdFf1qvCXKz82VuGW9iSyj2A==" rel="nofollow" style="color: #2f2f2f; cursor: pointer; font-size: 20px;" target="_blank">www.GeorgiaMinutemen.com</a></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-18434433786655842242020-09-29T22:40:00.005-05:002020-09-29T22:40:56.639-05:00GOFUNDME HAS CLOSED OUR ACCOUNT BECAUSE OF ITS PROMOTION OF CONFEDERATE MONUMENTS<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv1614586230galileo-ap-layout-editor" style="background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; color: black; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; min-width: 100%; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" bgcolor="#ffffff" class="yiv1614586230layout-outer" style="outline: none; padding: 0px 20px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" class="yiv1614586230layout-margin" style="outline: none; padding: 20px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" bgcolor="#2f3131" class="yiv1614586230feature-border" style="background-color: #2f3131; outline: none; padding: 1px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" bgcolor="FFFFFF" class="yiv1614586230feature yiv1614586230editor-col yiv1614586230OneColumnMobile" style="background-color: white; outline: none;" valign="top" width="100%"><div class="yiv1614586230gl-contains-text"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 100%; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" class="yiv1614586230editor-text yiv1614586230center-text yiv1614586230feature-text" style="color: #767676; display: block; font-family: Garamond, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.2; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 10px 20px; text-align: center;" valign="top"><div class="yiv1614586230text-container yiv1614586230galileo-ap-content-editor"><div><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;">GOFUNDME HAS CLOSED OUR ACCOUNT BECAUSE OF ITS PROMOTION OF CONFEDERATE MONUMENTS</span></div><div><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px;">Literally as soon as people began making contributions minutes after our earlier email went out today, GoFundMe sent us an email letting us know that our project in support of a Confederate Monument was a violation of their terms of service. They stated that they were closing our account and refunding any contributions to the original senders that had been made. </span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 18px;">So... we are directing those wanting to help to our website contribution page here... </span><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=00161w0xF40wgXe0yakRynbLwgVIrq8jcmnIgxIdSyxs2Jn-GLG2nPHxA0J_AguqA6z2K4Np8HpIZj28T0qhwa00hbx9A7KUzvTHmH-XUsiIkAE40LMWMewBMRcEfGiWhthPQRPmRMd4FvKziyCfQmK_vCNy3-Q1wXA&c=3EcBg6Zn6IiqI3OWvFihrvPjH6ADgKeszya5rEkXra7fNftKrF2xXg==&ch=-HdwVBkaWcl8nae8dRspO7UDWAM_chQDtiOXgssjUDNjudbHyQOSkw==" rel="nofollow" style="color: #424cd6; cursor: pointer; font-size: 24px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">http://georgiaminutemen.com/donate/</a><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 24px;"> </span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black;">Thank you for your email and your support in this Cause,</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black;">Ray</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;">For more information, please contact the Georgia Minutemen through our website at </span><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=00161w0xF40wgXe0yakRynbLwgVIrq8jcmnIgxIdSyxs2Jn-GLG2nPHxNNe7Iftb_YJuBisrC7aYK_RpL9LkqFNBNAS9iDnjfw3mo7fwG2wqQdRcbLrjAcNCRtJwoYpj7gu_o8uLmSvr9Q94Qe0CZ8-BGNLQ-pY19fkFacD-Cf_hgkbp1H26wznZG0tQesa88-lRIzNejVwblcHe6FBGKmFpA==&c=3EcBg6Zn6IiqI3OWvFihrvPjH6ADgKeszya5rEkXra7fNftKrF2xXg==&ch=-HdwVBkaWcl8nae8dRspO7UDWAM_chQDtiOXgssjUDNjudbHyQOSkw==" rel="nofollow" style="color: black; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;" target="_blank">www.GeorgiaMinutemen.com</a><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></div><div><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold;">WOULD YOU MAKE A CONTRIBUTION TO THE LEGAL EFFORT TO RESTORE THE HENRY COUNTY MONUMENT AND OTHERS ACROSS GEORGIA?</span></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold;">HERE'S A LINK TO THE DONATION PAGE</span></div><div><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=00161w0xF40wgXe0yakRynbLwgVIrq8jcmnIgxIdSyxs2Jn-GLG2nPHxA0J_AguqA6z2K4Np8HpIZj28T0qhwa00hbx9A7KUzvTHmH-XUsiIkAE40LMWMewBMRcEfGiWhthPQRPmRMd4FvKziyCfQmK_vCNy3-Q1wXA&c=3EcBg6Zn6IiqI3OWvFihrvPjH6ADgKeszya5rEkXra7fNftKrF2xXg==&ch=-HdwVBkaWcl8nae8dRspO7UDWAM_chQDtiOXgssjUDNjudbHyQOSkw==" rel="nofollow" style="color: #424cd6; cursor: pointer; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold;" target="_blank">CLICK HERE</a></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: #0c0d10;">Georgia Minutemen Founder, Ray McBerry, is a Christian, father, businessman, Baptist pastor, television host, and former Republican candidate for governor of Georgia. In 2013, he became the first "public figure" in more than 100 years of Georgia history to win a libel suit when he sued those responsible for lies about him created by our enemies during the 2010 governor's race. He has previously served in the Southern Heritage movement as both SCV Georgia Division Commander and Georgia Chairman of the League of the South. In 2010, he organized and hosted the first-ever national Tenth Amendment Summit and has been a guest on FOX News, CNN, HLN, MSNBC, and hundreds of other media outlets as one of America’s foremost spokesmen on issues related to States’ Rights, Southern Heritage, and the Constitution. He is also the founder of the Georgia Minutemen, organized on April 19, 2020 as a voice for patriotic Georgians who have had enough of the cultural war being waged against them and their heritage. Ray McBerry is no stranger to fighting for our heritage and freedoms.</span></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 20px;">Join the Georgia Minutemen or visit us online at </span><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=00161w0xF40wgXe0yakRynbLwgVIrq8jcmnIgxIdSyxs2Jn-GLG2nPHxLYEwJ0d1fyyFHL4P91-JA8JUgttnm1t4ZmGWU4aOl-5WNusSAkcAIhc7FNmd9RpD1P8Ddd_s0nvHAjz6bqHTVIR6D4aKwvdusCnczP-7VVLDcZUaMwTwaG80qDGYcsXvOk0jy5_7A16&c=3EcBg6Zn6IiqI3OWvFihrvPjH6ADgKeszya5rEkXra7fNftKrF2xXg==&ch=-HdwVBkaWcl8nae8dRspO7UDWAM_chQDtiOXgssjUDNjudbHyQOSkw==" rel="nofollow" style="color: #0c0d10; cursor: pointer; font-size: 20px; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">www.GeorgiaMinutemen.com</a></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-weight: bold;">Membership in the Georgia Minutemen is growing rapidly across Georgia! Join today for as little as $10 annually.</span></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="yiv1614586230gl-contains-spacer"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv1614586230editor-spacer" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" class="yiv1614586230spacer-container" style="outline: none;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" class="yiv1614586230spacer-base" style="line-height: 1px; min-height: 1px; outline: none; padding-bottom: 15px;" valign="top" width="100%"><img alt="" border="0" height="1" hspace="0" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fimgssl.constantcontact.com%2Fletters%2Fimages%2Fsys%2FS.gif&t=1601437022&ymreqid=2e61fc85-6f20-fee1-2f6a-c30090019100&sig=ESHuSpi0fJtFxONPChDNzA--~D" style="display: block; min-height: 1px; visibility: visible; 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height: auto; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible;" vspace="0" width="1" /></td><td align="center" class="yiv1614586230mobile-hidden" height="5" style="line-height: 1px; min-height: 1px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" valign="top" width="5"><img alt="" border="0" height="1" hspace="0" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fimgssl.constantcontact.com%2Fletters%2Fimages%2Fsys%2FS.gif&t=1601437022&ymreqid=2e61fc85-6f20-fee1-2f6a-c30090019100&sig=ESHuSpi0fJtFxONPChDNzA--~D" style="display: block; height: auto; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible;" vspace="0" width="5" /></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="yiv1614586230text-container yiv1614586230galileo-ap-content-editor"><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: #2f2f2f; font-size: 20px;">Contact the Georgia Minutemen</span></div><div><span style="color: #2f2f2f; font-size: 20px;">by visiting our website at</span></div><div><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=00161w0xF40wgXe0yakRynbLwgVIrq8jcmnIgxIdSyxs2Jn-GLG2nPHxNNe7Iftb_YJuBisrC7aYK_RpL9LkqFNBNAS9iDnjfw3mo7fwG2wqQdRcbLrjAcNCRtJwoYpj7gu_o8uLmSvr9Q94Qe0CZ8-BGNLQ-pY19fkFacD-Cf_hgkbp1H26wznZG0tQesa88-lRIzNejVwblcHe6FBGKmFpA==&c=3EcBg6Zn6IiqI3OWvFihrvPjH6ADgKeszya5rEkXra7fNftKrF2xXg==&ch=-HdwVBkaWcl8nae8dRspO7UDWAM_chQDtiOXgssjUDNjudbHyQOSkw==" rel="nofollow" style="color: #2f2f2f; cursor: pointer; font-size: 20px;" target="_blank">www.GeorgiaMinutemen.com</a></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-33319905639555464362020-09-10T17:55:00.002-05:002020-09-10T17:55:12.159-05:00GEORGIA MINUTEMEN STRIKE BACK HARD AGAINST COUNTY COMMISSIONERS INDIVIDUALLY FOR REMOVAL OF CONFEDERATE MONUMENT<p><b>(McDonough, GA - 10 September)</b> On Tuesday 8 September 2020, suit was brought by the Georgia Minutemen, LLC, a Georgia corporation, against all four Henry County commissioners who voted in July to remove the Confederate Monument from the McDonough Square where it had stood vigilant for more than 100 years. This suit is different than other suits that have been brought against public officials this year for removing Confederate monuments around the state in that it names all four commissioners in their individual capacity who voted for the removal.</p><p>Other lawsuits filed around the state, including Henry County, to force the restoration of monuments moved by public officials have been unsuccessful as yet owing to the onerous doctrine of "sovereign immunity" which protects any subdivision of state government from lawsuits in most cases. The new lawsuit filed by the Georgia Minutemen does an "end around" with regard to the sovereign immunity issue by naming the commissioners in their individual capacity where immunity is limited to lawful acts. Georgia's Monument Protection Act, arguably the strongest in the nation, allows for both civil and criminal suits against public officials who violate its stringent protections of monuments in Georgia.</p><p>This suit is important in that it would be a precedent-setting case which could be used as a tool for preventing the unlawful removal of monuments in other places. If the Minutemen are successful in the prosecution of this suit, public officials everywhere will be reticent to consider removing any monument protected under Georgia Code 50-3-1. If the commissioners lose this case, they will be on the hook as individuals for "treble" (triple) the cost of replacing or restoring the original monument to its rightful place on the McDonough Square, all attorneys fees, and exemplary damages in an amount decided by a jury. Monies collected from the verdict will first be applied to restoring the Monument to its home of more than 100 years before any other distributions are made.</p><p>The attorney for the Georgia Minutemen is Todd Harding of Maddox & Harding. The Defendants in the case are the four commissioners who voted unlawfully for the removal of the Monument: Dee Clemmons (D), Vivien Thomas (D), Bruce Holmes (D), and June Wood (R-chairman); and the Henry County Manager, Cheri Hobson-Matthews, who effected the removal.</p><p>Speaking to local reporters, Georgia Minutemen founder Ray McBerry had this to say about the new filing: "It is sad when we have reached a point in America when even monuments to our heroes that have stood for more than a hundred years are under attack. It is time that Georgians, and all Americans, begin to stand up together and say, 'No more!' Our legislature last year wisely gave the people of the sovereign state of Georgia the tools necessary to prevent this very thing in the form of the strongest monument protection bill in the country... and we intend to use it. Let this be a warning shot to all public officials in this state who are considering removing our monuments... you will be next. We're coming for you in the courtroom."</p><p>Minutemen founder McBerry is personally facing a state obstruction charge for refusing to vacate the sidewalk in McDonough on the evening that the County brought a crane company to remove the Confederate Monument. He was told that the crane company could not begin work until the sidewalk was cleared, and he refused to move. Mr. McBerry pointed out to the more than 20 officers present at his arrest that the construction permit they were ostensibly using as their authority to clear the Square could not exist because it was nowhere posted publicly on the site as required by law. Officers arrested and detained him anyway, only to learn the following day through Open Records Requests that the County had, in fact, dropped the ball and failed to obtain the permit as required by law. Although Mr. McBerry's statements to the officers have proven true, the Henry County solicitor's office have thus far refused to dismiss the charge against him.</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-70607913636940347612020-09-08T20:33:00.002-05:002020-09-08T20:33:49.991-05:00County Makes HUGE Mistake re Permit to Remove Confederate Monument<p> </p><div class="yiv9947373056gl-contains-text" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 100%; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" class="yiv9947373056editor-text yiv9947373056center-text yiv9947373056feature-text" style="color: #767676; display: block; font-family: Garamond, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.2; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 10px 20px; text-align: center;" valign="top"><div class="yiv9947373056text-container yiv9947373056galileo-ap-content-editor"><div><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;">BREAKING NEWS: HENRY COUNTY HAD NO CONSTRUCTION PERMIT WHICH ALLOWED THE REMOVAL OF THE CONFEDERATE MONUMENT OR THE REMOVAL OF CITIZENS FROM THE SIDEWALK </span></div><div><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;">(McDONOUGH, GA - 5 September 2020) On July 28, Georgia Minutemen founder Ray McBerry was arrested and charged with a local violation of "obstruction" for refusing to vacate the sidewalk at the McDonough Square when Henry County had a crane company arrive to dismantle and remove the Confederate Monument that had stood on the Square for more than 100 years. The Henry County solicitor's office offered a plea deal of the minimum fine of $100 and reduction of the charge to a local violation instead of an elevated "state" charge. Today, Mr. McBerry, after speaking with his attorney Todd Harding of Maddox & Harding, announced that he will be pleading "not guilty" at his upcoming arraignment hearing. Ray McBerry has been an active supporter of Southern heritage and constitutional issues for more than 20 years and was a Republican candidate for governor in 2010 when he ran on a platform of States' Rights. Following the gubernatorial campaign, he became the first "public figure" in Georgia in more than 100 years to win a libel case when the court ordered the defendants in their settlement to sign a confession and apology in addition to a monetary award for lies stated during the governor's race. He is presently the owner of KBN Television, the only television station to originate in Henry County.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;">McBerry and the Georgia Minutemen have argued that the Henry County Board of Commissioners is in violation of both civil and criminal law under Georgia Code 50-3-1 in voting to arbitrarily and capriciously remove the Confederate Monument from the McDonough Square where the Monument has sat on county property for more than 100 years. To carry out the unlawful act, the County hired a local crane company, Roper & Sons out of Covington, that was willing to perform the highly unpopular deed of removing the Monument dedicated to their own ancestors in exchange for a payment of approximately $30,000. On Tuesday, July 28, officers from the City of McDonough, Henry County Police Department, and the Georgia State Patrol massed at the McDonough Square and huddled together to finalize their plans to clear all sidewalks before the removal of the Monument began. They then crossed the streets that were shut down around the Square and ordered citizens off the sidewalks across the street from the Square in front of the shops which were all still open for business. When asked by multiple citizens under what authority they were forcing people off the sidewalks, the officers replied that there was a construction permit for the removal of the Monument and that the construction permit gave them the authority to close the entire Square, even on the City sidewalks across the street from the Square. Multiple citizens at that time, including Minutemen founder Ray McBerry, stated to the officers that there could not be such a construction permit because such permits are required to be publicly posted on construction sites; and there were no permits posted anywhere in the vicinity of the Square. The attending officers then replied, "that's not our job" and refused to verify that what the citizens had stated was accurate. </span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;">After numerous citizens refused to leave the sidewalks without proof that a construction permit existed, officers began threatening to arrest anyone who did not leave the "construction zone" which they argued included the City of McDonough's sidewalks across the street from the Square. Most of the people who were present to watch the removal of the statue eventually acquiesced rather than face arrest. Mr. McBerry did not. While remaining polite and respectful to the officers, McBerry stated that he would not leave the sidewalk. When officers instructed him that the crane, which had recently arrived on the scene, could not begin to remove the Monument until he left the sidewalk, he still refused to vacate the sidewalk. Two Henry County Police officers, reportedly officers Loignan and Fields, then handcuffed Mr. McBerry and led him around the Square and behind the courthouse where he remained in cuffs for approximately a half hour while the officers waited for the arrival of the McDonough City officer who had been previously designated to write up any arrest citations since the arrests would take place on "City" property instead of county property. After radioing for the City officer to come write up the arrest several times with no success, the officers then consulted one of their County Police superiors as to the "problem." Their superior notified them that the City would not be participating in writing any arrests; so another County Police officer arrived and wrote the arrest citation for a "local ordinance" violation of "obstruction" and McBerry was released. </span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Confederate soldier was eventually removed from atop the Monument at approximately midnight, with the pedestal underneath removed afterward. The bottom portion of the Monument would not be removed for another two days, ostensibly because the crane company "ran out of time" and had not planned properly for a one-time removal event. </span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;">But the story doesn't end there. According to responses of Open Records Requests submitted by the Georgia Minutemen, both Henry County and the City of McDonough have admitted that </span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold;">no construction permit of any kind existed</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> in the vicinity of the McDonough Square for the entire date of July 28. According to one County employee who wished to remain anonymous, "someone screwed up big time." With no construction permit, the County had no authority to remove the Monument. The crane company had no authority to remove the Monument. The County had no authority to force citizens to stay off the Square. And the County had no authority to force citizens to vacate the sidewalks in the vicinity of the Square, especially the sidewalks which belong to the City of McDonough. Any shutting down of City sidewalks requires a prior permit and authorization from the City since such actions negatively impact not only citizens in general but also the downtown businesses whose revenues were negatively impacted in a tangible way. Not only did the County have no construction permit, but they also did not have a permit from the City to close City sidewalks. In short, there was no lawful authority for the Monument to be removed on July 28 and no lawful authority for the officers to force citizens to vacate the City's sidewalks. This is, undoubtedly, one of the factors in the McDonough Police Department wisely declining to participate in any arrests since they were aware that the construction permit that the County claimed was their reason for clearing the sidewalks did not, in fact, exist. </span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Henry County Solicitor's office was notified by Ray McBerry that both the county and city have admitted that the construction permit did not exist so that the solicitor's office could have the opportunity to dismiss the charge. Instead, the solicitor's office has so far stated that they do not intend to dismiss the charge even though the permit did not exist; and, instead, have elevated the charge against Mr. McBerry from a "local ordinance" violation to a "state" violation because the county has no authority to even prosecute if it is a local violation... since the City of McDonough declined to participate in the arrest. </span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;">When McBerry was offered the plea deal of a simple $100 fine and to have the charge reduced back to the original "local violation," he had this to say to a group of local citizens, "It would be tempting to accept the plea deal of the $100 fine and just be done with all of it; but I would have to violate sacred conscience to do so. The County was wrong, both in removing our Monument and in removing citizens from the sidewalk that day. There were white citizens and black citizens forced off the sidewalk that day, liberals and conservatives, those in favour of the Monument's removal and those opposed to it. I did what was right that day, and I must do what is right again by pleading 'not guilty.' I am doing this for our ancestors and for all Georgians today. Someone must stand up for the rights of the majority of law-abiding citizens. No one else is doing it. I trust that a jury of my peers will do the same and acquit me when we go to court." </span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Henry County solicitor's office still has the option of dismissing the charge prior to the upcoming arraignment. Citizens are encouraged to voice their desire to have the charge against Mr. McBerry dismissed by the Henry County Solicitor's office in person at the Judicial Building or by phone at 770-288-7178.</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Additionally, any Henry County employee or City of McDonough employee who may have information that would prove valuable in Mr. McBerry's upcoming trial is encouraged to contact the Georgia Minutemen through the contact page on our website. The information can even be provided anonymously. We have already received useful information from multiple government employees in this case.</span></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;">For more information, please contact the Georgia Minutemen through our website at </span><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001LVaT0hKJXbrvnWqPGinzkOsY5t4Y2Um5UPhmH47VIBnq0Ox2NZ24VSBeMpqJd0iglMcopsNOOf9IRL2gLgZH7f4jZrI9d3deqh_QzQX_ejsFKlM4KV5FmjTXIpWs17vHgngG9QA86sWiSs5-61UZ8A6jTthFFt31Mo1cTEEBUEKFOAscQjR8z5dHnmN0dSNCYOTkVdXSndytZ8Z4IupzUQ==&c=otNd0zWj7Mb1Fy-t_w7z5f5NAOTqy_0_o1cXY5zlkw7YiBvG5Ch0Mg==&ch=DCvmt8W1gjEs5VUwxDfttUOthKrhV6mfksM5XZRnSqnNROM_z40Yag==" rel="nofollow" style="color: black; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;" target="_blank">www.GeorgiaMinutemen.com</a><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold;">END RELEASE</span></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div align="left" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold;">MORE INFO ON NEW LITIGATION BEING FILED IN THE HENRY COUNTY MONUMENT CASE COMING THIS WEEK</span></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: #0c0d10;">Georgia Minutemen Founder, Ray McBerry, is a Christian, father, businessman, Baptist pastor, television host, and former Republican candidate for governor of Georgia. He has previously served in the Southern Heritage movement as both SCV Georgia Division Commander and Georgia Chairman of the League of the South. In 2010, he organized and hosted the first-ever national Tenth Amendment Summit and has been a guest on FOX News, CNN, HLN, MSNBC, and hundreds of other media outlets as one of America’s foremost spokesmen on issues related to States’ Rights, Southern Heritage, and the Constitution. He is also the founder of the Georgia Minutemen, organized on April 19, 2020 as a voice for patriotic Georgians who have had enough of the cultural war being waged against them and their heritage.</span></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-size: 20px;">Join the Georgia Minutemen or visit us online at </span><a href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001LVaT0hKJXbrvnWqPGinzkOsY5t4Y2Um5UPhmH47VIBnq0Ox2NZ24Ve-EVYMO1HCxG4X-HC_z1v4AugV1Pj35cz-S7xuS-9RDbyW_U_f8LunVk0rpOocHA-RxpYvoxGEc9Ak4_uzgw8PNpCWmGLf6KhQUc8ZP31wM9t8VT3PeHn-KUtbrNvwTdOinAbOAbmOV&c=otNd0zWj7Mb1Fy-t_w7z5f5NAOTqy_0_o1cXY5zlkw7YiBvG5Ch0Mg==&ch=DCvmt8W1gjEs5VUwxDfttUOthKrhV6mfksM5XZRnSqnNROM_z40Yag==" rel="nofollow" style="color: #0c0d10; cursor: pointer; font-size: 20px; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">www.GeorgiaMinutemen.com</a></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="color: #0c0d10; font-weight: bold;">Membership in the Georgia Minutemen is growing rapidly across Georgia! Join today for as little as $10 annually.</span></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="yiv9947373056gl-contains-spacer" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv9947373056editor-spacer" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" class="yiv9947373056spacer-container" style="outline: none;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" class="yiv9947373056spacer-base" style="line-height: 1px; min-height: 1px; outline: none; padding-bottom: 15px;" valign="top" width="100%"><img alt="" border="0" height="1" hspace="0" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fimgssl.constantcontact.com%2Fletters%2Fimages%2Fsys%2FS.gif&t=1599615081&ymreqid=2e61fc85-6f20-fee1-2ff2-370058016a00&sig=wPsgH5MbQ1fdL1sYl9xASA--~D" style="display: block; min-height: 1px; visibility: visible; width: 5px;" vspace="0" width="5" /></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="yiv9947373056gl-contains-image" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv9947373056editor-image yiv9947373056editor-image-vspace-on" style="border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 100%; table-layout: fixed; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" style="outline: none; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 10px;" valign="top"><div class="yiv9947373056publish-container"><img alt="" border="0" class="yiv9947373056" hspace="0" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Ffiles.constantcontact.com%2Fe00f833a601%2F2ded0e7d-e335-444d-95ee-753de88a19f2.jpg&t=1599615081&ymreqid=2e61fc85-6f20-fee1-2ff2-370058016a00&sig=H5J5kywTGG_POmrshDaoKA--~D" style="display: block; height: auto !important; max-width: 100%; visibility: visible;" vspace="0" width="154" /></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-14629008129335450432020-08-23T08:28:00.002-05:002020-08-23T08:28:15.269-05:00 True History of Slavery<p><span style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">True history of slavery, and reminders of how easy it is to "revise" it.</span></p><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><u></u></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">Slavery has existed in the world for thousands of years.</span><u></u><u></u></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">Whites enslaved whites in Europe for centuries before the first black was brought to the Western hemisphere.</span><u></u><u></u></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">Asians enslaved Europeans. Asians enslaved other Asians.</span><u></u><u></u></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">Africans enslaved other Africans and even today, in North Africa blacks continue to enslave other blacks. Slavery has existed since the Old Testament Biblical times.</span><u></u><u></u></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">A bit of history that is conveniently ignored; between 1500 and the 1860’s, at least 12 million Africans were brought to the ‘New World’ -- the Americas.</span><u><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span></u><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Of these 12 million forced into slavery, less than 500,000 were brought to North America. The remaining 2,500,000 Africans went to South America and the Caribbean. By the mid-1600</span><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14.5pt;">’</span><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">s, Europeans were outnumbered by Africans in cities such as Mexico City, Havana and Lima.</span><u></u><u></u></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">A few more historical facts:</span><u></u><u></u></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">1 The first legal slave owner in American history was a black tobacco farmer named Anthony Johnson:</span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: purple; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="https://nam11.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAnthony_Johnson_(colonist)&data=02%7C01%7C%7Ca471f556222f4362cd5c08d843ddc388%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C637333967024537877&sdata=o3ITAqMASTKubmIaCWbQwSq8xLXYO%2FEZxILXAZSg%2Bbs%3D&reserved=0" rel="nofollow" shape="rect" style="color: blue; cursor: pointer;" target="_blank">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Johnson_(colonist)</a></span><u></u><u></u></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">2 </span><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">S</span><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">o</span><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">u</span><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">th Carolina’s largest slave holder in 1860 was a black plantation owner named William Ellison; </span><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="https://nam11.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWilliam_Ellison&data=02%7C01%7C%7Ca471f556222f4362cd5c08d843ddc388%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C637333967024547873&sdata=2uQYHqovX5MsOOUzmo3tCKzWT%2FShg9hmG%2Bw8MlFDXW4%3D&reserved=0" rel="nofollow" shape="rect" style="color: blue; cursor: pointer;" target="_blank"><span style="color: purple; font-size: 14pt;">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Ellison</span></a></span><u></u><u></u></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">3 American Indians owned thousands of black slaves;</span><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="https://nam11.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.smithsonianmag.com%2Fhistory%2Fan-ancestry-of-african-native-americans-7986049%2F&data=02%7C01%7C%7Ca471f556222f4362cd5c08d843ddc388%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C637333967024547873&sdata=LT7z8cp366mLsw3NZ0xykX37drdgggiQmLuSztBG%2BgM%3D&reserved=0" rel="nofollow" shape="rect" style="color: blue; cursor: pointer;" target="_blank"><span style="color: purple; font-size: 14pt;">http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/an-ancestry-of-african-native-americans-7986049/</span></a></span><u></u><u></u></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">4 In 1830 there were 3,775 free black people who owned 12,740 black slaves; </span><span style="color: purple; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="https://nam11.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ironbarkresources.com%2Fslaves%2Fwhiteslaves05.htm&data=02%7C01%7C%7Ca471f556222f4362cd5c08d843ddc388%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C637333967024557866&sdata=qGvavSwe8hwMbUtYJP34tYkb6xFnKJHkOJwgrEWHRv4%3D&reserved=0" rel="nofollow" shape="rect" style="color: blue; cursor: pointer;" target="_blank">http://www.ironbarkresources.com/slaves/whiteslaves05.htm</a></span><u></u><u></u></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">5 Many black slaves were allowed to hold jobs, own businesses and own real estate.</span><u></u><u></u></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">6 Brutal black on black slavery was common in Africa for thousands of years; </span><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="https://nam11.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Ftownhall.com%2Fcolumnists%2Fmichaelmedved%2F2007%2F09%2F26%2Fsix-inconvenient-truths-about-the-us-and-slavery-n876052&data=02%7C01%7C%7Ca471f556222f4362cd5c08d843ddc388%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C637333967024557866&sdata=LZr3KToPKp9kt8aNksW39Roi2OazmB5y%2BfFx%2FLXY%2F5A%3D&reserved=0" rel="nofollow" shape="rect" style="color: blue; cursor: pointer;" target="_blank"><span style="color: purple; font-size: 14pt;">https://townhall.com/columnists/michaelmedved/2007/09/26/six-inconvenient-truths-about-the-us-and-slavery-n876052</span></a></span><u></u><u></u></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">7 Most slaves brought from Africa to America were purchased from black slave owners; and many were rounded up from villages in raids</span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"> by other Blacks</span><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">. </span><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="https://nam11.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fl.facebook.com%2Fl.php%3Fu%3Dhttp%25253A%25252F%25252Fwww.digitalhistory.uh.edu%25252Fdisp_text%25253Ffbclid%25253DIwAR3pa80i6eRd7g3EWOZhJ0COxDMbDpus4-i73RYDiV3ukFglZ-fk0A8-EXQ%26h%3DAT0T35MxQb9Gb6bycVOfVXWbSHT8KTAbZBqzQhILlJ1ZaB4d68U0vvIjAbXIc72BTfZWbcKE6hhnNZ3opcS9IFqm7vIJrZ0PWGjpvjj-7Ekeg8mf-YmqhTz0Kqs6bq15PKm1%26__tn__%3D-UK-R%26c%25255b0%25255d%3DAT2-tYkkByPMZ6x4sbd977oOjkhkuZHS0WXsXdx05BzMlHJunGneKtPfVW5lh3Bs_v9iN3xgv0gzGjwA1bRqD8WmIKfuWBb64wt7hbh64i0LVche3ElpmRBvep9lUzZGx45Ntf3u6DSLnivUmF7m8h3oh5aNOKAWanrytFkOGbw&data=02%7C01%7C%7Ca471f556222f4362cd5c08d843ddc388%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C637333967024567863&sdata=PNh1fXXGcGFY%2BKuHSGritFTGvSJ1TiYdx5rm1k7HYgY%3D&reserved=0" rel="nofollow" shape="rect" style="color: blue; cursor: pointer;" target="_blank"><span style="color: purple; font-size: 14pt;">http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_text</span></a></span><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">’book.cfm?smtid=2&psid=445</span><u></u><u></u></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18pt;">And turning to the present:</span><u></u><u></u></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">1 Barack Obama is the direct paternal descendant of slave owners;</span><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"> </span><span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="https://nam11.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baltimoresun.com%2Fnews%2Fbal-te.obama02mar02-story.html&data=02%7C01%7C%7Ca471f556222f4362cd5c08d843ddc388%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C637333967024567863&sdata=ptOY5Es5zfEPG7WzyBUo5uSty6REVBAbqvcHknFepCQ%3D&reserved=0" rel="nofollow" shape="rect" style="color: blue; cursor: pointer;" target="_blank"><span style="color: #7030a0;">https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bal-te.obama02mar02-story.html</span></a></span><u></u><u></u></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">2 You certainly won't hear CNN's Anderson Cooper mentioning Obama's family history, lest Obama might remind Cooper, the son of heiress Gloria Vanderbilt, that his family also was slave owners;</span><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"> </span><span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><a href="https://nam11.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https:%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAnderson_Cooper%23:~:text%3DAlso%252520in%2525202014%25252C%252520Cooper%252520appeared%2Cfrom%252520the%252520southern%252520United%252520States.&data=02%7C01%7C%7Ca471f556222f4362cd5c08d843ddc388%7C84df9e7fe9f640afb435aaaaaaaaaaaa%7C1%7C0%7C637333967024567863&sdata=NczaoDFeokG4AeLACOxF7ZDw65EjLtbKfO2gcsf7Ztw%3D&reserved=0" rel="nofollow" shape="rect" style="color: blue; cursor: pointer;" target="_blank"><span style="color: #7030a0;">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anderson_Cooper#:~:text=Also%20in%202014%2C%20Cooper%20appeared,from%20the%20southern%20United%20States.</span></a></span><u></u><u></u></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">3 New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo, who found some Lee and Jackson statues to remove from the Empire State, seems to have forgotten New York is named for one of the most notorious slave traders in history, the Duke of York. </span><u></u><u></u></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">4 Before defacing and tearing down statues became the latest fad, Virginia's Gov. Terry McAuliffe characterized the Robert E Lee and Stonewall Jackson statues on Richmond's Monument Avenue as "parts of our heritage." After Charlottesville, McAuliffe re-characterized them as "flash points for hatred, division and violence."</span><u></u><u></u></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">5 "Blacks who were never slaves are fighting whites who were never Nazis over a Confederate statue erected by southern Democrats because now Democrats can't stand their own history anymore.</span><u></u><u></u></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #26282a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <u></u><u></u></span></div><div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica; font-size: 13.3333px;"><span style="color: #050505; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">6 Recently the Democrat leaders all took an eight minute knee to honor George Floyd wearing an African scarf. They apparently were not aware that the scarfs that they had draped around their necks were the colors and design of the African Ashanti tribe, one of the largest marketers of slavery ever.</span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-50205641831153675522020-01-25T10:20:00.004-06:002020-01-25T10:20:56.029-06:00LEE & JACKSON - CHRISTIAN SOLDIERS<div dir="ltr" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
Every year in January, all across the South and to some extent in Western and Northern states and in Europe and other countries, the birthdays, lives and accomplishments of Confederate generals Robert Edward Lee and Thomas Jonathan “Stonewall” Jackson are celebrated. In Georgia the annual statewide birthday celebration for Lee was held on January 18th at Jefferson Davis State Park at Irwinville Georgia.</div>
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Lee Was Born January 19th 1807 and Jackson on January 21st 1824 . Both became legendary Confederate Generals. Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson are regarded by military historians as two of America's greatest military leaders and greatest battlefield duo. If Jackson had survived the battle of Chancellorsville , it is possible that the South would have prevailed at Gettysburg and won the War for Southern Independence aka Civil War.</div>
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Lee and Jackson were two of the finest Christian gentlemen America has ever produced. Both their character and their conduct were beyond reproach. Unlike his Northern counterpart, Ulysses S. Grant, General Lee never sanctioned or condoned Slavery. and according to historians Jackson treated the few slaves he owned like family. In addition, unlike Abraham Lincoln and U.S. Grant, there is no record of either Lee or Jackson ever speaking disparagingly of the black race. Furthermore, it is well established that Jackson regularly conducted a Sunday School class for black children. This was a ministry he took very seriously. As a result he was dearly loved and appreciated by the children and their parents. Both Jackson and Lee supported the abolition of slavery. In fact, Lee called slavery “a moral and political evil.” He also said “the best men in the South” opposed it and welcomed its demise. Jackson said he wished to see “the shackles struck from every slave”. </div>
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Lee had to make a decision to either defend the Union or the Constitution. He made the correct decision to defend the Constitution. He knew that Lincoln ’s decision to invade the South was unconstitutional, criminal, and immoral. There were 10 causes of Southern secession. States Rights was one of the primary issues in combination with an unfair sectional tariff that forced the South to pay 75-85 % of the cost of operating the Federal Government.</div>
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Instead of allowing a politically correct culture to sully the memory of Lee and Jackson, all Americans should hold them in a place of highest honor and respect. Anything less is a disservice to history and disgrace to the principals of truth and integrity. What a shame that so many of America ’s youth are being robbed of knowing and studying the virtue and integrity of these great Generals. On August 9th 1960 U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower stated his often expressed admiration for General Lee. He stated that Americans need to understand that at the time of the War Between the States the issue of the legality of secession had remained unresolved for more than 70 years. General Lee was in his estimation, one of the supremely gifted men produced by our Nation. Eisenhower said from deep conviction “a nation of men of Lee’s caliber would be unconquerable in spirit and soul. Indeed, to the degree that present-day American youth will strive to emulate his rare qualities, including his devotion to this land as revealed in his painstaking efforts to help heal the nation’s wounds once the bitter struggle was over, we in our own time of danger in a divided world, will be strengthened and our love of freedom sustained.”</div>
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James W. King</div>
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SCV Camp 141 Commander</div>
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Albany Georgia</div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-32213141117452078672020-01-20T22:49:00.001-06:002020-01-20T22:49:18.196-06:00Former Confederate soldiers after the Civil War<div>
With the Left’s current effort to rid America of all its associations with the Confederacy and the removal of memorial monuments and statues, it is important to remember how indebted we are to those former Confederate soldiers, sailors and officials who served the people of the United States honorably following the War.</div>
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<br />FROM: SAM HOOD<br />Date: Oct. 14, 2017<br />This is a partial list of positions held by former Confederates after the Civil War.</div>
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A Confederate veteran, Lt. Edward Douglass White of the 9th Louisiana Cavalry, became Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court after the Civil War. </div>
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Two United States Supreme Court associate justices were former Confederate soldiers; Col. Lucius Q. C. Lamar of the 19th Mississippi Infantry, and Sergeant Major Horace H. Lurton of the 3rd Kentucky Cavalry. Another associate justice, Howell E. Jackson, was a former Confederate government official.</div>
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Two former Confederates, Maj. Amos T. Akerman and Confederate Senator from Arkansas Augustus H. Garland, served as United States Attorneys General.</div>
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Former Confederate officer Col. James D. Porter was appointed United States Assistant Secretary of State in 1885.</div>
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A United States Solicitor General was Confederate cavalryman John Goode of Virginia.</div>
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Prior to becoming a Supreme Court justice, Lucius Q.C. Lamar served as United States Secretary of the Interior.</div>
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Former Confederate Col. David M. Key served as United States Postmaster General.</div>
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President Theodore Roosevelt appointed former Confederate Joseph Clay Stiles Blackburn as Governor of the Panama Canal Zone.</div>
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A former Confederate soldier, Benjamin Morgan Harrod, was the United States Representative on the Panama Canal Commission.</div>
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<br />A former Confederate, Col. Hilary A. Herbert of the 8th Alabama Infantry, became United States Secretary of the Navy.</div>
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A Confederate veteran named Patrick Henry Morgan was appointed as a district Superintendent of the United States Coast Guard.</div>
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Confederate veterans served as United States Ambassadors, Envoys, Consuls, and Ministers to Turkey (Ottoman Empire:) Brazil; Russia; Sweden-Norway; Uruguay; Costa Rica; Guatemala; Mexico; Honduras; Havana, Cuba; Bolivia; Hong Kong; Jerusalem; France; Peru; Dominican Republic; Bermuda; Japan; China; Tampico, Mexico; Ecuador; Chile, Austria-Hungary; Naples, Italy; Panama; Martinique; Venezuela; Vancouver, Canada; Colombia; Greece; Romania; Serbia, and Spain. A former Confederate, Lt. Col. Paul Francis de Gournay, was a citizen of France and became a French Consul to the United States after the Civil War, and another Confederate, Jose Agustin Quintero of Louisiana, became Consul for Belgium and Costa Rica in New Orleans.</div>
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Numerous United States Senators and members of the United States House of Representatives were Confederate veterans, including one Senate Majority Leader, Thomas Staples Martin, who co-drafted the United States Declaration of War against Germany in 1917. A former Confederate, William A. Harris, was elected United States Senator and to the U.S. House of Representatives from the strongly pro-Union state of Kansas.</div>
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Four Confederate generals served as generals in the United States Army and served in the Spanish-American War; Thomas Rosser, Matthew Butler, Joseph Wheeler, and Fitzhugh Lee. Other former Confederates were appointed Generals of Volunteers during the Spanish-American War but their units were not deployed.</div>
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Numerous former Confederates fought for the United States Army and Navy, and at least one former Confederate soldier who volunteered, Lt. Col. William Crawford Smith of Tennessee, died in combat during the Philippine Insurrection.</div>
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Dozens of Confederates served as governors of the eleven seceded Southern states after the war, but also governed the non-Confederate states/territories of Kentucky, Missouri, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado, and Alaska. </div>
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Confederate veterans were elected mayors of numerous cities and towns, including the Northern cities of Los Angeles CA, Ogden UT, and Minneapolis MN.</div>
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Former Confederate Brigadier General John Stuart Williams was co-founder of the City of Naples, Florida.</div>
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An Adjutant General of Montana was former Confederate soldier, Charles William Turner.</div>
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Former Confederate Samuel Davis Shannon served as Secretary of State of Utah.</div>
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Native-American Confederate Col. Jackson F. McCurtain became Chief of the Choctaw Nation after the war.</div>
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Former Confederates became presidents of the American Bar Association, American Medical Association, American Chemical Society, American Society of Chemical Engineers, American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Psychiatric Association, and the American Philological Association (dedicated to the study of classical literature, linguistics, history, philosophy, and cultural studies.)</div>
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Former Confederate soldiers founded or co-founded approximately 20 colleges, universities, and post-graduate schools, including Mississippi State University, Texas Christian University, Southwestern University (Texas,) Coker College (South Carolina,) North Carolina State University, Millsaps College (Mississippi,) Averett College (Virginia,) East Carolina University, Blue Mountain College (Mississippi,) Clemson University, Agnes Scott Women’s College (Georgia,) the historically black colleges, University of Arkansas-Pine Bluff, Prairie View A&M University, Alcorn State University, and predominately black Meharry Medical School in Nashville. Former Confederates founded several postgraduate schools including the Tulane University Medical School, the University of Arkansas Medical School, and the University of California Hastings School of Law, <br />Confederate veterans were presidents of numerous universities, including the University of California-Berkeley, Tulane University, Louisiana State University, the University of Florida, North Carolina State University, the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, the University of Alabama, the University of Mississippi, Mississippi State University, the University of Virginia, Virginia Tech, Virginia Military Institute, Bethel College (Clarksville, Tennessee,) the Citadel, the University of Maryland, Blue Mountain College (Mississippi,) Western Kentucky University, Shepherd College (West Virginia), Allegheny College (Pennsylvania,) the College of William and Mary, Washington and Lee University, Lander College (South Carolina,) Texas A&M University, the University of Arkansas, William Jewell College (Liberty, Missouri,) Jacksonville State University (Alabama,) Davidson College, and Randolph-Macon University. Former Confederates served on the governing boards of numerous colleges and universities, including the United States Military Academy (West Point,) and the United States Naval Academy.</div>
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A former Confederate Army surgeon in Gen. Benjamin F. Cheatham’s Corps, Dr. Augustus Breysacher, delivered baby Douglas McArthur on Jan. 26, 1880. MacArthur’s father was a Union Army colonel, severely wounded by Cheatham’s Corps at the Battle of Franklin, Tennessee on Nov. 30, 1864.</div>
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A former Confederate civilian surgeon in the 15th Alabama Infantry, Dr. Albert F. A. King, contracted to serve as a Union Army surgeon late in the war and treated Abraham Lincoln after he was mortally wounded by John Wilks Booth on April 14, 1865.</div>
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<br />Over 100 former Confederate soldiers died in the line of duty while serving as law enforcement officers after the war.</div>
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Former Confederate Joseph LeConte was a co-founder of The Sierra Club.</div>
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A former Confederate engineer, Col. Samuel Lockett, designed the base of the Statue of Liberty in New York City, and another Confederate engineer, Sergeant Major Amory Coffin, designed the structural features of some of the late 19th and early 20th Century's most famous buildings, including Madison Square Garden, New York City; the Crocker Building, San Francisco; the Provident Life and Trust Company building, Philadelphia; the Prudential Life Insurance Building, New York City; City College of New York; the Wisconsin State Capital; and the steel superstructure of the New York Stock Exchange building.</div>
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Two Confederate veterans, Col. Ambrosio Jose Gonzales, and Maj. James Lide Coker were inducted into the South Carolina Business Hall of Fame in 1986. In the year 2000 ex-Confederate senator from Florida, David Levy Yulee, was named that year’s “Great Floridian” by the Florida Department of State. Another Confederate Floridian, Col. Francis Littlebury Dancy, was a postwar agronomist and named to the Florida Citrus Hall of Fame in 2013.</div>
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Former Confederates were major postwar philanthropists. Prominent among them was former Texas cavalryman George Washington Littlefield, who funded many facilities and programs at the University of Texas-Austin, and New York City native, Maj. Lewis Ginter, who founded the Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden in Richmond, Virginia, containing a Conservatory, Rose Garden, Children's Garden, Sunken Garden, Asian Garden, Victorian Garden, and Healing Garden. Ginter also donated the land for the campus of the Union Theological Seminary. Col. John Peter Smith of Ft. Worth, Texas donated land for parks, cemeteries, and hospitals, one of which still bears his name—John Peter Smith Hospital.</div>
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The most prominent of all Confederate philanthropists was Dr. Simon Baruch, a Jewish-Confederate surgeon from Charleston, South Carolina who served in the 13th Mississippi Infantry and 3rd South Carolina Infantry. After the Confederate retreat from Gettysburg, Baruch remained to treat wounded soldiers, after which he was imprisoned and exchanged. He returned to the 13th Mississippi and served for the remainder of the war. After the war Baruch practiced medicine in South Carolina, and volunteered his services for one year in the slums of New York City. Returning to South Carolina, he practiced medicine for 16 years, and in 1881 moved to New York City where he practiced medicine and became an outspoken proponent of public health and hygiene. Simon Baruch is the namesake of civil monuments, educational entities, and academic departments in New York City and throughout the country, many of which were established by his son Bernard M. Baruch, including several Simon Baruch Houses, a public housing complex in New York City, as well as buildings, halls, and academic chairs at Columbia University, Clemson University, the New York University College of Medicine, and the Medical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University. New York City Department of Education’s Middle School 104 is named Simon Baruch Middle School, along with an adjacent Simon Baruch Playground and Garden, under the auspices of the New York City Department of Parks. In 1940, the younger Baruch endowed in honor of his father, the Simon Baruch Auditorium building on the campus of the Medical University of South Carolina, and the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at Virginia Commonwealth University.</div>
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And let’s not forget if not for Rome, GA native John Pemberton, a Lt Col in the Confederate Army, yankees would not be enjoying their favorite beverage on a hot day.</div>
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The good Colonel invented what is still the top selling soft drink in the world.....COCA COLA!</div>
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-86628412880795423252020-01-20T21:55:00.003-06:002020-01-20T21:55:36.943-06:00ROBERT E. LEE-- A GREAT AMERICAN<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: #1d2129; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">January 19, 2020 was the 213th birthday of Confederate General Robert E. Lee who was born in 1807 at Stratford, Westmoreland County, Virginia. He was the son of Revolutionary War hero “Light Horse” Harry Lee and Ann Carter Lee. Young Robert’s role model was George Washington.</span></div>
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<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: #1d2129; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10.5pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Lee was a devout Christian and his greatness can best be judged by the positive statements made by Northerners who were his former enemies and later U.S. presidents and foreign dignitaries. He has always been considered the epitome of a Southern gentleman. In 1880, E. Benjamin Andrews, president of Brown University, and a former Union Veteran stated “Any father when asked who he would want his son to emulate would have to answer Robert E. Lee if he were wise..”</span><br />
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<span style="color: #1d2129; font-size: 10.5pt;">British Army field Marshall G. Joseph Wolseley met Lee during the war. He stated “I judged Lee to be from a different mold and of finer and superior metal than other men.. British Prime Minister Winston Churchill said Lee was one of the noblest Americans ever. When the Confederate army went into Pennsylvania, Lee refused to commit atrocities in retaliation for what Yankees had done in the Southern states saying, “we only make war against armed men and not women and children”. After the war at a time when Lee desperately needed money a Northern insurance company offered him $50,000 for the use of his name. He declined saying, “my name and heritage is about all I have left and it is not for sale.”</span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; font-size: 10.5pt;">Georgia war-era senator Benjamin Harvey Hill expressed a lasting Lee tribute. “He possessed every virtue of other great commanders without their vices. He was a foe without hate, a friend without treachery, a victor without oppression, and a victim without murmuring. He was a public officer without vices, a private citizen without reproach, a Christian without hypocrisy, and a man without guile. He was a Caesar without his ambition, Frederick without his tyranny, Napoleon without his selfishness, and Washington without his reward. He was obedient in authority as a servant and loyal in authority as a true King. He was as gentle as a woman in life, modest and pure as a virgin in thought, watchful as a Roman Vidal in duty, submissive to law as Socrates, and as grand in battle as Achilles.”</span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; font-size: 10.5pt;">Lee opposed slavery and fought for Southern Independence from Northern tyranny, despotism, and dictatorship and to preserve the U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights which were written by America’s founding fathers who were primarily Southern gentlemen from Virginia. After the failed 1848 Socialist revolution in Europe Karl Marx had sent about 2000 European Socialists to New York City. They had joined with American Socialists to form the Republican Party which was similar to the modern Socialist Democratic Party. The New York Tribune newspaper had published 487 of Marx’s articles including the Communist Manifesto. Lincoln was a member of this radical fanatical party. The federal government had been taken over by radicals, fanatics, zealots, and criminals and the South refused to voluntarily be ruled by this class of corrupt criminal Northern politicians and industrialists. Slavery was already a dying institution but Northern abolitionists demanded instant abolition as opposed to the gradual orderly emancipation that was already taking place. Sixty-eight of 117 Republicans signed a resolution advocating violence and terrorism against the South and this along with the upcoming Morrill tariff tax of 47 to 50 percent was forcing the South into a dependent colonial condition almost as abject as the Roman provinces 2000 years ago under their pro-councils. Altogether there were 10 causes of Southern secession. Contact me <a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="color: blue; cursor: pointer; text-decoration: underline;">jkingantiquearms@bellsouth.net</a> for an e-mail copy of my article “The 10 Causes of Southern Secession.”</span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; font-size: 10.5pt;"><br />James W. King Sons of Confederate Veterans (SCV) Camp Commander Albany Georgia</span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-8941632153077335652020-01-17T17:38:00.003-06:002020-01-17T17:39:40.215-06:00 SETTING THE RECORD STRAIGHT: THE NORTH’S ATTITUDE TOWARDS BLACKS<br />
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<b>By Jeff Paulk </b> </div>
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We read and hear
much about the north’s opposition to slavery by the abolitionists and Radical
Republicans of the 19<sup>th</sup> century.
Was it because of their high moral character and great love for the
black race that they looked down their Puritan, blue-blooded, hypocritical
noses at the south and condemned it for the institution of slavery which the
north itself was largely responsible for?
After all, it was the New England Yankees who built the slave ships and
grew very wealthy from the slave trade, and they did this while at the same
time spewing out hateful, venomous, and false propaganda from their pulpits and
in their newspapers against the south.
Let us take a closer look at just how these Yankees really felt about
the plight of the black race, and the truth about how they were treated in the
south.</div>
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Ever heard of the
“Black Codes” for which the south must forever be shackled to the altar of
repentance? Well, the “Black Codes”
originated in the north, not the south. Some states, such as Oregon, Ohio,
Indiana, and Illinois (the Land of Lincoln) refused to even allow blacks to
enter them. They were subject to severe penalties if they did. Slavery didn’t
end in the north because of the benevolence and high moral character of the
northerners. It didn’t do well in an
industrial society, and many northerners refused to work alongside of blacks,
unlike southerners. Northerners,
including Lincoln, disliked blacks and wanted them relocated out of the
country. “But, Lincoln was the Great
Emancipator. He loved the blacks and set
them free.” If you believe that fairy
tale then the government indoctrination has been successful on you. Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation freed not
one solitary soul. Read it. As he stated, it was a war measure designed
to cause a slave insurrection in the south (which did not happen) and to keep
Europe from joining the fight on the side of the Confederacy. The Emancipation
Proclamation was intended to project the false image that the north was taking
the moral high ground and was prosecuting the war to free the slaves, even
though there were over 429,000 slaves in the Union at this time. Tens of
thousands of Union soldiers deserted upon learning of the Proclamation. They
were fighting to “save the Union”, (actually, to subjugate the south) not free
the slaves.</div>
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Lincoln stated that
the best use of the western territories was for white people. Nobody wanted blacks, free or slave, in the
western territories. Lincoln was never in favor of giving blacks social or
political equality with whites. He was
devising a plan to resettle blacks in other countries and move them out of the
U.S.</div>
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America was not
divided, as we have been taught, between those who thought slavery was wrong
and those who thought it was right.
Northerners were not opposed to slavery in principle, but eliminating it
could mean having free Negroes in their states and they did not want this. Most southerners would have gladly been rid
of the curse of slavery, but realized that a method of gradual emancipation
would be best so that blacks could be educated and trained in various skills
and trades, preparing them to enter society as free people. In fact, many slaves were already being freed
in the south and a lot of slave owners had it written in their wills that upon
their death the slaves they owned would be freed.</div>
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Harvard professor
and militant liberal activist, Charles Eliot Norton, supported the “free soil”
movement in the west to “confine the Negro within the south”. While the northern abolitionists said they
thought slavery was wrong, they desired not association with blacks and shared
racist attitudes with most other northerners. Ohio abolitionist and Senator
Benjamin Wade, upon arriving in Washington in 1851 said, “It is a God forsaken
N…..ridden place.” He said, “The food
was all cooked by a N….. until I can smell and taste the N…..” Wade said he didn’t like blacks, but hated
southerners more. But it is the
southerner who has been branded with the title “racist”.</div>
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Misconceptions of
southern slavery as the brutal land of whips and chains, no doubt bolstered by
the writing of “Uncle Tom’s Cabin”, can be easily disproven by “The Slave
Narratives”, as well as the following excerpts from “A Southside View of
Slavery” written in 1854 by a northerner, Nehemiah Adams, who paid an extended
visit to the south to care for a sick relative.
On page 18 he says, “A better-looking, happier, more courteous set of
people I had never seen than these colored men, women, and children whom I met
the first few days of my stay in Savannah.
It had a singular effect on my spirits.
They all seemed glad to see me.” On
page 28 he says, “People habitually miserable could not have conducted the
musical service of public worship as they did; their looks and manner gave agreeable
testimony that, in spite of their condition, they had sources of enjoyment and
ways of manifesting it which suggested to a spectator no thought of involuntary
servitude.” He says on page 32, “My
previous images of slaves were destroyed by the sight of those women with
dresses which would have been creditable to the population of any town at the
north.” On page 73, “Slaves are allowed
to find masters and mistresses who will buy them.” Page 151, “Are we afraid that the sight of
the happy relation subsisting between masters and their slaves will make our
people in love with the institution?”</div>
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This is not to deny
that abuses occurred. They most
certainly did, but they were the exception, and not the rule. Slaves were well cared for and in most cases
had a close and loving relationship with their masters.</div>
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In Donald W.
Livingston’s essay, “Why The War Was Not About Slavery”, we read on page 18 the
following:</div>
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“The editor of the
Milwaukee Sentinel said the two races could never live together in peace. ‘Whether it is instinct, reason, or prejudice
is scarcely profitable to discuss…It exists throughout the whole north and time
seems to do little or nothing to modify it.’
An abolitionist said this about his fellow Midwesterners who supported
Lincoln’s no slavery-in-the-west agitation.
They are more properly Negro-haters, who vote free-state to keep Negroes
out, free or slave; one half of them would go for slavery if Negroes were to be
allowed here at all.”</div>
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“The editor of the
Chicago Times said “There is in the greatest masses of the people a natural and
proper loathing of the Negro which forbids contact with him as with a leper.”</div>
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<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><br />
Senator Sherman of
Ohio, brother of the Union general said that northerners were “opposed to
having many Negroes among them”.<o:p></o:p></div>
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The anti-slavery
talk in the north and west consisted of no moral intentions, but rather the
political and economic interests of those in the north and west against those
of the people in the south. The true accounts of our history have been
suppressed more so than ignored.
Believing all that we have been taught in school and what we hear and
see in the media and what is put out by Hollywood is not only a mistake, but it
prevents us from learning the truth and keeps us buried in the dungeon of
historical ignorance. You can choose to
remain in that dungeon, or free yourself by learning the historical truths
which are so readily available.</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10180522.post-49990901881894540802020-01-16T22:28:00.002-06:002020-01-16T22:28:28.641-06:00Southern Monuments: This Is Why!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxg1V2TlPe0gQ7mzoKBN1n9ouptvStzNhgKmRE8JtGQSFNQ9nnTYYrUCuKJzluYRuRe7mFZuZRZyqDVFFhmrLW3YwvWRQxNcZhgWtCbe-RPPmJTBnvdyBNaFPLZLAx7qzQtAji/s1600/82066102_159382325356813_5329813243332395008_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="740" data-original-width="720" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxg1V2TlPe0gQ7mzoKBN1n9ouptvStzNhgKmRE8JtGQSFNQ9nnTYYrUCuKJzluYRuRe7mFZuZRZyqDVFFhmrLW3YwvWRQxNcZhgWtCbe-RPPmJTBnvdyBNaFPLZLAx7qzQtAji/s320/82066102_159382325356813_5329813243332395008_n.jpg" width="311" /></a></div>
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This is why monuments to Southern Soldiers stand and why they are important. This was someone’s son, father, brother, nephew, friend, sweetheart… There was a mother who held this child when he was sick, when he was scared by the night. There was a mother who tenderly kissed his forehead, sang and rocked him to sleep. There was a father who watched him take his first steps on a dusty cabin floor. There was a grandfather who taught him to blacksmith or farm. There were brothers and sisters he played among and got in trouble with. There was a preacher who taught him to fear the Lord. There was a sweetheart who prayed every day for his safety and his eventual return home. There was a loving wife and children who stood and watched as he marched off to defend his homeland…all eyes filled with tears, he turned back to wave what would be a final goodbye. And there lies his bent and broken body, his life gone, on a faraway field. The living there know not his name. There are no loved ones there to give him a final farewell and a proper burial, not even a modest pine box. If he was lucky, he was likely cast into a shallow ditch with many others like him. Those who loved him will never know, their lifetime’s long, whatever became of him, where he fell, what his final moments might have been, the thoughts and words he might have had as his journey here ended. And then one day, years, decades later, that mother, father, the brothers and sisters, sweethearts and wives managed to scrape together enough money in a desolate wasteland to build him a monument, so that he might not be forgotten. This is why monuments to Southern Soldiers stand and why they are important.<br />
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Tony RoweUnknownnoreply@blogger.com0